אָב I (Assyr. A-bu, Schr. K. A. T., p. 247) Ab, the fifth month of the Jewish calendar (of thirty days) beginning between the eighth of July and the seventh of August, and ending between the sixth of August and the fifth of September. R. Hash. I, 3, על אב וכ׳ for announcing the beginning of Ab messengers are sent out, for the sake of the fast. Ib. 18ᵇ ט׳ באב the ninth of Ab, anniversary of Temple destruction. Taan. IV, 6 משנכנס אב with the beginning of Ab. Ib. 29ᵇ לישתמיט מיניה באב let him try to be relieved of (the law-suit) in Ab. Meg. 5ᵇ; a. e.
אָב II m. (b. h.; אבה, cmp. אֵם) , const. אֲבִי, אַב [embracer], father, ancestor, progenitor; teacher; chief, leader; author, originator. Ex. R. s. 46 end המגדל אב the educator is the real father. Lev. R. s. 1 אבי החכמה וכ׳, the father of all wisdom, … the father of prophets. Y. Ned. V, 39ᵇ; a. fr.—אַב בית דין (abbr. אב"ד) president of the Court (Great Sanhedrin), next in dignity to the Nassi. Taan. II, 1; a. fr.—Metaph. origin, cause. Num. R. s. 10 (play on אֲבוֹי, Prov. XXIII, 29) א׳ אוי the cause of woe (sin).—אב מלאכה (for which also עיקר) one of the chief labors forbidden on the Sabbath, opp. תולדה a labor the prohibition of which is based on the ground of its being a species of the former, or derived from the former. Sabb. VII, 1 sq.; a. fr.—[Y. Sabb. II, 5ᵃ, אב שלה, sub. מלאכה.]—אב הטומאה one of the original or direct causes of levitical uncleanness, opp. ולד (child) secondary cause. Toh. I, 5; a. fr.—א׳ הנזק v. Pl.—בנין א׳ creation of a class, i.e. a conclusion, by analogy, from a case explicitly stated in the bibl. law on all similar cases not specified in detail. Sifra introd.—Ib. K’doshim, end, ch. 11 (ref. to Lev. XX, 27) זה ב׳ א׳ לכל דמיהם בם this forms the rule for all cases in which the Bible uses the word d’mēhem bam (that the penalty is stoning to death); a. fr.; v. also בֵּית אב.—Pl. אָבוֹת־, const. אֲבוֹת, 1) fathers, ancestors, patriarchs &c. Ber. 26ᵇ prayers א׳ תקנום have been instituted by the Patriarchs; a. fr.—אבות בתי דינין, v. supra. Ḥag. II, 2.—בת א׳ a woman of noble descent. Num. R. s. 1; a. e.—Metaph. principal, chief א׳ מלאכות, v. supra. א׳ הטומא׳ Kel. I, 1; v. supra.—א׳ נזיקין (sing. אב הנזק) the chief actionable injuries or damages, from which the subordinate are deduced (תולדות). B. Kam. I, 1; a. e. —2) Aboth, the first section of the Prayer of Benedictions (v. תְּפִלָּה), so called because it alludes to the Patriarchs. R. Hash. IV, 5; a. fr. —3) Aboth, name of a treatise of the Mishnah, containing sayings of Talmudic authorities and belonging to the fourth section, נזיקין, of the Mishnah collection (משניות); also styled פִּרְקֵי א׳ a. מְסֶכֶת א׳. A similar collection of a later date is contained in Talmud Babli editions, named א׳ דרבי נתן Aboth d’Rabbi Nathan. [Y. Yoma VIII, 44ᵈ top אב בית נפש v. אֲבֵידָה.]
אֵב, אֵיב, (אוֹב) m. (b. h.; אבב) swelling, spreading, whence 1) the young shoots of a tree, opp. to the branches growing directly from the trunk. B. Kam. 81ᵃ אִיבּוֹ של אילן ed. (Ar. a. Ms. חובו, v. חוֹב II, cmp. Rashi a. l.). [Y. Erub. III, 21ᵃ top איבו; Y. Succ. II, 53ᵃ צידו.] —2) pl. אִבִּין, אִיבִּין state of growth, development. Ḥull. 58ᵃ cascuta which became wormy באִבֶּיהָ during its growth. Ib. 127ᵇ figs which shrunk באִבֵּיהֶן during development. Y. Sabb. VII, 10ᶜ bot. he who presses olives מאִבֵּיהֶן from where they grow (before they are ripe to be taken off). [Tosef. Maasr. I, 4 איבין אדומים, Var. אובין, read אוּגִין, v. אוֹג.] Ib. 5 they differ על האיבין concerning the plants in their growing state (between ripening [גמר] and blossoming [הנץ]; Var. אוֹנין incorr.); cmp. יָבַן. Ch. v. אִיבָּא I.
אַבָּא I, אָב ch. = h. אָב II . Targ. Gen. XVII, 4. Targ. O. ib. XLI, 43; a. fr.—Freq. אַבָּא (also in Hebr. phraseol.) my father. Snh. III, 2. B. Bath. IX, 3; a. fr. Meg. 12ᵇ אהורייריה דא׳ my father’s steward. אבי א׳ my grandfather. Ber. 10ᵃ bot.—Snh. 113ᵃ bot. א׳ אליהו father Elijah (sarcastically).—אָבוֹהֵ ד־, אָבוֹי ד־ N.’s father. Ber. 18ᵇ; Y. B. Mets. IV, 9ᶜ top; a. fr.—א׳ סב, א׳ רבה grandfather. Targ. II, Esth. VII, 10. Yeb. 21ᵇ.—Trnsf. origin, source. Sabb. 22ᵃ אֲבוּהוֹן דכולהון דם the source of all analogous cases is the law about blood (that you must cover it from a sense of propriety).—Pl. אֲבָהָן, אֲבָהָתָא Targ. Y. Deut. XXIV, 16. Targ. I Chr. I, 2; a. fr. Men. 53ᵃ בר א׳ of distinguished birth.—Kidd. 83ᵃ; a. fr.—[אֲבָהֵי Targ. Prov. XIX, 14 Ms.; read with ed. Wil. אבהן; oth. ed. אבהו corr. acc.]
אָגָא, (עָגָה) (Samar. אגה rendition of b. h. to spell (letters), blaspheme, swear. Snh. 101ᵇ תנא (ו)בגבולין ובלשון אגא Ar. (ed. עגה), the Boraitha remarks (to ההוגה as in Mishn. a. l.) this (condemnation of one uttering the name of the Lord) refers to the country (not the Temple), and in the sense of Samaritan aga (swearing). Cmp. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵇ top כגון אילין כותאי וכ׳ in a way as those Samaritans swear.
אַגַּב (contr. of אל גב = עַל, cmp. אַ־) prop. on the back, on top of, hence, upon, on the basis; (logic.) by dint of, on account of; by the way of. Snh. 95ᵇ א׳ אורחך while on thy road, i.e. incidentally, occasionally. Freq. אורחא א׳, v. אוֹרְחָא.—B. Mets. 21ᵇ א׳ דיקירי because they are heavy.—Ib. 11ᵇ, a. fr. מטלטלין א׳ מקרקעי the sale of movable chattel made binding by dint of immovable property jointly sold; cmp. קַרְקַע.—Kidd. 26ᵇ א׳ אחר by means of somebody else (taking possession in behalf of the absent person). Ib. 27ᵃ מי בעינן א׳ is it necessary that he must say, ‘Acquire movable by dint of acquiring landed property’?—Pes. 113ᵃ כל א׳ גביא בעיא every claim the legality of which rests on some additional circumstance (e.g. a loan collectible only on producing the note of indebtedness) requires collection (cannot be considered actual property until collected).—Sabb. 116ᵃ א׳ כתב הוא דקדוש the parchment is sacred only on account of the sacred character of what is written on it.—Shebu. 40ᵇ, v. גְּרָרָא; a. fr.
אָגַד I (√אג, sec. r. of אוג, v. אוּגְיָא, cmp. אגר, חגר, עקד) 1) to twine around, tie up; to close, forbid. Succ. III, 1; a. fr.—Sabb. 60ᵃ אוֹגֶדֶת בו וכ׳ Ar. (ed. אוגרת, Ms. M. חוגרת) she fastens her hair with it.—Pes. 87ᵃ בנות ישראל שאוֹגְדוֹת וכ׳ ed. (Ms. M. בחורות … שמגידות, v. Hif.) the maidens in Israel who forbid intimacy to their betrothed. Erub. 21ᵇ ל"א אוגדות ed. (missing in Ms. M.). —2) (denom. of אֲגוּדָּה) to form a union or faction. Sifré Deut. 294, v. Nif. [B. Bath. 14ᵃ לוחות אוגדות, v. אָגַר a. אָכַל.]
Nif. - נֶאֱגַד to be tied up, united &c. Maasr. I, 5 ירק הנֶ׳ משיֵאָגֵד vegetables ordinarily put up in bunches, are subject to tithes from the time they are tied. Y. Erub. III, 20ᵈ top.—Sifré Deut. 296 שלא תאגוד עליך אגודה (read תֵּאָגֵד) no alliance (of the surrounding nations) shall be formed against thee.
Hif. - הֶאֱגִיד , contr. הֵיגִיד, part. מֵיגִיד, מֵגִיד, to tie up, fence in, forbid. Erub. 21ᵇ; Pes. 87ᵃ Ms. M. (play on מגדים Cant. VII, 14) שמֵגִידוֹת וכ׳ who forbid &c., v. supra (Rashi: שמַגִּידוֹת, v. נגד, who announce their menstruation); v. אָגַד II.
Nif. - נֶאֱגַד to be tied up, united &c. Maasr. I, 5 ירק הנֶ׳ משיֵאָגֵד vegetables ordinarily put up in bunches, are subject to tithes from the time they are tied. Y. Erub. III, 20ᵈ top.—Sifré Deut. 296 שלא תאגוד עליך אגודה (read תֵּאָגֵד) no alliance (of the surrounding nations) shall be formed against thee.
Hif. - הֶאֱגִיד , contr. הֵיגִיד, part. מֵיגִיד, מֵגִיד, to tie up, fence in, forbid. Erub. 21ᵇ; Pes. 87ᵃ Ms. M. (play on מגדים Cant. VII, 14) שמֵגִידוֹת וכ׳ who forbid &c., v. supra (Rashi: שמַגִּידוֹת, v. נגד, who announce their menstruation); v. אָגַד II.
אָגַד II (√גד, v. נגד a. גדל), Hif. הֵגִיד to stretch, prolong, postpone. Erub. 21ᵇ; Pes. 87ᵃ (Ar. s. v. גד, v. however אָגַד I) שמֵגִידוֹת וכ׳ who postpone (reserve) sexual intimacy for their husbands. Y. Keth. V, 29ᵈ bot. אני מֵיגֶדֶת וכ׳ I will extend (spend all the time of) my widowhood in my husband’s house.
גַּב m. (b. h.; גבב) convex, arched, whence 1) the exterior or upper part of a thing, a) body, esp. back (of an animal’s body, usu. אָחוֹר). Gen. R. s. 8, beg. he split the double-faced body (v. פרצוף) ועשאו גַּבַּיִים ג׳ לכאן וכ׳ and gave it two backs, one back on this side &c.—גַּב יָד, גַּב רֶגֶל a swelling on the hand, on the foot. Ab. Zar. 28ᵃ; Sabb. 109ᵃ.—b) eye-brow (b. h.), the elevation around genitals &c. Nidd. 52ᵇ א׳ בגַבָּהּ one hair on the lower surrounding of her genitals, opp. בכריסה, v. כֶּרֶס; B. Bath. 56ᵇ; Snh. 30ᵇ; B. Kam. 70ᵇ, [Rashi: on her finger joints].—c) (also גַּבָּה) גַּבַּת הַזָּקֵן, pl. גַּבּוֹת, chin. Nidd. 23ᵇ; Y. ib. III, 50ᶜ bot. גומות הזקן (dimples).—*d) a low fence. Tosef. B. Mets. XI, 22 (ed. Zuck. גַּג).—Du. גַּבַּיִים, גַּבַּיִין. Kel. XXV, 5 outsides of vessels (usu. אֲחוֹרַיִים). Gen. R. s. 8, v. supra.—Pl. גַּבִּים, גַּבִּין, גַּבּוֹת. Bekh. VII, 2 שני ג׳ וכ׳ double back and double spine (explain. גִּבֵּן, Lev. XXI, 20); Nidd. 24ᵃ sq.; Ḥull. 60ᵇ.—Nidd. 23ᵇ ג׳ הזקן, v. supra.—עַל גַּב, עַל גַּבֵּי (abbr. ע"ג) on, upon, by the side of (cmp. עַל in b. h.). Ḥull. 3ᵃ, a. fr. עומד על גַּבָּיו standing by him, superintending. Nidd. 66ᵃ על גב הנהר by the river-side; Makhsh. I, 4 (v. גֵּיף). Succ. IV, 4 על גב איצטבא (Talm. ed. 42ᵇ גבי), v. אִיסְטְבָא.—Trnsf. on the basis, on the principle. אף על גב, v. אַף I.—Y. Ḥag. II, 78ᵇ bot. חולין שנעשו על גב הקדש (usu. על טהרת הקדש) layman’s food prepared on the principles of sacred food (as though it were sacred food). Bets. II, 3 (17ᵇ); Tosef. ib. II, 7 מטבילין מגב לגב you may (on a Holy Day) immerse vessels for the purpose of changing their use (literally: from principle to principle, from one על גב to another); expl. ibid. רצה לעשות גיתו ע"ג בדו ובדו ע"ג עיסתו הרי זה וכ׳ if one desires to work his wine press on the basis of his olive press, i.e. with vessels originally immersed for the use of the olive press, or his olive press on the basis of his dough, i.e. with vessels originally immersed to be used for kneading, he may immerse his vessels on the same day; Bets. 19ᵃ ע"ג בדו ובדו ע"ג גיתו עושה … Ms. M. a. Ar. (ed. incorr. כדו) if one wishes to change &c., he might have done so (even without another immersion and, therefore, may re-immerse his vessels on the Holy Day because he does not thereby create a new status).—Cmp. אַגַּב.—Tosef. Sabb. XII (XIII), 1; Y. ib. XIII, 14ᵃ top ע"ג הגס וכ׳ around, or adding to the border of a web &c.; Bab. ib. 105ᵃ על הגס. Hor. III, 3 אין על גַּבָּיו אלא וכ׳ none over him save the Lord his God.—בְּגַב in the back, behind. Y. Keth. XII, 35ᵇ top דברים בגב (Bab. ib. 111ᵃ בגו) there is something behind, i.e. there is a reason for it.—Cmp. כַּף.
גַּב, גַּבָּא ch. same 1) back, body &c. Targ. Y. II, Ex. II, 3 ג׳ נהרא river-side (Y. I גֵּיף). Targ. Job XIII, 12 גב טינא a body (lump) of clay.—Ḥull. 47ᵇ אגבא on top, opp. מגואי inside, below. Sabb. 109ᵃ אג׳ דכרעיה on his foot. Yoma 78ᵃ ג׳ דכרעא הוה it was the back (dorsum) of the foot, cmp. preced. גב רגל; a. fr.—Pl. גַּבִּין, גַּבֵּי־. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXI, 10; a. e.—[גבייה. Gen. R. s. 8, some ed., read גביים, v. preced.].—עַל גַּב, עַל גַּבֵּי as preced. Targ. II Chr. XXI, 3 ע"ג קרקע, v. אַגַּב. Targ. Y. II, Lev. I, 17; a. e.—ע"ג ידא upon one’s hand; כע"ג י׳ (כד, כִּיד) as upon one’s hand, i.e. exposed to danger. Targ. Job. XIII, 14; a. fr.—Also ellipt. כעל גב. Targ. Jud. IX, 17; a. e. —2) (prep.) גַּב, גַּבֵּי towards, with &c. Targ. Y. II, Num. XXI, 9.—With suffix of pers. pron. Targ. Job XIX, 4; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 33 יתיב גַּבֵּיה he sat with him. Ib. גַּבְּכוֹן in your country. Y. Ned. VI, 40ᵃ sent letters גבי ר׳ יצחק through R. &c. Ib. גַּבָּן (thus we read) in our country. Ber. 10ᵃ ליתי … גַּבָּאי let Ezekiel come to me. Gen. R. s. 35 מן גַּבֵּיה ועד גַּבִּי from those with him &c., from his generation to mine.—Bets. 25ᵇ זיל לגבי דר׳ וכ׳ go to see R. &c.; a. v. fr.
גֶּבֶא, גֵּב, (גֵּבַי) m. (b. h.; גבי, גבב) cavity for collecting water, pond, cistern. Tosef. Mikv. I, 1 המים שבגבא R. S. to Mikv. I, 1 (ed. Zuck. שבגבו, read שבגֵבַי) the water in the pond. Ib. 3 גבי.—Pl. גֵּבִים, גֵּבִין, גֵּבָאִים, גֵּבָאִין, גֵּבָיִים. Cant. R. to I, 2 (ref. to ישקני ib.) יטהרני כאדם שהוא מישק שני ג׳ וכ׳ may He make me pure, as a man levels the surface of two ponds (by which the unclean one is purified). Snh. 94ᵇ; M. Kat. 25ᵇ מי ג׳ stagnant waters, opp. נחל שוטף. Mikv. I, 1. Y. M. Kat. I, 80ᵃ bot.; Tosef. Mikv. I, 13 כמין גבאין ed. Zuck. (read כְּמֵי).
גָּבַב (√גב to arch, cave, curve; cmp. √כף, גף &c.) to curve. *Pes. 42ᵃ bot. three things … גּוֹבְבִין את הקומה Ar. (ed. כופפין; Erub. 55ᵇ bot. ed. Sonc. גופפין) curve the erect stature (make man’s back high).
Pi. - גִּיבֵּב to heap up, pile, esp. to gather twigs, straw &c.; to rake. Shebi. IX, 6 המְגַבֵּב ביבש he who gathers dry plants, leaves &c., (opp. מלקט, of green plants). Bets. IV, 6. B. Kam. 101ᵇ; Succ. 40ᵃ גִּיבְּבָן, v. חִבָּה II. Y. Yeb. VIII, 8ᵈ bot.; a. fr.—Trnsf. (with or sub. דברים) to pick up frivolous arguments. Yoma 76ᵃ עד מתי אתה מְגַבֵּב דברים ומביא עלינו (Ms. a. Ar. omit דברים) how long wilt thou rake words together and bring them up against us (i.e. what authority have you for your assertion)?; Sifra Vayikra, N’dab. ch. IV, Par. 4 מגבב ומביא … (Mekh. B’shall., Vayas. 3 מתמה).
Pi. - גִּיבֵּב to heap up, pile, esp. to gather twigs, straw &c.; to rake. Shebi. IX, 6 המְגַבֵּב ביבש he who gathers dry plants, leaves &c., (opp. מלקט, of green plants). Bets. IV, 6. B. Kam. 101ᵇ; Succ. 40ᵃ גִּיבְּבָן, v. חִבָּה II. Y. Yeb. VIII, 8ᵈ bot.; a. fr.—Trnsf. (with or sub. דברים) to pick up frivolous arguments. Yoma 76ᵃ עד מתי אתה מְגַבֵּב דברים ומביא עלינו (Ms. a. Ar. omit דברים) how long wilt thou rake words together and bring them up against us (i.e. what authority have you for your assertion)?; Sifra Vayikra, N’dab. ch. IV, Par. 4 מגבב ומביא … (Mekh. B’shall., Vayas. 3 מתמה).
גַּף I m. (b. h.; גפף , v. גּוּף) body. בְּגַפּוֹ alone; explained Kidd. 20ᵃ בגופו נכנס בגופו יצא he came with his body, and so he shall go out, i.e. he has no claim for injuries received during servitude; oth. expl. יחידי נכנס וכ׳ if he entered a single man, he must leave a single man, i.e. his master has no right to give him a Canaanite slave for propagating purposes.
גַּף II c. (גנף, cmp. כָּנָף a. כַּף; v. אֲגַף) [bent, joint,] 1) the long portion of the wing. Zeb. VII, 5 שיבש גַּפָּהּ (Talm. ed. 68ᵇ שיבשה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) whose wing is withered. Ḥull. 57ᵃ שמוטת גף a bird whose wing is dislocated.—Du. גַּפַּיִּם, גַּפַּיִּים. Ib. III, 4 נשתברו גַּפֶּיהָ whose wings are broken, contrad. to כנפ׳ wing feathers. —2) arms, shoulders of a human being. Ohol. VII, 4 ניטלת בג׳ carried by her arms (put around the necks of her supporters); v. אֲגַף. —3) handles of a vessel, sides &c. Kel. VIII, 3. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. X, 5; a. e.—V. גֵּיף.
כַּף c. (b. h.; [something arched, hollow,] 1) palm of the hand, hand.—Du. כַּפַּיִם. Y. Ber. I, 3ᶜ bot., v. חָטַף. Naz. 46ᵇ, v. כָּנָף; a. fr.—נשא כ׳ to raise the hands, to pronounce the priestly benediction. Ber. V, 4 לא ישא את כַּפָּיו must not pronounce &c.; a. fr. —2) sole of the foot. Du. as ab. Ḥull. 70ᵇ מהלכי כ׳ animals walking on soles (having no split hoofs, Lev. XI, 27).—Trnsf. glove; sole of the shoe. Kel. XXVI, 3 כף לוקטי(ם) קוצים (R. S. כפלוקטי) the thorn-pickers’ glove. Tosef. Kel. B. Bath. IV, 5 רוב כף אחת, the larger portion of one sole; כל כף אחת the whole of &c. —3) the crest (fleshy elevation) over the genitals. Tosef. Nidd. VI, 4, sq. עד שתפשט את הכף (Var. משתתפשט) when the crest (of the girl) begins to flatten; Y. Yeb. I, 2ᵈ bot. עד שתתפשט הכף; Y. Snh. VIII, beg. 26ᵃ משתתפשט הכ׳ (of a male); Nidd. 47ᵃ, sq. נתמעך הכ׳ the crest grows lower. Ib. 52ᵇ אחת על הכ׳ one hair on the crest; a. e. —4) pan, censer. Tam. V, 4 (containing the בָּזָךְ). Ib. VII, 2 כף וכסויה the censer and its lid; a. fr.—Pl. כַּפּוֹת. Num. R. s. 14; a. e. —5) spoon, mason’s trowel &c. Kel. XIII, 2; 4; a. fr. Sabb. VIII, 5 כ׳ סיד, expl. ib. 80ᵇ כ׳ של סיידין the plasterers’ trowel.—Pl. כַּפִּים, כַּפִּין. Midd. III, 4 כפין של ברזל Ar. (ed. כפיס, Var. כפים) iron trowels. —6) (with, or without מאזנים) scale of the balance. Ab. II, 8. Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 167ᵃ כ׳ עוונות וכ׳ the scale of sins on the one side, and that of merits on the other; והקב"ה מטה לכ׳ זכות and the Lord bends (the balance) towards the scale of merits. Ab. I, 6, v. זְכוּת; a. fr.—Du. כַּפַּיִים, כַּפַּיִין. Tosef. Kel. B. Mets. II, 5 (ed. Zuck. כיפין, read: כפיין). —7) shore, banks (v. כֵּיפָא). Num. R. s. 13, v. חָף.—Pl. כַּפִּים, constr. כַּפֵּי. Lam. R. introd. (R. Ḥăn. 3) (transl. גיא המלח, II Chr. XXV, 11) כ׳ המלח the salt shores.
אוֹ I (b. h.; אוה , v. Ges. H. Dict. s. v.) or; או … או either … or. Shebu. 27ᵃ או … לחלק the word אוֹ in the Bible text is necessary as a disjunctif, (one or the other), contrad. from ו־ which is conjunctive (one and the other). Men. 91ᵃ; או לדרשא the word אוֹ intimates something not explicitly stated in the text; a. fr.—Pl. אוֹאִין Shebu. 33ᵇ.—אוֹיִין, אוֹיִים, const. אוֹיֵי the word אוֹ in the biblical passages. Y. ibid. IV, 35ᶜᵈ
אוּ m. (contr. of אֲהוּ, אֲהִי v. הוּ, הִי)he, that, this (only in Y. Dial). [Y. Ber. II, 5ᵇ top או מקשי, read הוה מ׳; ed. Amst. בעי.] Y. B. Bath. III, 14ᵇ I was jesting באו גברא with that man. Y. Snh. XI, beg. 30ᵃ באו ד(א)מר with him who says—Fem. אִי.—Y. Erub. III, 21ᵇ bot. אי אידא אי אידא it is all the same; v. אִידָא II.
מָא, מַא ch. = h. מָה 1) what? Targ. O. Gen. XXXI, 26 ed. Berl. (mostly מָה, q. v.). מָא אִם, contr. מָאִים what (will happen) if?, suppose, perhaps. Targ. O. Gen. XVIII, 24 מא אם ed. Berl. (oth. ed. a. Y. מאים); a. fr.—מָא דֵין, contr. מָדֵין, מַדֵּין what is this?, why? Targ. I Kings I, 13 (מה) מא דין (ed. Lag. מדין; h. text מדוע). Targ. Jer. XII, 1. Targ. O. Gen. XL, 7 (some ed. מַה דֵּין); a. fr. —2) how! Ib. XXVIII, 17 (ed. Berl. מַא, oth. ed. a. Y. מַה).
בּוֹא (b. h.; √בא, בה, v. בהי, to enter into, split, insert; v. בבא, בון; to be vacant, clear, v. באר, בור; to be disordered, v. באש, בוש) 1) to enter, come. R. Hash. I, 2 בָּאֵי העולם those come into the world, i.e. mortals. Ḥull. 54ᵇ בּוֹאֲכֶם בשלום be welcome!—Tanḥ. Vaëra 14; Midr. Till. to Ps. LXXVIII, 47, a. e. (play on ב̇ח̇נ̇מ̇ל̇ ibid.) [ב̇א נ̇ח̇ מ̇ל̇] ב̇א ח̇ן̇ מ̇ל̇ it (the locust) comes, encamps [rests], and plucks. Y. Shebu. VIII, 38ᶜ top, a. e. במקום שבאת, v. גְּזֵרָה.—Y. Peah I, 15ᶜ top, a. fr. יָבֹא עלי אם וכ׳ may (evil) befall me, if—; cmp. אֲתָא; Koh. R. to X, 8 אם לא יבא וכ׳ (corr. acc.). —2) with על (b. h. to have sexual connection. Kerith. I, 1; a. fr. —3) with לְיַד or לִידֵי to fall into the power of.—Aboth II, 1 ואין אתה בא לידי עבירה and sin will have no power over thee. Yoma 86ᵇ בא לידו דבר וכ׳ (not באת) he had the power (the chance) to commit a sin &c.; Kidd. 39ᵇ; a. fr.—בּוֹא וראה come and see (I will prove). Yoma l. c.; a. fr.
Hif. - הֵבִיא 1) to bring, carry. Gitt. I, 1 המֵבִיא וכ׳ he who brings (as a messenger) a letter of divorce from abroad; a. fr. —2) to offer. Bicc. I, 1; a. fr. —3) to draw an object toward’s one’s self, opp. הוֹלִיךְ, v. הָלַךְ. Ḥull. II, 3 הוליך ולא ה׳ he put the knife out (in slaughtering) but did not draw it backward; ה׳ ולא וכ׳ or drew it toward himself but did not then move forward; a. fr. —4) to bring about, produce, cause. Aboth I, 17 מביא חטא begets sin; a. fr. —5) to lead, procure admittance. Ab. Zar. 20ᵇ Torah מביאה לידי וכ׳ (v. supra) leads to careful conduct &c. Ib. 18ᵃ אתה מְבִיאֵנִי וכ׳ wilt thou procure me (promise me) admittance into the world to come?; a. fr.
Hif. - הֵבִיא 1) to bring, carry. Gitt. I, 1 המֵבִיא וכ׳ he who brings (as a messenger) a letter of divorce from abroad; a. fr. —2) to offer. Bicc. I, 1; a. fr. —3) to draw an object toward’s one’s self, opp. הוֹלִיךְ, v. הָלַךְ. Ḥull. II, 3 הוליך ולא ה׳ he put the knife out (in slaughtering) but did not draw it backward; ה׳ ולא וכ׳ or drew it toward himself but did not then move forward; a. fr. —4) to bring about, produce, cause. Aboth I, 17 מביא חטא begets sin; a. fr. —5) to lead, procure admittance. Ab. Zar. 20ᵇ Torah מביאה לידי וכ׳ (v. supra) leads to careful conduct &c. Ib. 18ᵃ אתה מְבִיאֵנִי וכ׳ wilt thou procure me (promise me) admittance into the world to come?; a. fr.
מֶגֶג m. (v. next w.) megeg, a species of reed. Par. III, 9; Tosef. ib. III (II), 9; חבל של מ׳ a rope made of m.; Erub. 58ᵃ
מָגַג (cmp. מוּג) to soften, dissolve, steep. Y. Maas. Sh. II, 53ᶜ top מוֹגֵג בידים טמאות you may steep (fenugrec in a lotion) with levitically unclean hands.
Hithpalp. - הִתְמַגְמֵג to be dissolved, melt. Pesik. R. s. 21 (ref. to נמוגים, Ps. LXXV, 4) כבר היה העולם מִתְמַגְמֵג והולך the world would have gone on melting away; Cant. R. to VII, 1 מתגמגם (transpos.).
Hithpalp. - הִתְמַגְמֵג to be dissolved, melt. Pesik. R. s. 21 (ref. to נמוגים, Ps. LXXV, 4) כבר היה העולם מִתְמַגְמֵג והולך the world would have gone on melting away; Cant. R. to VII, 1 מתגמגם (transpos.).
מֶגֶד m. (b. h.; גָּדַד , as מֶמֶר fr. מָרַר; cmp. גָּד fortune) [allotted gift,] precious goods, esp. fine fruit.—Pl. מְגָדִים. Sabb. 127ᵇ מיני מ׳ all sorts of delicacies.
מַגְדָּא, מִגְ׳, מִיגְ׳ I ch. same , precious ware, fine fruit.—Pl. מַגְדִּין, מִגְדַּיָּא, מְגָדֵי, מִיגְ׳. Targ. Job IX, 26. Targ. Y. Ex. XV, 19. Targ. Y. Deut. XXVIII, 23. Ib. XXXIII, 13, sq., v. מִגְדָּנִין. [Targ. Y. I Num. XXII, 7 מיגדין דקיסמין jewels of divination (?); Y. II אגרין letters.]—Men. 43ᵇ איספרמקי ומגדי spices and choice fruits.
מִגְדָּא, מִיגְ׳ II f. (נְגַד), constr. מִגְדַּת, guidance, leading string. Targ. Hos. XI, 4 (ed. Wil. מגרת); cmp. תִּיגְדָּא.
מוּג ch. = b. h. מוּג, to melt.
Af. - אָמֵיג to cause to flow, to make sore. Gen. R. s. 41 (ref. to מוגיך, Is. LI, 23) אילן דמְמִיגִין מכתך (Ar. דמְמַגְיַין מחתך, fr. מגי), v. לַחְלַח; ib. s. 69; Yalk. Is. 337 אילין דמגיין ביך (some ed. מוניך … דמניין, corr. acc.).—V. מוּגְלָא.
*. - אִתְמוֹגֵג (v. Syr. מגיא, P. Sm. 2001) to be languid, to act like a languid person. Ab. Zar. 70ᵇ בעלמא הוא דקאִיתְמוֹגֵג Ms. M. Var. (not איתמוגגי; strike out בעלמא הוא דקמתמוגג as a tautography) he may say, I was only a little lazy (and stretched myself so as to reach over to the neighbor’s roof; Rashi a. l. quotes a Var. מתמוגג אני h.).
Af. - אָמֵיג to cause to flow, to make sore. Gen. R. s. 41 (ref. to מוגיך, Is. LI, 23) אילן דמְמִיגִין מכתך (Ar. דמְמַגְיַין מחתך, fr. מגי), v. לַחְלַח; ib. s. 69; Yalk. Is. 337 אילין דמגיין ביך (some ed. מוניך … דמניין, corr. acc.).—V. מוּגְלָא.
*. - אִתְמוֹגֵג (v. Syr. מגיא, P. Sm. 2001) to be languid, to act like a languid person. Ab. Zar. 70ᵇ בעלמא הוא דקאִיתְמוֹגֵג Ms. M. Var. (not איתמוגגי; strike out בעלמא הוא דקמתמוגג as a tautography) he may say, I was only a little lazy (and stretched myself so as to reach over to the neighbor’s roof; Rashi a. l. quotes a Var. מתמוגג אני h.).
תָּאַב (b. h.; Tafel of אָבָה) to desire, have an appetite for; to want. Ex. R. s. 1, beg. ת׳ מיתת אביו he wished for his father’s death; Tanḥ. Sh’moth 1. Y. Snh. II, 20ᵃ bot. תָּאַבְתָּ דבר … שאני מַתְאִיבְךָ וכ׳ thou didst desire something forbidden to thee, I will make thee desire something permitted to thee.—Yeb. 15ᵃ תאבני, v. תָּאֵב.
Hif. - הִתְאִיב to cause to desire. Y. Snh. l. c., v. supra.
Hif. - הִתְאִיב to cause to desire. Y. Snh. l. c., v. supra.
תָּאֵב, תָּאֵיב m. (תָּאַב) desirous, longing for. Y. Ned. IX, beg. 41ᵇ אין היצר הרע ת׳ אלא וכ׳ the evil inclination has a desire only for what is forbidden; Y. Yoma VI, 43ᵈ top תָּעֵב. Tosef. Arakh. IV, 26 והוא ת׳ לו (not והלא) while he has an appetite for it. Y. Ber. VII, 11ᵃ bot. מה אם … שהוא ת׳ לאכול וכ׳ if man must bless God after he has eaten and is satisfied, how much more must he do so, when he is desirous to eat (and finds what he needs)!; (Bab. ib. 48ᵇ כשהוא רעב). Pes. 99ᵇ כדי … כשהוא ת׳ Ar. a. Ms. M. 2 (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5; ed. כשהוא תאוה, read: תָּאֵו; Y. ib. X, beg. 37ᵇ בתאוה) that he may enter the Sabbath with an appetite (for food). Yeb. 15ᵃ תָּאַבְנִי וכ׳ (marg. corr. תאב אני); Tosef. ib. I, 10 תָּאַיבְנִי ed. Zuck. (Var. ת׳ אני) I wish that I had &c. Mekh. Mishp. s. 20 עני ת׳ a poor man in great need, contrad. to דל; a. e.—Pl. תְּאֵבִים, תְּאֵי׳. Y. Taan. I, end, 64ᵈ תְּאֵיבֵי בנים those who long to have children; (Bab. ib. 11ᵃ חסוכי בנים).
תָּאו m. (b. h. תָּו; v. אָוָה II) mark. — Pl. תָּאוִים, תָּאוִוים. Koh. R. to XII, 7 (ed. Wil. תְּוָואִים, fr. תָּוָה), v. אָוָה II. Lev. R. s. 18 התחיל מתאוה תוואים וכ׳ he begins to mark out limits, (saying,) as far as such a place I can walk &c.; Kob. R. to XII, 5 מתווה תוואים.
תְּאוֹ m. (b. h.) wild ox (?). Tosef. Kil. I, 9 זה ת׳ האמור בתורה this (the שור הבר) is the t’o of the Torah (Deut. XIV, 5). Ib. וחכמים אומרים ת׳ ביריא וכ׳ but the wise men say, t’o and wild ox are two different creatures. Ḥull. 80ᵃ מינא דת׳ a subspecies of t’o
שָׁת m. (b. h.; שִׁית) foundation. — Pl. שָׁתוֹת. Snh. 26ᵇ היכא … דאיקרי ש׳ where do we find that the righteous men are called foundations? (Answ. ref. to I Sam. II, 8 וישת וכ׳); Yalk. Ps. 653.
שֵׁת (b. h.) pr. n. m. Seth, son of Adam. Num. R. s. 1412 he called him שת שממנו הושתת העולם Seth (foundation), because with him the world’s foundation was laid. Cant. R. to VIII, 9; a. e.
שִׁתְּ, שֵׁת, שִׁתָּא , six, v. שִׁית IV.
שִׁת , pl. שִׁתִּין, v. שִׁית II.