One who eats food to the size of a large date, that is, the date with the kernel, or drinks a mouthful, is guilty. All kinds of food combine for the size of the date, and all liquids for the mouthful; but food and drink do not combine in the computation.
If one eats and drinks on a single occasion of obliviousness, they are liable to one sin-offering; if they have eaten and [also] done work, they are liable to two [separate] sin-offerings; if they have eaten food which is not suitable for consumption, or has drunk liquids which are not suitable for drinking, or brine or fish-brine, they are exempt [from bringing a sin-offering].
We feed a pregnant person who smells [and craves food], even unkosher [food] until they recovery. We feed a sick person on the advice of an expert [doctor]. And if there is not an expert there, we feed them on their own word, until they say enough.
מִי שֶׁאֲחָזוֹ בֻלְמוּס, מַאֲכִילִין אוֹתוֹ אֲפִלּוּ דְבָרִים טְמֵאִים, עַד שֶׁיֵּאוֹרוּ עֵינָיו.
If one is seized with a pathological craving [for food], they are to be fed even with unkosher food, until they recovers.
MISHNA: With regard to the children, one does not afflict them by withholding food on Yom Kippur; however, one trains them one year before or two years before, so that they will be accustomed to fulfill mitzvot.
Rav Huna said: One trains a healthy child of eight and nine years to fast for several hours; at ten and eleven years, they complete the fast by rabbinic law; at twelve years they complete the fast by Torah law.
And Rav Naḥman said: At nine years and ten years one trains them to fast for several hours; at eleven and twelve years they complete the fast by rabbinic law; at thirteen years they complete the fast by Torah law.
And Rabbi Yoḥanan said: There is no obligation with regard to children completing the fast by rabbinic law. Rather, at ten and eleven years, one trains them to fast for several hours; and at twelve years girls are obligated to complete their fast by Torah law.