החברה היהודית בעבר

Learn to do well; Seek justice, relieve the oppressed, Judge the fatherless, plead for the widow.

Involve yourselves in her dispute, to argue on her behalf, because she does not go out to pursue the adversary in her case.

if ye oppress not the stranger, the fatherless, and the widow, and shed not innocent blood in this place, neither walk after other gods to your hurt;

Thus saith the LORD: Execute ye justice and righteousness, and deliver the spoiled out of the hand of the oppressor; and do no wrong, do no violence, to the stranger, the fatherless, nor the widow, neither shed innocent blood in this place.

and oppress not the widow, nor the fatherless, the stranger, nor the poor; and let none of you devise evil against his brother in your heart.

Thy princes are rebellious, And companions of thieves; Every one loveth bribes, And followeth after rewards; They judge not the fatherless, Neither doth the cause of the widow come unto them.

They stray from the straight path. Payments. Targum Yonason: One man would say to his friend: Do me a favor in my judgment, and I will pay you back when I judge your case. If a judge was a thief, and the person he stole from would cry out against him before another judge, the thieving judge would say to him: Rule in my favor today, and I will repay your favor when they cry out against you before me. Thus, they chased the repayment of favors. A widow would come to bring a case, and she would meet an orphan coming out. She would ask him, "How did your case go?" and he would say, "All day I have toiled over it and in the end I was not successful." She would turn away and say, "If he, who is a man, was not successful, I will definitely not succeed." Thus: They do not judge the orphan, and the case of the widow does not even appear before them at all.

In thee have they made light of father and mother; in the midst of thee have they dealt by oppression with the stranger; in thee have they wronged the fatherless and the widow.

They slay the widow and the stranger, And murder the fatherless.