Session 2- What is Torah?
קח ולך, go and leave immediately before any person in my kingdom tries to rape her. She is too beautiful for most of my subjects to resist the temptation she represents for them. The reason why Avram did not bother to answer Pharaoh as he did Avimelech later (20,11-13) was because Avimelech had not expelled him, so that he deserved an answer.
(א) משֶׁה קִבֵּל תּוֹרָה מִסִּינַי, וּמְסָרָהּ לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ, וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ לִזְקֵנִים, וּזְקֵנִים לִנְבִיאִים, וּנְבִיאִים מְסָרוּהָ לְאַנְשֵׁי כְנֶסֶת הַגְּדוֹלָה. הֵם אָמְרוּ שְׁלשָׁה דְבָרִים, הֱווּ מְתוּנִים בַּדִּין, וְהַעֲמִידוּ תַלְמִידִים הַרְבֵּה, וַעֲשׂוּ סְיָג לַתּוֹרָה:
(1) Moses received the Torah at Sinai and transmitted it to Joshua, Joshua to the elders, and the elders to the prophets, and the prophets to the Men of the Great Assembly. They said three things: Be patient in [the administration of] justice, raise many disciples and make a fence round the Torah.
שֶׁאֵין דִּבְרֵי תּוֹרָה מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה אֶלָּא עוֹמְדִין בְּטָהֳרָתָן לְעוֹלָם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ירמיה כג כט) ״הֲלוֹא כֹה דְבָרִי כָּאֵשׁ נְאֻם יְיָ׳״ מָה אֵשׁ אֵינָהּ מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה אַף דִּבְרֵי תּוֹרָה אֵינָם מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה:
because the words of Torah cannot contract ritual impurity.
Rather, they stand in their state of purity forever, as [Jeremiah 23:29] states: "Are not my words like fire, declares the Lord." -
Just as fire is incapable of becoming ritually impure, so, too, the words of Torah are never defiled.
וכבר היה רבי טרפון וזקנים מסובין בעלית בית נתזה בלוד נשאלה שאילה זו בפניהם תלמוד גדול או מעשה גדול נענה רבי טרפון ואמר מעשה גדול נענה ר"ע ואמר תלמוד גדול נענו כולם ואמרו תלמוד גדול שהתלמוד מביא לידי מעשה
And once Rabbi Tarfon and the Elders were reclining in the attic of the House of Nitzah in Lod [and] this question was asked in front of them: Is study greater or action greater? Rabbi Tarfon answered and said, "Action is greater." Rabbi Akiva answered and said, "Study is greater." They all answered and said, "Study is greater, since study brings about action."
For study of Torah, even when pursued from interested motives, will lead to study for its own sake.
(ח) רַבָּן יוֹחָנָן בֶּן זַכַּאי קִבֵּל מֵהִלֵּל וּמִשַּׁמָּאי. הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר, אִם לָמַדְתָּ תוֹרָה הַרְבֵּה, אַל תַּחֲזִיק טוֹבָה לְעַצְמְךָ, כִּי לְכָךְ נוֹצָרְתָּ.
(8) Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai received [the oral tradition] from Hillel and Shammai.He used to say: if you have learned much Torah, do not claim credit for yourself, because for such a purpose were you created.
וירא ה' אל וגו' ויבן שם וגו'. כונת הכתוב להודיע הפלגת חיבת אברהם בקונו, כי ה' נגלה אליו ובשרו בזרע ובנתינת הארץ והוא לא החשיב בשורת ב' מעלות טובות לכלום בערך שמחתו בגילוי שכינתו יתברך אליו
וירא ה׳ אל אברם. G'd appeared to Abram. The Torah wishes to compliment Abraham on his great love for his Creator. G'd appeared to Abraham and promised him not only children but that his descendants would inherit the land he was on. Abraham considered the mere fact that G'd appeared to him as sufficient reason to build an altar for G'd.