(ד) שְׁמַ֖ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ יְהֹוָ֥ה ׀ אֶחָֽד׃ (ה) וְאָ֣הַבְתָּ֔ אֵ֖ת יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ בְּכׇל־לְבָבְךָ֥ וּבְכׇל־נַפְשְׁךָ֖ וּבְכׇל־מְאֹדֶֽךָ׃ (ו) וְהָי֞וּ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָנֹכִ֧י מְצַוְּךָ֛ הַיּ֖וֹם עַל־לְבָבֶֽךָ׃ (ז) וְשִׁנַּנְתָּ֣ם לְבָנֶ֔יךָ וְדִבַּרְתָּ֖ בָּ֑ם בְּשִׁבְתְּךָ֤ בְּבֵיתֶ֙ךָ֙ וּבְלֶכְתְּךָ֣ בַדֶּ֔רֶךְ וּֽבְשׇׁכְבְּךָ֖ וּבְקוּמֶֽךָ׃ (ח) וּקְשַׁרְתָּ֥ם לְא֖וֹת עַל־יָדֶ֑ךָ וְהָי֥וּ לְטֹטָפֹ֖ת בֵּ֥ין עֵינֶֽיךָ׃ (ט) וּכְתַבְתָּ֛ם עַל־מְזֻז֥וֹת בֵּיתֶ֖ךָ וּבִשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃ {ס}
(4) Hear, O Israel! יהוה is our God, יהוה alone.[*יהוה is our God, יהוה alone Cf. Rashbam and Ibn Ezra; see Zech. 14.9. Others “The Lord our God, the Lord is one.” ] (5) You shall love your God יהוה with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might. (6) Take to heart these instructions with which I charge you this day. (7) Impress them upon your children. Recite them when you stay at home and when you are away, when you lie down and when you get up. (8) Bind them as a sign on your hand and let them serve as a symbol*[symbol Others “frontlet”; cf. Exod. 13.16. on your forehead;*on your forehead Lit. “between your eyes”; cf. Exod. 13.9.] (9) inscribe them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.
Two paragraphs before and one paragraph after in evening: Ma'ariv Aravim, Ahavat Olam, Hashkee'veinu
(blessings composed by sages of the rabbinic period and augmented by later poets)
= most ancient part of the Jewish prayerbook
recited daily by the priests as part of their devotions in the Temple
recited two times daily by individuals during the 2nd Temple period (as early as 1st C. CE)
listening to the "word of God"
שְׁמַ֖ע
listen, hear
consider well, concentrate, understand and absorb (Sforno, Ralbag)
connotes acceptance (vs. hazon: incline the ear to punctiliously listen)
maybe: testimony
One of the main preparations for sleep is the prayer service called: “The Recital of ‘Hear O Israel’ Before Bed.”
Because the Torah teaches us to say the words of the Shema “when you lie down and when you rise up,” the custom arose to recite the Shema at night (Brachot 60b). There is a special version of the Shema, Shema al ha’mee’tah,” or the Bedtime Shema, said at night before going to sleep. It only appears in some siddurim (prayer books). It guides us to forgive those who have wronged us, and ask forgiveness from those whom we may have wronged:
The Practice:
As you lie down in your bed, take a mental accounting of your day. Did you feel hurt by what someone else did to you? Can you let it go, and forgive that person for their clumsiness, or the unhealed parts of who they are that acted out of their unhealed wounds? Did you do anything that was unkind, or unskilled to someone else? Can you ask that both they and you extend forgiveness toward you, for acting in these ways? Can you let go of your own embarrassment or shame for being an imperfect human being
רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, הֲרֵינִי מוֹחֵל לְכָל מִי שֶׁהִכְעִיס וְהִקְנִיט אוֹתִי, אוֹ שֶׁחָטָא כְּנֶגְדִּי, בֵּין בְּגוּפִי בֵּין בְּמָמוֹנִי, בֵּין בִּכְבוֹדִי בֵּין בְּכָל אֲשֶׁר לִי, בֵּין בְּאֹֽנֶס בֵּין בְּרָצוֹן, בֵּין בְּשׁוֹגֵג בֵּין בְּמֵזִיד, בֵּין בְּדִבּוּר בֵּין בְּמַעֲשֶׂה, בֵּין בְּמַחֲשָׁבָה בֵּין בְּהִרְהוּר, בֵּין בְּגִלְגוּל זֶה בֵּין בְּגִלְגוּל אַחֵר, לְכָל בַּר יִשְׂרָאֵל, וְלֹא יֵעָנֵשׁ שׁוּם אָדָם בְּסִבָּתִי. יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּפָנֶֽיךָ, יְיָ אֱלֹהַי וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתַי, שֶׁלֹּא אֶחֱטָא עוֹד, וּמַה שֶּׁחָטָֽאתִי לְפָנֶֽיךָ מְחוֹק בְּרַחֲמֶֽיךָ הָרַבִּים, אֲבָל לֹא עַל יְדֵי יִסּוּרִים וָחֳלָיִים רָעִים. יִהְיוּ לְרָצוֹן אִמְרֵי פִי וְהֶגְיוֹן לִבִּי לְפָנֶֽיךָ, יְיָ צוּרִי וְגֹאֲלִי.
Master/Source of All in the universe, I hereby forgive anyone who angered or antagonized me, or who sinned against me—whether against my body, my property, my honor, or against anything of mine; whether he did so accidentally, willfully, carelessly, or purposely; whether through speech, deed, thought, or notion, whether in this transmigration or another transmigration [i.e. this lifetime or another one]. . . May no one be punished because of me. May it be Your will, Eternal One . . .that I sin no more . . . . that I . . . . do not do what is evil in Your eyes. . . . Whatever sins I have done before You, may You blot out in Your abundant mercies, but not through suffering or harmful illnesses. May the expressions of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart find favor before You, Eternal One, my Rock and my Redeemer.
and illuminates the pupil of the eye.
May it be Your will, O Lord my God,
that You make me lie down in peace and give me my portion in Your Torah,
accustom me to mitzvot and do not accustom me to transgression,
lead me not into error, nor into iniquity, nor into temptation nor into disgrace.
May the good inclination have dominion over me
and may the evil inclination not have dominion over me.
Save me from an evil mishap and evil diseases.
Let neither bad dreams nor troubling thoughts disturb me.
May my bed be flawless before You, that my progeny should not be flawed.
Enlighten my eyes in the morning lest I sleep the sleep of death, never to awaken.
Blessed are You, O Lord, Who gives light to the whole world in His glory.
Then, recite the Shema (and perhaps the continuation of the Shema):
שְׁמַע ׀ יִשְׂרָאֵל, יְיָ ׀ אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ, יְיָ ׀ אֶחָד.
בָּרוּךְ שֵׁם כְּבוֹד מַלְכוּתוֹ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד.
Shema, Yisrael, Adonai Eloheynu Adonai Echad.
Baruch Shem k’vod malchuto, le’olam va’ed
.
וְאָהַבְתָּ אֵת יְיָ ׀ אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ, בְּכָל ׀ לְבָבְךָ, וּבְכָל נַפְשְׁךָ, וּבְכָל מְאֹדֶֽךָ. וְהָיוּ הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵֽלֶּה, אֲשֶׁר ׀ אָנֹכִי מְצַוְּךָ הַיּוֹם, עַל ׀ לְבָבֶֽךָ. וְשִׁנַּנְתָּם לְבָנֶֽיךָ, וְדִבַּרְתָּ בָּם, בְּשִׁבְתְּךָ בְּבֵיתֶֽךָ, וּבְלֶכְתְּךָ בַדֶּֽרֶךְ, וּבְשָׁכְבְּךָ, וּבְקוּמֶֽךָ. וּקְשַׁרְתָּם לְאוֹת ׀ עַל יָדֶֽךָ, וְהָיוּ לְטֹטָפֹת בֵּין ׀ עֵינֶֽיךָ. וּכְתַבְתָּם ׀ עַל מְזֻזוֹת בֵּיתֶֽךָ וּבִשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ.
V’ah’hav’tah yet Adonai eh’lo’he’cha, b’chol levav’cha, u’v’chol naf’she’cha u’v’chol meh’odecha. V’ha’yu ha’dvarim ha’eleh, asher anochi m’tzav’cha ha’yom al l’va’veh’cha. V’shee’nan’tam l’va’neh’cha, v’dee’bar’ta bam; b’sheev’t’cha b’vey’teh’cha, uv’lech’te’cha va’derech, uv’shoch’b’cha uv’koo’meh’cha. Uk’shar’tam l’ot al ya’de’cha, v’ha’yoo l’totafot beyn ey’neh’cha. Uch’tav’tam al meh’zu’zot bey’te’cha, u’vee’sha’recha.
And you shall love Adonai your G-d with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your might. And these words which I command you today, shall be on your heart. You shall teach them to your children, and speak them, when you are sitting in your house, and when you are walking on your way, when you lie down and when you rise up. And you shall bind them as a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for frontlets between your eyes. And you shall write them on the doorposts of your house, and on your gates
Finally, imagine the angelic forces of love, strength, light, and healing surrounding you, and the Divine Presence hovering above you.
Micha-el: Who is Like You, God? (Love)
Gavri-el: God’s Strength (Strength)
Uri-el: God’s Light (Light)
Rapha-el: God’s Healing (Healing)
B’sheim יהוה, Elohei Yisra·el
(In the name of God, the God of Israel):
mimini Micha·el,
(On my right is Michael,)
umis’moli Gavri·el,
(on my left is Gavriel.)
umil’fanai Uri·el,
(In front of me is Uriel,)
umei·achorai R’fa·el,
(behind me Raphael.)
v’al roshi, umei·al tachtai,
(And above my head, above my head)
Shechinat El.
(G-d’s Divine Presence).