Parshat Tzav Commandedness: On Being Obligated

But the greatest desire of all Is to be in the dream of another

To feel a light pull, like reins, To feel a heavy pull, like chains.

Yehuda Amichai

(א) וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יקוק אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃ (ב) צַ֤ו אֶֽת־אַהֲרֹן֙ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֣יו לֵאמֹ֔ר זֹ֥את תּוֹרַ֖ת הָעֹלָ֑ה הִ֣וא הָעֹלָ֡ה עַל֩ מוֹקְדָ֨הֿ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֤חַ כׇּל־הַלַּ֙יְלָה֙ עַד־הַבֹּ֔קֶר וְאֵ֥שׁ הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ תּ֥וּקַד בּֽוֹ׃
(1) יקוק spoke to Moses, saying: (2) Command Aaron and his sons thus: This is the ritual of the burnt offering: The burnt offering itself shall remain where it is burned upon the altar all night until morning, while the fire on the altar is kept going on it.

It is critical to emphasize that the journey the Israelites take — from one building project to another — transforms them from slaves of an earthly ruler to servants of a Heavenly One. Freedom, as imagined by the book of Exodus, is decidedly not about casting off the burdens of service altogether. In fact, it says a great deal about our secularized society and its often impoverished conceptions of freedom, that while we often cite the demand that Pharaoh “let my people go!” we omit the telos of that call, “that they may serve Me.” Perhaps we should make the point differently: The Torah is passionately concerned with a journey from slavery to freedom, but it imagines freedom in ways that are different from (one is tempted to say antithetical to) the ways freedom is commonly spoken of in contemporary terms, in capitalist, consumerist America. Doing whatever I want whenever I want, is arguably not freedom at all, but enslavement to impulse. The depths of freedom are discovered not in self-assertion but in rare moments of authentic self-transcendence. Authentic freedom, Jewish theology insists, is found in service to something (and Someone) greater than oneself.

Rabbi Dr. Shai Held, Sh'ma, A Journal of Jewish Ideas, September 2013,From ‘Avdut’ to ‘Avodah’:Between Slavery and Service

https://www.bjpa.org/content/upload/bjpa/sept/SEPT13_shma_r1_lr.pdf

(שמות יט, יז) ויתיצבו בתחתית ההר א"ר אבדימי בר חמא בר חסא מלמד שכפה הקב"ה עליהם את ההר כגיגית ואמר להם אם אתם מקבלים התורה מוטב ואם לאו שם תהא קבורתכם א"ר אחא בר יעקב מכאן מודעא רבה לאורייתא אמר רבא אעפ"כ הדור קבלוה בימי אחשורוש דכתיב (אסתר ט, כז) קימו וקבלו היהודים קיימו מה שקיבלו כבר
"And they stood at the bottom of the mountain (Exodus 19:17)-" Rabbi Avdimi the son of Chama the son of Chasa said, "This teaches that the Holy One, Blessed be He, held the mountain over them like a barrel and said, 'If you accept the Torah, it is good. And if not, here shall be your graves.'" Rav Acha Bar Yaakov said, "From here there is a great claim against the Torah!" Rav said, "Even so, they accepted it again [willingly] in the days of Ahasuerus, as it is written, (Esther 9:27) 'They upheld and accepted' - they upheld what they already accepted."
וְאָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא וּמָה מִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְצֻוֶּוה וְעוֹשֶׂה כָּךְ מְצֻוֶּוה וְעוֹשֶׂה עַל אַחַת כַּמָּה וְכַמָּה דְּאָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא גָּדוֹל מְצֻוֶּוה וְעוֹשֶׂה מִמִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְצֻוֶּוה וְעוֹשֶׂה
And Rabbi Ḥanina says: And if this is related about one who is not commanded by the Torah to honor his father, as Dama was a gentile, and nevertheless when he performs the mitzva he is given this great reward, all the more so is one rewarded who is commanded to fulfill a mitzva and performs it. As Rabbi Ḥanina says: Greater is one who is commanded to do a mitzva and performs it than one who is not commanded to do a mitzva and performs it.

Emmanuel Levinas, "Transcendence and Height," Basic Philosophical Writings (Bloomington: Indiana University Press), p. 17.

The epiphany of the Absolutely Other is a face by which the Other Challenges and commands me through his nakedness, through his destitution. He challenges me from his humility and from his height…

You may be a preacher with your spiritual pride
You may be a city councilman taking bribes on the side
You may be workin' in a barbershop, you may know how to cut hair
You may be somebody's mistress, may be somebody's heir

But you're gonna have to serve somebody
Yes, you're gonna have to serve somebody (serve somebody)
Well, it may be the devil or it may be the Lord
But you're gonna have to serve somebody (serve somebody)

Bob Dylan

אמרו רז״ל שכר מצוה מצוה, רצה לומר שהשם יתברך נתן לנו המצות כדי להדבק על ידיהם בהשם יתברך, וזהו שכר מצוה הוא מצוה, לשון צוותא, דהיינו שנדבק על ידי בהשם יתברך ואין לך שכר גדול מזה.

The rabbis of the Talmud said "the reward for a mitzvah is a mitzvah," that is to say, that God gave us commandments so that we might thereby cleave to God. Thus, the reward for a mitzvah is mitzvah, that is, tzavta (joining together), for, by means [of performing a mitzvah] one cleaves with God, and there is no greater reward than that...

Chernobyl Rabbi

(א) וְזֶה לְשׁוֹן מִצְוָה שֶׁהוּא לְשׁוֹן הִתְחַבְּרוּת, מִלְּשׁוֹן צַוְתָא וְחִבּוּר, (יט) כִּי עַל-יְדֵי כָּל מִצְוָה וּמִצְוָה מִמִּצְוֹת הַתּוֹרָה מְצַוְּתִין וּמְקַשְּׁרִין וּמְחַבְּרִין אוֹר הַזְּרִיחָה שֶׁל הרשימו אֶל כְּלֵי הַמֹּחִין, שֶׁעַל-יְדֵי זֶה מְקֻשָּׁרִין בּוֹ יִתְבָּרַךְ...

The term “Mitzvah” can connote “relationship” as in - “Tzavta” and connection. Because through each Mitzvah of the Torah, one connects, ties and forms bonds between the “light of the divine glow” to the “consciousness”, in this way one becomes tied to G-d...

לְמַעַן תִּזְכְּרוּ וַעֲשִׂיתֶם אֶת כָּל מִצְוֹתָי, מָשָׁל לְאֶחָד מֻשְׁלָךְ לְתוֹךְ הַמַּיִם, הוֹשִׁיט הַקַּבַּרְנִיט אֶת הַחֶבֶל וְאָמַר לוֹ תְּפֹס חֶבֶל זֶה בְּיָדְךָ וְאַל תַּנִּיחֵהוּ, שֶׁאִם תַּנִּיחֵהוּ אֵין לְךָ חַיִּים. אַף כָּךְ אָמַר לָהֶם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁאַתֶּם מְדֻבָּקִין בַּמִּצְוֹת (דברים ד, ד): וְאַתֶּם הַדְּבֵקִים בַּיקוק אֱלֹקֵיכֶם חַיִּים כֻּלְכֶם הַיּוֹם.

(6) EXCERPT......(B-Midbar 15;40) "So that you will remember and do all my mitzvot." This is comparable to one who was thrown into the sea. The captain extended a rope to him and said: 'Catch this rope in your hand and don't let it go, for if you let it go, you will have no life.' Even so, the Holy One (blessed be He) said to Israel: The whole time that you cleave to the mitzvot - (Dvarim 4:4) "And you who cleave to Ha-shem your God, you are all living today." And similarly it says (Mishlei 4:13): "Hold tight to tradition/musar, don't let it alone, keep it safe, for it is your life."...
(ח) הִגִּ֥יד לְךָ֛ אָדָ֖ם מַה־טּ֑וֹב וּמָֽה־יקוק דּוֹרֵ֣שׁ מִמְּךָ֗ כִּ֣י אִם־עֲשׂ֤וֹת מִשְׁפָּט֙ וְאַ֣הֲבַת חֶ֔סֶד וְהַצְנֵ֥עַ לֶ֖כֶת עִם־אֱלֹקֶֽיךָ׃ {ס}
(8) “He has told you, O man, what is good,
And what the LORD requires of you:
Only to do justice
And to love goodness,
And to walk modestly with your God;-c

הִגִיד לְךָ אָדָם מַה טוֹב

וּמָה אֱלקִים מְבַקֵֹש מִמְךָ.

נַנִיחַ לַמֻפְלָא בּהֵיכלוֹ.

דַי לוֹמַר

הִגִיד לְךָ אָדָם מַה טוֹב.

אַתָּה חַיָב להִתְפּנּוֹת

וּמַה פֵּרוּש חַיָב?

חַיָב.

הִנֵּה פֹּה לִימִינְךָ אָדָם

עוֹדֶנּוּ נַעַר.

יֵֹש לוֹ גַם קְֹשָיִים ֹשֶל פַּרְנָסָה,

גַּם ֹשֶל זֶהוּת.

בַּלַיְלָה הוּא נֶחְנָק

מֵחֲרָדָה, לֹא מִתְעוּקָה נְֹשִימָתִית.

כַּמָּה הֵם מִתְעַנִים בַּצֹּרֶךְ לִידִידוּת

קְצָת מְחֻיֶבֶת,

הַנְּעָרִים הָאֵלֶּה בַּפָּנִים הַחֲמוּרוֹת.

וְגַם רָזִים כָּל כּךְ,

אִלוּ אֲנִי אִמָּם

הִייתִי בְּלִי סָפֵק אִֹשָּה קוֹדֶרֶת.

מַה יֶש לוֹמַר

הַכֹּל צְמֵאִים לְאַהֲבָה

וְזֶה עִנְיָן מַֹשְפִּיל

וְזֶה גַם רֶגַע ֹשֶל חֻלְֹשָה.

אַךְ יֵֹש לִי הֶעָזָה לוֹמַר

כֻּלָּם צְמֵאִים לְאַהֲבָה,

וּמִי ֹשֶלֹא יִמְזֹג כּוֹס מַיִם לַצָּמֵא

סופו ֹשֶיְּעַלַע רַק את הָרֹק אֲֹשֶר בְּפִיו

עַד סוֹף יָמָיו.

And Sympathy is All We Need, My Friend

He has told you, O man, what is good

And what God asks of you.

Let us leave the Wondrous One in His Palace.

It is enough to say

He has told you, O man, what is good.

You must make room.

And what is the meaning of must?
Must.

See here, to your right, is a man

Still a boy.

He has difficulties with making a livelihood

And also with his identity.

At night, he chokes – from fear, not from respiratory constriction.

How they suffer, these young men with their pale faces,

From the need for friendship that is just a little committed.

And they’re so thin too.

If I were their mother I would undoubtedly be a gloomy woman.

What is there to say?
Everything is thirsty for love.

It is a humbling matter

And also a moment of weakness.

Everyone is thirsty for love.

And I have the audacity to say

Whoever will not pour a cup of water for the thirsty

Will end up swallowing only the saliva

In his own mouth

Until the end of his days.

Dahlia Ravikovitch