(יח) וַיִּֽהְי֣וּ בְנֵי־נֹ֗חַ הַיֹּֽצְאִים֙ מִן־הַתֵּבָ֔ה שֵׁ֖ם וְחָ֣ם וָיָ֑פֶת וְחָ֕ם ה֖וּא אֲבִ֥י כְנָֽעַן׃ (יט) שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה אֵ֖לֶּה בְּנֵי־נֹ֑חַ וּמֵאֵ֖לֶּה נָֽפְצָ֥ה כָל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ (כ) וַיָּ֥חֶל נֹ֖חַ אִ֣ישׁ הָֽאֲדָמָ֑ה וַיִּטַּ֖ע כָּֽרֶם׃ (כא) וַיֵּ֥שְׁתְּ מִן־הַיַּ֖יִן וַיִּשְׁכָּ֑ר וַיִּתְגַּ֖ל בְּת֥וֹךְ אָהֳלֹֽה׃ (כב) וַיַּ֗רְא חָ֚ם אֲבִ֣י כְנַ֔עַן אֵ֖ת עֶרְוַ֣ת אָבִ֑יו וַיַּגֵּ֥ד לִשְׁנֵֽי־אֶחָ֖יו בַּחֽוּץ׃ (כג) וַיִּקַּח֩ שֵׁ֨ם וָיֶ֜פֶת אֶת־הַשִּׂמְלָ֗ה וַיָּשִׂ֙ימוּ֙ עַל־שְׁכֶ֣ם שְׁנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ אֲחֹ֣רַנִּ֔ית וַיְכַסּ֕וּ אֵ֖ת עֶרְוַ֣ת אֲבִיהֶ֑ם וּפְנֵיהֶם֙ אֲחֹ֣רַנִּ֔ית וְעֶרְוַ֥ת אֲבִיהֶ֖ם לֹ֥א רָאֽוּ׃ (כד) וַיִּ֥יקֶץ נֹ֖חַ מִיֵּינ֑וֹ וַיֵּ֕דַע אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־עָ֥שָׂה־ל֖וֹ בְּנ֥וֹ הַקָּטָֽן׃ (כה) וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אָר֣וּר כְּנָ֑עַן עֶ֥בֶד עֲבָדִ֖ים יִֽהְיֶ֥ה לְאֶחָֽיו׃ (כו) וַיֹּ֕אמֶר בָּר֥וּךְ ה' אֱלֹ֣קֵי שֵׁ֑ם וִיהִ֥י כְנַ֖עַן עֶ֥בֶד לָֽמוֹ׃ (כז) יַ֤פְתְּ אֱלֹקִים֙ לְיֶ֔פֶת וְיִשְׁכֹּ֖ן בְּאָֽהֳלֵי־שֵׁ֑ם וִיהִ֥י כְנַ֖עַן עֶ֥בֶד לָֽמוֹ׃
(18) The sons of Noah who came out of the ark were Shem, Ham, and Japheth—Ham being the father of Canaan. (19) These three were the sons of Noah, and from these the whole world branched out. (20) Noah, the tiller of the soil, was the first to plant a vineyard. (21) He drank of the wine and became drunk, and he uncovered himself within his tent. (22) Ham, the father of Canaan, saw his father’s nakedness and told his two brothers outside. (23) But Shem and Japheth took a cloth, placed it against both their backs and, walking backward, they covered their father’s nakedness; their faces were turned the other way, so that they did not see their father’s nakedness. (24) When Noah woke up from his wine and learned what his youngest son had done to him, (25) he said, “Cursed be Canaan; The lowest of slaves Shall he be to his brothers.” (26) And he said, “Blessed be the LORD, The God of Shem; Let Canaan be a slave to them. (27) May God enlarge Japheth, And let him dwell in the tents of Shem; And let Canaan be a slave to them.”
(ב) וַיֹּאמֶר אָרוּר כְּנָעַן וְגוֹ', חָם רָאָהוּ לִכְנַעַן נִתְקַלֵּל. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אֵין הַקְּלָלָה שׁוֹכֶנֶת בִּמְקוֹם הַבְּרָכָה, שֶׁהֲרֵי בֵּרַךְ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא נֹחַ וּבָנָיו שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיְבָרֶךְ אֱלֹקִים אֶת נֹחַ וְאֵת בָּנָיו וּכְנַעַן נִתְעַבֵּר בַּתֵּבָה, רַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה אוֹמֵר כְּנַעַן רָאָה וְהִגִּיד לְחָם אָבִיו וְחָזְרָה קְלָלָה לְעִקָּרָהּ לְפִיכָךְ וַיֹּאמֶר אָרוּר כְנָעַן,
(ג) וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ אָמְרוּ עַד שֶׁהָיָה נֹחַ בַתֵּבָה אָמַר בְּלִבּוֹ, הַלְוַאי שֶׁיִּהְיוּ לְבָנַי אֵלּוּ עֲבָדִים, שֶׁיִּהְיוּ בָּנַי יוֹשְׁבִין וַעֲבָדִים מְשַׁמְּשִׁין לִפְנֵיהֶם, אֶלָּא כְּשֶׁאֵצֵא מִכָּאן מַה שֶּׁאֲנִי מוֹלִיד אֶעֱשֶׂה אוֹתָן עֲבָדִים לָהֶם. מִיָּד אָמַר לְחָם, אַתָּה לֹא הִנַּחְתָּ לִי לְהוֹלִיד בֵּן רְבִיעִי שֶׁיְּהֵא עֶבֶד, לְפִיכָךְ בֵּן רְבִיעִי שֶׁאַתָּה מוֹלִיד יִהְיֶה עֶבֶד. וַיֹּאמֶר אָרוּר כְּנָעַן, עַל דַּעְתֵּהּ דְּמָאן דְּאָמַר שֶׁחָם עָמַד וְסֵרַס אֶת אָבִיו.
(2) And he said: Cursed be Canaan. Though Ham observed his father’s nakedness, Canaan was cursed. R. Judah said: Inasmuch as a curse cannot prevail where a blessing has already been pronounced, and the Holy One, blessed He, had already blessed Noah and his sons, as it is said: And God blessed Noah and his sons (Gen. 9:1), Canaan must have been born while they were in the ark. R. Nehemiah held: Canaan had actually discovered Noah’s nakedness and had informed his father, Ham, concerning it. Therefore, this curse was directed against the one who was responsible for the sin (that was committed). Hence, it is written: Cursed be Canaan.
(3) Our sages stated: While Noah was in the ark, he said to himself: Would that my sons possessed slaves so that they might remain seated while being served. When I depart from this place, I shall produce a descendant who will be their slave. Following this incident, he said to Ham: You prevented me from begetting a fourth son who would serve you, therefore your fourth son shall become a slave. Hence, he said: Cursed be Canaan. This is the opinion of those who contend that Ham castrated his father.
אמר רבי ברכיה: הרבה צער נצטער נח בתיבה, שלא היה לו בן קטן שישמשנו. אמר: לכשאצא אני מעמיד לי בן קטן שישמשני, כיון שעשה לו חם אותו מעשה. אמר: אתה מנעת אותי מלהעמיד לי בן קטן שישמשני, לפיכך יהיה אותו האיש עבד לאחיו, שהן עבדים לי. ר' הונא בשם ר' יוסף אמר: אתה מנעת אותי מלעשות דבר שהוא באפילה, לפיכך יהיה אותו האיש כעור ומפוחם.
Rabbi Berechia said: Noach was very distraught in the ark, that he didn't have a young son to serve him. He said, "When I get out [of the ark], I will have a young child to serve me." When Ham did his act, [Noach] said, "You prevented me from having a young child to serve me, therefore [Ham] will be a servant to his brothers, who are servants to me. Rav Huna said in the name of the Rav Yosef: [Noach said], "You prevented me from doing an act in the dark, therefore you will be ugly and dark."
וכנען ילד את צדון בכורו ... נתנה הקב"ה בעת הפלגה לכנען מפני היותו עבד לשמור אותה לישראל כאדם שמפקיד נכסי בן האדון לעבדו עד שיגדל ויזכה בנכסים וגם בעבד ועוד אבאר בעזרת האל יתעלה (דברים ב כג)
"And Canaan begot Tzidon his firstborn"... Hashem gave the Land of Israel to Canaan because he was a servant so he could guard it for the Jewish people like a person who entrusts his son's possessions to his servant until the son grows up and takes title to his possessions and the servant.
אמר רבי יוסי ב"ר דוסא: כנען הוא אליעזר, ועל ידי ששרת אותו צדיק באמונה, יצא מכלל ארור לכלל ברוך.
Rabbi Yosi ben Dosa said, Canaan is Eliezer, and because he served the righteous one [Abraham] with faith, he left the category of cursed and became blessed.
דור המדבר הי' בחינת תורה ועתה התחיל בחי' תפלה.
The generation of the dessert was the aspect of Torah and the generation entering the Land of Israel was the aspect of prayer.