וַיֵּצֵ֥א יַעֲקֹ֖ב מִבְּאֵ֣ר שָׁ֑בַע וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ חָרָֽנָה׃ וַיִּפְגַּ֨ע בַּמָּק֜וֹם וַיָּ֤לֶן שָׁם֙ כִּי־בָ֣א הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ וַיִּקַּח֙ מֵאַבְנֵ֣י הַמָּק֔וֹם וַיָּ֖שֶׂם מְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֑יו וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב בַּמָּק֥וֹם הַהֽוּא׃ וַֽיַּחֲלֹ֗ם וְהִנֵּ֤ה סֻלָּם֙ מֻצָּ֣ב אַ֔רְצָה וְרֹאשׁ֖וֹ מַגִּ֣יעַ הַשָּׁמָ֑יְמָה וְהִנֵּה֙ מַלְאֲכֵ֣י אֱלֹקִ֔ים עֹלִ֥ים וְיֹרְדִ֖ים בּֽוֹ׃ וְהִנֵּ֨ה ה' נִצָּ֣ב עָלָיו֮ וַיֹּאמַר֒ אֲנִ֣י ה' אֱלֹקֵי֙ אַבְרָהָ֣ם אָבִ֔יךָ וֵאלֹקֵ֖י יִצְחָ֑ק הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתָּה֙ שֹׁכֵ֣ב עָלֶ֔יהָ לְךָ֥ אֶתְּנֶ֖נָּה וּלְזַרְעֶֽךָ׃ וְהָיָ֤ה זַרְעֲךָ֙ כַּעֲפַ֣ר הָאָ֔רֶץ וּפָרַצְתָּ֛ יָ֥מָּה וָקֵ֖דְמָה וְצָפֹ֣נָה וָנֶ֑גְבָּה וְנִבְרְכ֥וּ בְךָ֛ כׇּל־מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הָאֲדָמָ֖ה וּבְזַרְעֶֽךָ׃ וְהִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֜י עִמָּ֗ךְ וּשְׁמַרְתִּ֙יךָ֙ בְּכֹ֣ל אֲשֶׁר־תֵּלֵ֔ךְ וַהֲשִׁ֣בֹתִ֔יךָ אֶל־הָאֲדָמָ֖ה הַזֹּ֑את כִּ֚י לֹ֣א אֶֽעֱזׇבְךָ֔ עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִם־עָשִׂ֔יתִי אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי לָֽךְ׃ וַיִּיקַ֣ץ יַעֲקֹב֮ מִשְּׁנָתוֹ֒ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אָכֵן֙ יֵ֣שׁ ה' בַּמָּק֖וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וְאָנֹכִ֖י לֹ֥א יָדָֽעְתִּי׃ וַיִּירָא֙ וַיֹּאמַ֔ר מַה־נּוֹרָ֖א הַמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה אֵ֣ין זֶ֗ה כִּ֚י אִם־בֵּ֣ית אֱלֹקִ֔ים וְזֶ֖ה שַׁ֥עַר הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃ וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם יַעֲקֹ֜ב בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֶת־הָאֶ֙בֶן֙ אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֣ם מְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֔יו וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֹתָ֖הּ מַצֵּבָ֑ה וַיִּצֹ֥ק שֶׁ֖מֶן עַל־רֹאשָֽׁהּ׃ וַיִּקְרָ֛א אֶת־שֵֽׁם־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַה֖וּא בֵּֽית־אֵ֑ל וְאוּלָ֛ם ל֥וּז שֵׁם־הָעִ֖יר לָרִאשֹׁנָֽה׃
Jacob left Beer-sheba, and set out for Haran. He came upon a certain place and stopped there for the night, for the sun had set. Taking one of the stones of that place, he put it under his head and lay down in that place. He had a dream; a stairway was set on the ground and its top reached to the sky, and messengers of God were going up and down on it. And standing beside him was ה', who said, “I am ה', the God of your father Abraham’s [house] and the God of Isaac’s [house]: the ground on which you are lying I will assign to you and to your offspring. Your descendants shall be as the dust of the earth; you shall spread out to the west and to the east, to the north and to the south. All the families of the earth shall bless themselves by you and your descendants. Remember, I am with you: I will protect you wherever you go and will bring you back to this land. I will not leave you until I have done what I have promised you.” Jacob awoke from his sleep and said, “Surely Hashem is present in this place, and I did not know it!” Shaken, he said, “How awesome is this place! This is none other than the abode of God, and that is the gateway to heaven.” Early in the morning, Jacob took the stone that he had put under his head and set it up as a pillar and poured oil on the top of it. He named that site Bethel; but previously the name of the city had been Luz.
We will see five different ways to find God, all based on this narrative:
Stay awake! (Rashi)
Go to sleep! (Rav Moshe)
Slow down! (Rashi, Piacezna)
"Take your places!" (Sforno)
Forget the place (Ha-Ketav va-Ha-Kabbalah)
Quit learning! (Maor va-Shemesh)
Ignore the Self / Bitul Ha-Yesh (Tiferet Shlomo)
Focus on the Self (Rav Kook)
Open ourselves to relationship (Jeffrey M Cohen)
ואנכי לא ידעתי AND I KNEW IT NOT — for had I known it I would not have slept in such a holy place as this.
When might you be sleeping and oblivious to God's presence? What holy places or spaces do you take for granted?
Go to sleep!
Darash Moshe (R Moshe Feinstein), Vayeitzei
...We must understand what is it about sleep that the Holy One so badly wanted [Jacob] to sleep and in the holy place?...for Jacob engaged in Torah study for 14 years without any materialism (gashmiut), for he did not even sleep at all, this is something only applicable to Jacob for he is the choicest of the forefathers (bechir avot)...but the essence that we need to understand is that the Holy One gave the Torah to human beings in this world, that they need to sustain (themselves?) and enable the study of Torah and fulfill the mitzvot in material ways, to eat and to drink and to sleep and take care of all bodily needs - and when a whole person does this to sustain themselves, also sleep and all bodily activities are considered like their Torah study...now Jacob knows that sleep - since it is for physical enjoyment/benefit - when a person needs it, it itself is a mitzvah and is important in the eyes of Hashem. (translation: LB)
Have you ever felt you were fulfilling a mitzvah of sleep? Or that a deep sleep enhanced your spiritual life?
Slow down!
ויפגע. כְּמוֹ וּפָגַע בִּירִיחוֹ וּפָגַע בְּדַבָּשֶׁת (יהושע ט"ז וי"ט) וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ פֵּרְשׁוּ לְשׁוֹן תְּפִלָּה (ברכות כ"ו), כְּמוֹ וְאַל תִּפְגַּע בִּי (ירמיהו ז'), וְלָמַדְנוּ שֶׁתִּקֵּן תְּפִלַּת עַרְבִית. וְשִׁנָּה הַכָּתוּב וְלֹא כָּתַב וַיִּתְפַּלֵּל, לְלַמֶּדְךָ שֶׁקָּפְצָה לוֹ הָאָרֶץ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁמְּפֹרָשׁ בְּפֶרֶק גִּיד הַנָּשֶׁה (חולין צ"א):
ויפגע AND HE LIGHTED — ... Our Rabbis explained it in the sense of “praying”, just as (Jeremiah 7:16) “Neither make intercession (תפגע) to me”. Thus we may learn that Jacob originated the custom of Evening Prayer. Scripture purposely changed the usual word for “praying”, not writing יתפלל, “And he prayed” (which would have been the more appropriate word, but ויפגע which means to hit upon a place unexpectedly), to teach you also that the ground shrunk before him (the journey was miraculously shortened) as it is explained in the Chapter גיד הנשה (Chullin 91b).
וישב, בִּקֵּשׁ יַעֲקֹב לֵישֵׁב בְּשַׁלְוָה, קָפַץ עָלָיו רָגְזוֹ שֶׁל יוֹסֵף – צַדִּיקִים מְבַקְּשִׁים לֵישֵׁב בְּשַׁלְוָה, אָמַר הַקָּבָּ"ה לֹא דַיָּן לַצַּדִּיקִים מַה שֶּׁמְּתֻקָּן לָהֶם לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, אֶלָּא שֶׁמְּבַקְּשִׁים לֵישֵׁב בְּשַׁלְוָה בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה:
וישב AND HE ABODE — Jacob wished to live at ease, but this trouble in connection with Joseph suddenly came upon him. When the righteous wish to live at ease, the Holy one, blessed be He), says to them: “Are not the righteous satisfied with what is stored up for them in the world to come that they wish to live at ease in this world too! (Genesis Rabbah 84:3)
Anochi here could refer to myself, as in “I didn’t know myself before this moment.” Or it could refer to Anochi, God, the same Anochi that speaks at Sinai...
The Piaczezner Rebbe, in his work Derekh Hamelech, elaborates on this point. “The knowledge of God is not some external exercise of the mind alone, like other kinds of knowledge which can be forgotten or hidden when one thinks about other things. Rather, it must enter into his soul and become part of his essence, like the knowledge of his own essence. And it must be with him all the time, whether he is asleep or awake...."...When Jacob says he didn’t know God and did not know himself, he means that he did not yet cultivate in himself the ability to be aware of God’s full presence, or his own.
The Piaczezner emphasizes the practice of hashkatah, quieting the mind. To truly pray, and to truly hear the voice of God and our own voices, we have to slow down. Young Jacob is a man in motion, a person on the run. We can imagine him holding a cell phone, making deals, regularly checking Esau’s Facebook status. He has not yet learned the discipline of awareness, of quiet. He has not yet learned to recognize that God is in all places, and that we, we can know–if only we give ourselves the time and space and skill to look.
If you could slow down in order to connect with something or some-One deeper, what would that look like? In what ways does the rushing to-and-fro of life harm your spiritual life?
אכן יש ה' במקום הזה, there can be no question that this is a location from where the gift of prophetic insights is dispensed, seeing that I have been granted such an insight without even having expected it or prepared myself for it spiritually. It is a fact that the characteristics of a person undergo changes in the land of Israel just as the climate and very air in this country are different, contribute to one’s mental and spiritual progress. Our sages have phrased this (Baba Batra 158) as “the very air of the Land of Israel makes one wiser.”
ואנכי לא ידעתי, if I had realised the special distinction of this site I would have prepared myself mentally for receiving these Divine insights.
Are there places you are able to connect without any prep, coming in with any mindset? What about the spaces make it so?
...ומלבד זה מוכח מסדור מלות המאמר שאינו מדבר מקדושת המקום, דא"כ היה לו להקדים המקום להשם ולומר "במקום הזה יש ה"'...
...Furthermore, we can see from the order of his words that he did not speak about the holiness of the place. For if so he would have said "in this place, God is" instead of "God was in this place."
ויחלום והנה כו' ויקץ יעקב משנתו ויאמר אכן יש ה' במקום הזה ואנכי לא ידעתי כו' אין זה כי אם בית אלקים וזה שער השמים איתא במדרש [בראשית רבה סט:ז] ויקץ יעקב ממשנתו, והוא תמוה. ונראה לבאר דהנה ידוע שעיקר עבודת האדם לבא לתכלית השלימות בעבודתו יתברך שמו להשיג אלוקותו יתברך שמו הוא על ידי התורה והתפלה. ולא יוכל להיות אחד בלא שני כי לא עם הארץ חסיד, וגם בתורה לחוד לא ישלים נפשו כמאמר חכמינו ז"ל כל האומר אין אלא תורה אין לו תורה, כי בודאי על ידי עסק התורה לשמה יכול לבא לקדושה גדולה כשלומד לשמה ומדבק עצמו בנפשו רוחו ונשמתו באותיות התורה, אמנם אף על פי כן לא יוכל לבא לעיקר היראה והאהבה וההשתוקקות לעבודתו יתברך שמו ולהשיג אלוקותו רק על ידי התפלה במסירות נפש ובהתלהבות כידוע מכל ספרי הקדושים. והנה ידוע מאמר חכמינו ז"ל ויפגע במקום שתיקן תפלת ערבית, הנה לא ידע עד עתה סוד התפלה איך היא גדולה. ומצינו שנטמן יעקב בבית מדרשו של שם ועבר ולמד תורה, נמצא ידע סוד התורה. אמנם לא בא להתגלות אלוקותו יתברך שמו עד עתה שנתגלה עליו אחר שעמד על סוד התפלה.
וזה פירוש המדרש ויקץ יעקב משנתו ממשנתו, רצה לומר מתורתו, שנתעורר על ידי התפלה הזאת והבין שלא בא לתכלית ההשגה על ידי התורה לחוד. ואמר אכן יש ה' במקום הזה, רצה לומר על ידי התפלה הזאת יוכל להבין יותר התגלות אלוקות ממה שהשיג עד עתה על ידי התורה לחוד, ואנכי לא ידעתי סוד זה אין זה כי אם בית אלוקים, רצה לומר כי על ידי התפלה בהתעוררות והתלהבות יכול האדם לבא ליראת הרוממות.
There is a midrash [in Genesis Rabbah 69:7] that says that Jacob awoke not from his sleep (mishnato) but from his Mishnayot (mimishnato). From this we learn that the essence of a person's worship is to come to perfect service of God and to grasp the meaning of God through both Torah and tefilla. hTere cannot be one without the other, because an ignoramus does not become a pious Hasid; and conversely, one who says, “there is nothing in the world for me except Torah” does not have even Torah. It is true that by studying Torah for the sake of heaven and cleaving one’s soul and one’s very being to the letters of the Torah, a person can achieve great holiness; but a person can only truly fear and love and yearn for God through prayer, and through the surrendering of the self that prayer entails, as we know from all our holy books. Our sages of blessed memory taught that when Jacob had his dream at Beit El, he established the evening prayer, Arvit. Until this point, Jacob had not known the secret of prayer. God did not reveal Himself to him until he became aware of its tremendous power.
And this is the meaning of the midrash that says that Jacob awoke from his Mishnayot – that is, he awoke from his study of Torah, for he had been studying for fourteen years in the yeshiva of Shem and Ever [between his exit from Beer Sheba and his journey to Haran]. Upon awakening, he realized that Torah alone would not bring him to a full awareness of God. Jacob said, “Surely the Lord is present” – meaning that through prayer, he was able to better understand God than he ever could through Torah alone. “And I did not know it” – meaning that I did not know the tremendous power of prayer, which enables us to come to know God in full fervor, and brings us, therefore, to the gates of heaven.
...כי אנכי לא ידעתי שלא ידעתי מעצמי כלל ולא כוונתי לעצמי כלל רק ליחוד קבה"ו...
This “I, I did not know,” means I did not know myself at all. I was not aware of myself at all, but only of the unity of the Holy One, Blessed Be He.
Do you ever find yourself getting in the way of your relationship with God? Because of insecurity, cynicism, ego, pride, or something else? What could it look like to get out of your own way?
צז. בקשת האני העצמי
ואני בתוך הגולה, האני הפנימי העצמי...חטאנו עם אבותינו, חטא האדם הראשון, שנתנכר לעצמיותו, שפנה לדעתו של נחש, ואבד את עצמו, לא ידע להשיב תשובה ברורה על שאלת איך, מפני שלא ידע נפשו, מפני שהאניות האמיתית נאבדה ממנו, בחטא ההשתחואה לאל זר, חטא ישראל, זה אחרי אלקי נכר, את אניותו העצמית עזב, זנח ישראל טוב...וכה הולך העולם וצולל באבדן האני של כל אחד, של הפרט ושל הכלל. באים מחנכים מלומדים, מסתכלים בחיצוניות, מסיחים דעה גם הם מן האני, ומוסיפים תבן על המדורה, משקים את הצמאים בחומץ, מפטמים את המוחות ואת הלבבות בכל מה שהוא חוץ מהם, והאני הולך ומשתכח, וכיון שאין אני, אין הוא, וקל וחומר שאין אתה. רוח אפינו משיח ד', זהו גבורתו הדר גדלו, איננו מבחוץ לנו, רוח אפינו הוא, א ת ד' אלקינו ודוד מלכנו נבקש, אל ה' ואל טובו נפחד, את האני שלנו נבקש, את עצמנו נבקש ונמצא, הסר כל אלקי נכר, הסר כל זר וממזר, וידעתם כי אני ה' אלקיכם, המוציא אתכם מארץ מצרים להיות לכם לאלקים, אני ה'.
(1) “I am in the midst of the exile” (Ezekiel 1:1). The inner, essential “I"...“We and our forefathers sinned” (Psalms 106:6). Adam sinned. He was alienated from his essence. He turned to the consciousness of the serpent and lost himself. He did not know how to give a clear answer to the question, “Where are you?” (Genesis 3:9), because he did not know himself, because he had lost [his] true “I,” with [his] sin of bowing to a strange god. [The nation of] Israel sinned. It “ran after foreign gods” (Deuteronomy 31:16). It abandoned its essential “I.” “Israel rejected goodness” (Hosea 8:3)...Thus does the world continue to sink, with the loss of the “I” of every [entity] – of the individual and of the whole. Learned educators come and focus on the superficial. They too remove their consciousness from the “I.” They add straw to the fire, give vinegar to the thirsty, and fatten minds and hearts with everything that is external to them. And the “I” grows progressively forgotten. And when there is no “I,” there is no “He,” and how much more is there no “You.” The Messiah is called “the breath of our nostrils, the anointed one of God” (Lamentations 4:20). This is his might, the beauty of his greatness: [that] he is not outside of us. He is the breath of our nostrils. Let us seek Hashem our God and David our king. Let us tremble before God and His goodness. Let us seek our “I.” Let us seek ourselves – and find. Remove all foreign gods, remove every stranger and illegitimate one. Then “you will know that I am Hashem your God, Who takes you out of the land of Egypt to be your God. I am Hashem your God” (cf. Numbers 15:41).
רַבִּי חוּנְיָא אָמַר נִדְמָה לוֹ בִּדְמוּת רוֹעֶה, לָזֶה צֹאן וְלָזֶה צֹאן, לָזֶה גְּמַלִּים וְלָזֶה גְּמַלִּים, אָמַר לוֹ הַעֲבֵר אֶת שֶׁלְּךָ וְאַחַר כָּךְ אֲנִי מַעֲבִיר אֶת שֶׁלִּי. הֶעֱבִיר יַעֲקֹב אָבִינוּ שֶׁלּוֹ אָמַר נַחֲזֹר וְנֶחְמֵי דִּלְּמָא אַנְשִׁינַן כְּלוּם, מִן דְּחָזַר (בראשית לב, כה): וַיֵּאָבֵק אִישׁ עִמּוֹ.
אכן יש ד' במקום הזה ואנכי לא ידעתי הענין מבואר עם הפסוק וארא אל אברהם יצחק ויעקב באל שדי ושמי ד' לא נודעתי להם ועיין רש"י ומדרש ולכן בכל הספר לא תמצא אני ד' רק אני אל שדי רק אחרי יציאת מצרים שכבר נתקיימה הגזירה של ועבדום וענו אותם התחיל להראות בשם הויה ולכן בהבטחתו לאברהם קודם התחיל להראות בשם הויה וזה שאמר בפ' לך ט"ו אני ד' אשר הוצאתיך וכו'. ומיד אמר ובמה אדע ונגזר השעבוד הקשה ונפסק עבור זה ההתגלות בשם ד' רק בשם שדי [עיין נדרים ל"ב שבזה חטא בשאלת במה אדע ונגזר השעבוד עיי"ש] לכן לא מסר אברהם ליצחק רק שם שדי והורהו דרכי השם בהוראת שם שדי. וכן ביצחק כתיב אני אלקי אברהם ולא כתיב הויה וכן ויתן לך האלקים. ואל שדי יברך אותך וכו' אבל יעקב במחזה אמר אליו אני הויה אלקי כו'. [דבמחזה שתא דרגי מנבואה כו' בזוה"ק עיי"ש] וזה שאמר ויקץ יעקב וכו' ויאמר אכן יש ד' כו' ואנכי לא ידעתי שלא ידעתי מדה זו מאבותי ולא הורו לי דרכי השם בזה השם הנורא וזה ביאור נכון ודו"ק.
Yaacov's great awakening--"vayikatz mishnato"--alas, was not from sleep alone, but from the dulled consciousness born of "Mishnato," his intensive study of Mishna, or Torah more broadly. Fourteen years of learning in the yeshiva of Shem and Ever had grounded him in the word of God and it had even availed him to knowledge of holiness. But it had failed to give him God and it had failed to give him direct experience of holiness. He was steeped in Torah, but tefilla--prayerful, passionate, palpable contact with the divine--was unknown to him. Love, fear, and yearning had all been quieted by the search for understanding. This gaping hole in his religious experience, this paradoxical eclipse of God by virtue of his exclusive focus on the God-idea, was what Yaacov came to understand in our parsha. "Vayetze Yaacov," Yaacov left the comfortable yet constraining walls of his beit midrash, and only then "vayifgah bamakom," only then could he actually, directly encounter the divine. The surprise of
ויש לומר דהנה איתא בגמרא דכל החלומות הולכים אחר הרהור לבו דמה שמהרהר ביום בא לו בחלום בלילה שמימיו לא חלם אדם פיל דעייל בקופא דמחטא לפי שלא הרהר בזה מעולם כיון שדבר זה אינו מצוי מעולם. והנה איתא במדרש אכן יש ה' במקום הזה רצה לומר בודאי בלי ספק...
And one can say [the answer is] that, behold, it is brought in the Gemara that all dreams follow the thoughts of one's heart, which is that what one contemplates during the day comes to them in their dreams at night, for one has never dreamt of an elephant going through the eye of a needle for they never think about that since it's not something that happens in the world [and that is how Jacob knew his dream was true and God was there, ie he never had this contemplation during the day]...
Rabbi Jeffrey M Cohen
Against this background, and viewing Anokhi as a unique Divine attribute, redolent of all those manifestations of Divine proximity, love, concern and protectiveness towards Israel to which we have referred, we may now interpret Jacob's utterance at Beth El thus: "Most certainly God is in this place, but [His attribute of] Anokhi I had not hitherto known."
The power of that Divine disclosure that Jacob witnessed, and the reassurance that accompanied it, revealed to him a new concept of God and signalled the initiation of a new relationship. Hitherto God was merely an Ani and a HaShem. Now He revealed Himself to him as an Anokhi. And this, for Jacob, was truly overwhelming. Not only did it fill him with courage and confidence that, whatever adversity lay in store, his safety was guaranteed, but it also constituted confirmation of the special relationship that existed between God and his family and of the special national destiny to which it was being called.
Mount Moriah becomes...a place in Jacob's mind, uncannily overwhelming him, just as the sudden sunset becomes his personal syncope, a kind of blackout, which moves him to a new genre of prayer - arvit - the prayer in darkness. This is the place he unwittingly bypassed on his journey: "How could I have forgotten to pray?"...
I suggest that, for Jacob, the Akedah is the unreachable place. His prayers cannot find inspiration in the thought of that terror. But, having unwittingly traveled past Mount Moriah, guilt assails him: "How could I have passed by the place where my fathers prayed, without praying there?" He sets himself to return, and finds himself abrasively hurtling against that place, that darkness. A new prayer is born: arvit, which represents an unimaginable possibility - that divine light can be revealed in the dark. The world of darkness, of sleep and dream, of loss of consciousness, vulnerability, passivity - all this is associated with the Akedah and his father's helplessness from which he has long recoiled.
Aviva Zornberg - The Murmuring Deep, p. 267-273
