Shabbat Shalom to Isabel, Shabbat Shalom to Noam, Shabbat Shalom to Everyone, Shabbat Shabbat Shalom
Most of us seem to labor for the sake of things of space. As a result we suffer from a deeply rooted dread of time and stand aghast when compelled to look into its face. Time to us is sarcasm, a slick treacherous monster with a jaw like a furnace incinerating every moment of our lives. Shrinking, therefore, from facing time, we escape for shelter to things of space. The intentions we are unable to carry out we deposit in space; possessions become the symbols of our repressions, jubilees of frustrations. But things of space are not fireproof; they only add fuel to the flames. Is the joy of possession an antidote to the terror of time which grows to he a dread of inevitable death? [...] It is impossible for man to shirk the problem of time. The more we think the more we realize: we cannot conquer time through space. We can only master time in time.
- Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel, The Sabbath p6

Does this resonate with you?

What are we doing when we keep Shabbat? Who or what is it for?

He who wants to enter the holiness of the day must first lay down the profanity of clattering commerce, of being yoked to toil. He must go away from the screech of dissonant days, from the nervousness and fury of acquisitiveness and the betrayal in embezzling his own life. He must say farewell to manual work and learn to understand that the world has already been created and will survive without the help of man. Six days a week we wrestle with the world, wringing profit from the earth; on the Sabbath we especially care for the seed of eternity planted in the soul. The world has our hands, but our soul belongs to Someone Else. Six days a week we seek to dominate the world, on the seventh day we try to dominate the self.
The Sabbath, p. 13

Is Shabbat for the world or for me?

How does self-care interact with others? Is it selfish?

Who is Shabbat for?

Who benefits from its rest and who does not?

How does our Shabbat rest interact with the society in which we live?

(ח) זָכ֛וֹר֩ אֶת־י֥֨וֹם הַשַּׁבָּ֖֜ת לְקַדְּשֽׁ֗וֹ׃ (ט) שֵׁ֤֣שֶׁת יָמִ֣ים֙ תַּֽעֲבֹ֔ד֮ וְעָשִׂ֖֣יתָ כׇּֿל־מְלַאכְתֶּֽךָ֒׃ (י) וְי֨וֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔֜י שַׁבָּ֖֣ת ׀ לַה' אֱלֹקֶ֑֗יךָ לֹֽ֣א־תַעֲשֶׂ֣֨ה כׇל־מְלָאכָ֜֡ה אַתָּ֣ה ׀ וּבִנְךָ֣͏ֽ־וּ֠בִתֶּ֗ךָ עַבְדְּךָ֤֨ וַאֲמָֽתְךָ֜֙ וּבְהֶמְתֶּ֔֗ךָ וְגֵרְךָ֖֙ אֲשֶׁ֥֣ר בִּשְׁעָרֶֽ֔יךָ׃ (יא) כִּ֣י שֵֽׁשֶׁת־יָמִים֩ עָשָׂ֨ה ה' אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם וְאֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֶת־הַיָּם֙ וְאֶת־כׇּל־אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֔ם וַיָּ֖נַח בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֑י עַל־כֵּ֗ן בֵּרַ֧ךְ ה' אֶת־י֥וֹם הַשַּׁבָּ֖ת וַֽיְקַדְּשֵֽׁהוּ׃ {ס}

(8) Remember the sabbath day and keep it holy. (9) Six days you shall labor and do all your work, (10) but the seventh day is a sabbath of your God ה': you shall not do any work—you, your son or daughter, your male or female slave, or your cattle, or the stranger who is within your settlements. (11) For in six days ה' made heaven and earth and sea—and all that is in them—and then rested on the seventh day; therefore ה' blessed the sabbath day and hallowed it.

Rest on Shabbat is the cessation of labor for everyone in one’s orbit. No support staff. That means that for bourgeois people, and certainly for wealthy people, who go through life supported by a service class Shabbat may be, in certain senses, a more difficult day than the other days of the week. Shabbat rest bears little in common with bourgeois senses of leisure.
When I lived in Israel, I frequently found myself caught in the middle of what was to be a sad public argument about Shabbat. So-called religious people would demand that public utilities such as buses and privately owned public accommodations, such as cafes and malls, be closed on Shabbat. Their arguments were fundamentally capitalist: I shouldn’t be made culpable for Shabbat violations by MY tax dollars paying for buses! It disrupts MY Shabbat vibe to have cafes and malls bustling! Their secular interlocutors, so-called progressives, would counter, just as your Shabbat rest is going to synagogue and singing songs, MY Shabbat rest is going to a cafe, to a movie, going shopping! Why should I be unable to rest on Shabbat MY way because of your imposition? Meanwhile, almost no one centered or even named the laborers at the center of the story. [...] When these (almost entirely Ashkenazi) progressives go to the cafe or the mall, who’s serving them? Who’s cooking? Who’s cleaning the floor and taking out the garbage? Mostly much lower-income people, far more likely to be economically persecuted Mizrahim from more traditional backgrounds, or Palestinians for the truly invisibilized jobs.
This Shabbat of leisure for the wealthy to indulge in being pampered by the working class and poor is the exact opposite of the Shabbat commanded in the Torah, which is a day to interrupt socio-economic hierarchy and point toward a repaired world that has erased such subordination. Shabbat as a day of leisure through consumption undermines the Torah’s vision to reset and let the natural order rest, to remind humans that we do not have to be in control all the time. Shabbat as a day of leisure through consumption forgets that we were a structural, inherent service class in Egypt, at the beck and call of our free superiors.
-- Rabbi Aryeh Bernstein, Shabbat: Radical Release from Control

When rubber meets road

(ג) כְּשֶׁעוֹשִׂים דְּבָרִים הָאֵלּוּ אֵין עוֹשִׂין אוֹתָן לֹא עַל יְדֵי נָכְרִים וְלֹא עַל יְדֵי קְטַנִּים וְלֹא עַל יְדֵי עֲבָדִים וְלֹא עַל יְדֵי נָשִׁים כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא שַׁבָּת קַלָּה בְּעֵינֵיהֶם. אֶלָּא עַל יְדֵי גְּדוֹלֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְחַכְמֵיהֶם. וְאָסוּר לְהִתְמַהְמֵהַּ בְּחִלּוּל שַׁבָּת לְחוֹלֶה שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ סַכָּנָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יח ה) "אֲשֶׁר יַעֲשֶׂה אוֹתָם הָאָדָם וָחַי בָּהֶם" וְלֹא שֶׁיָּמוּת בָּהֶם

...

(3) These things [breaking Shabbat for medical necessity] should not be performed by non-Jews, minors, servants or women, lest they consider the Sabbath a light matter; instead, scholars and sages of Israel are to carry them out. One must not put off the desecration of the Sabbath in treating a serious patient, as it is written: "If a person obeys them, they shall live by them" (Leviticus 18:5), but he must not die by them. ...

Shabbat as Spiritual Practice

(א) הכנת הסעודה לשבת.

ישכים בבוקר ביום הששי להכין צרכי שבת ואפי' יש לו כמה עבדים לשמשו ישתדל להכין בעצמו שום דבר לצרכי שבת כדי לכבדו כי רב חסדא היה מחתך הירק דק דק ורבה ורב יוסף היו מבקעים עצים ורבי זירא היה מדליק האש ורב נחמן היה מתקן הבית ומכניס כלים הצריכים לשבת ומפנה כלי החול ומהם ילמוד כל אדם ולא יאמר לא אפגום כבודי כי זה הוא כבודו שמכבד השבת: הגה ויש להשחיז הסכין בערב שבת כי זהו מכבוד השבת שמכין עצמו לאכילה (כל בו וב"י): (ב) ירבה בבשר ויין ומגדנות כפי יכלתו:

(1) A person should arise on Friday early to prepare for Shabbat; even if he has many servants to serve him he should find something small to do. We see this with Rav Chisda who would cut vegetables finely; Rabah and Rav Yosef, who would chop wood; Rabbi Zeira who would light the flame; And Rav Nachman, who would clean the house and replace the weekday cutlery with cutlery designated for Shabbat. We can emulate these people and one should not say: "It is unbecoming of me," for this is the honour of Shabbat. Additionally one should sharpen his knife to ease eating.

(2) A person should have more meat, wine and treats, to the best of his ability.

What has this told us about labour?