Check out The Thinking Jew Podcast episode 51 for the audio that this source sheet accompanies.
ותורתי שאמרתי לו לך לך אל הארץ אשר אראך, וראיה לדבר אשכילך ואורך בדרך זו תלך. וכן יורנו בדרך יבחר וכן כל תורה לשון הוראה. ולפי הפשט מצותי חקותי הן שבע מצוות שנצטוו בני נח.
ותורותי, “and My teachings;” that I told him to leave his land to the land that I will show him. A proof that this interpretation is correct, is Psalms 32:8: “Let me enlighten you and show you which way to go.” and a similar verse from Psalms 32:8. Whenever the word תורה occurs, it refers to teaching. And according to the simple explanation, our verse refers to the 7 Noahide laws.
And the sun stood still, and the moon halted, while a nation wreaked judgment on its foes.
—as is written in the Book of Yashar the Book of the Straight Ones). Thus the sun halted in midheaven, and did not press on to set, for a whole day;
The verse states: “And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the nation had avenged themselves of their enemies. Is this not written in the book of Yashar”? (Joshua 10:13). The Gemara asks: What is the book of Yashar? Rabbi Chiya bar Abba says that Rabbi Yochanan says: This is Genesis, which is the book of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who were called righteous [yesharim], as it is stated: “Let me die the death of the righteous [yesharim]” (Numbers 23:10).
... דְּאָמַר רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל בַּר רַב נַחְמָן עֶשְׂרִים וְשִׁשָּׁה דוֹרוֹת קָדְמָה דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ אֶת הַתּוֹרָה, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (בראשית ג, כד): לִשְׁמֹר אֶת דֶּרֶךְ עֵץ הַחַיִּים, דֶּרֶךְ, זוֹ דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ, וְאַחַר כָּךְ עֵץ הַחַיִּים, זוֹ תּוֹרָה...
...As Rabbi Yishmael the son of Rabbi Nachman said, Derech Eretz (positive character development) preceded the Torah by 26 generations as the verse states (Genesis 3:24) "To protect the path (derech), to the Tree of Life." Path (derech) refers to positive character development (derech eretz) and afterwards it says the Tree of Life referring to Torah.
1. And He drove (ויגרש) the Adom (Man) (Bereshis 3:24) - from here learn that The Holy One Blessed Be He gave to him (Adom) a divorce (גירושין) like a woman. And He placed from the east (מקדם) of Gan Eden the Cheruvim (type of Angels) - from here learn that the Cheruvim came before (קדמו) of all of the Act of Creation. with a bright blade of a revolving sword - this is Gehinnom (Hell). to guard the way - this is Derech Eretz (literally the 'Way of the Land', different meanings, here Basic Human Decency, Proper Conduct or similar). of the Tree of Life - we learn that Derech Eretz comes before the Tree of Life. And there is no 'Tree of Life' except Torah, as is said it is a Tree of Life for all whose grasp on it (Mishlei 3:18).
And whoever holds on to her is happy.
פירוש המשנה הזאת, כי כל מוסר ראוי הוא לאב, ולו נאה להוכיח את בנו, כדכתיב (משלי א, ח) "שמע בני מוסר אביך ואל תטוש תורת אמך". כי האב במה שהוא אב, כבר סר ממנו הילדות והשחרות, וכן האם, והם בעלי מוסר, ולפיכך ראוי לאב לייסר את בנו בדברי מוסר. ובפרט האב יותר מן אחר...
This Mishna can be understood as follows: all character development is befitting to a father. For it's appropriate for a father to rebuke his son as the verse states (proverbs 1:8) "listen my son, to the rebuke of your father and don't forsake the teachings of your mother."...
אמר רב יהודה האי מאן דבעי למהוי חסידא לקיים מילי דנזיקין רבא אמר מילי דאבות ואמרי לה מילי דברכות:
Rav Yehuda says: One who wants to be pious should observe the matters of Nezikin. Rava said he should observe the matters of tractate Avot. And some say he should observe the matters of tractate Berakhot.