Handel's Take on Isaiah 9:5
(ה) כִּי־יֶ֣לֶד יֻלַּד־לָ֗נוּ בֵּ֚ן נִתַּן־לָ֔נוּ וַתְּהִ֥י הַמִּשְׂרָ֖ה עַל־שִׁכְמ֑וֹ וַיִּקְרָ֨א שְׁמ֜וֹ פֶּ֠לֶא יוֹעֵץ֙ אֵ֣ל גִּבּ֔וֹר אֲבִיעַ֖ד שַׂר־שָׁלֽוֹם׃
KJV, NKJV: Wonderful, Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.
NIV, NLT, ESV, NASV: Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.
NET: Extraordinary Strategist, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.
JPS 1917: Pele-joez-el-gibbor-Abi-ad-sar-shalom;
JPS: The Mighty God is planning grace; The Eternal Father, a peaceable ruler.
Brenton Septuagint (translation of the Greek Septuagint, 1844): Messenger of great counsel: for I will bring peace upon the princes, and health to him.
Douay-Rheims Bible: Wonderful, Counsellor, God the Mighty, the Father of the world to come, the Prince of Peace.
Alter: And his name is called wondrous councillor, divine warrior, eternal father, prince of peace, making leadership abound and peace without end on the throne of David and over his kingdom to make it firm-founded and stay it up in justice and righteousness, forever more. (I just couldn't figure out where, for Alter, the name stops! What do you think?)
JSB commmentary: This long sentence is the throne name of the royal child. Semitic names often consist of sentences that describe God; thus the name Isaiah in Heb means "The LORD saves"; Hezekiah, "The LORD strengthens"; In Akkadian, the name of the Babylonian king Merodach-baladan (Isa 39:1) means "the god Marduk has provided an heir." THese names do not describe that person who holds them but the god whom the parents worship. Similarly, the name given to the child in this v. does not describe that child or attribute divinity to him, but describes God's actions.
Alter commentary: This string of epithets has been associated by many generations of Christian commentators and readers with Christ. What the prophet has in mind, however, is not "messianic" except in the strictly political sense: he envisages an ideal king from the line of David who will sit on the throne of Judah and oversee a rule of justice and peace. The most challenging epithet in this sequence is 'el gibor, which appears to say "warrior-god." The prophet would be violating al biblical usage if he called the Davidic king "God," and that term is best construed here as some sort of intensifier.
HarperCollins commentary: The divine birth or adoption of the king was announced on his coronation day (see Ps2:7). As in the Egyptian coronation ritual, where the birth is announced to the other gods, the "for us" probaby refers to the angelic members of God's divine council. "Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace," - coronation names like those given Egyptian kings at their accession."
Cambridge Bible Commentary (taken from BibleHub, https://biblehub.com/commentaries/isaiah/9-6.htm) :
unto us] the survivors of the judgment. Cf. “Immanuel,” “God with us.”
his name shall be called] The name of the Messiah consists of a series of honorific titles, pertaining to Him in His kingly capacity and expressing mainly the qualities displayed in His government. We may compare, with Guthe and others, the high-sounding titles assumed by Egyptian and Babylonian monarchs in their inscriptions, such as, “Giver of Life in perpetuity,” “Ever Living,” “Lord of Life,” “Lord of Eternity and Infinity” &c.
Wonderful, Counseller] Since each of the other names is compounded of two words, these expressions are also to be taken together as forming a single designation—Wonder-Counseller. The construction is either construct followed by genitive—“a wonder of a Counseller” (cf. Genesis 16:12), or acc. governed by participle—“one who counsels wonderful things.” Cf. “wonderful in counsel” (of Jehovah) in ch. Isaiah 28:29. On counsel as the function of a king, see Micah 4:9.
From the ESV Study Bible
to us. A gift of divine grace to sinners. a child … a son. This is the invincible figure striding across the world stage, taking gracious command, according to vv. 4–5 (cf. Ps. 2:7–9; Luke 1:32). Isaiah presents the events as if it were the time of the child’s arrival, with an expectation of what he will achieve (Isa. 9:7). Wonderful Counselor. A “counselor” is one who is able to make wise plans (cf. 11:2). He is a ruler whose wisdom is beyond merely human capabilities, unlike intelligent but foolish Ahaz (cf. 28:29). Mighty God. A title of the Lord himself (10:20–21; Deut. 10:17; Neh. 9:32; Jer. 32:18). Everlasting Father. A “father” here is a benevolent protector (cf. Isa. 22:21; Job 29:16), which is the task of the ideal king and is also the way God himself cares for his people (cf. Isa. 63:16; 64:8; Ps. 103:13).