וַיְדַבֵּר ה' אֶל תַּכְרִיתוּ אֶת שֵׁבֶט. זֶה שֶׁאָמַר הַכָּתוּב: אַל תִּגְזָל דַּל כִּי דַל הוּא וְאַל תְּדַכֵּא עָנִי בַשָּׂעַר (משלי כב, כב). אָמַר רַבִּי תַּנְחוּמָא בַּר אַבָּא אָמַר רַבִּי לֵוִי, אֶל תִּגְזָל דַּל כִּי דַּל הוּא, זֶה הַתּוּרְמוּס שֶׁנִּכְנַס עִם הַפַּרְפֶּרֶת. לֹא יֹאמַר אָדָם, יֵשׁ לְפָנַי אֱגוֹזִים וּתְמָרִים, עֲלֵיהֶם אֲנִי אוֹמֵר הַבְּרָכָה תְּחִלָּה, וְאָנִיחַ אֶת הַתּוּרְמוּס. אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, אַל תִּגְזָל דַּל כִּי דַל הוּא. אָמַר רַבִּי חִזְקִיָּה אָמַר רַבִּי יִרְמְיָה בַּר אַבָּא בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן, כָּל שֶׁאֵינוֹ אוֹמֵר דָּבָר בְּשֵׁם אוֹמְרוֹ, עָלָיו הַכָּתוּב אוֹמֵר, אֶל תִּגְזֹל דַּל כִּי דַל הוּא. וְצָרִיךְ אָדָם כְּשֶׁהוּא שׁוֹמֵעַ דָּבָר, לוֹמַר אוֹתוֹ בְּשֵׁם אוֹמְרוֹ, אֲפִלּוּ מִשְּׁלִישִׁי, הֲלָכָה. שֶׁשָּׁנוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ, אָמַר רַבִּי תַּנְחוּם הַלַּבְלָר, מְקֻבָּל אֲנִי מְרַבִּי מְיָאשָׁא, שֶׁקִּבֵּל מִן הַזְּקֵנִים, הֲלָכָה לְמֹשֶׁה מִסִּינַי. כָּל מִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ אוֹמֵר דָּבָר מִשֶּׁל תּוֹרָה בְּשֵׁם אוֹמְרוֹ, עָלָיו הַכָּתוּב אוֹמֵר, אֶל תִּגְזֹל דַּל כִּי דַל הוּא. וְכָל הָאוֹמֵר דָּבָר בְּשֵׁם אוֹמְרוֹ, זוֹכֶה שֶׁיִּגְאֲלוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל יָדוֹ. מִמִּי אַתְּ לָמֵד. מֵאֶסְתֵּר, שֶׁשָּׁמְעָה הַדָּבָר מִמָּרְדְּכַי, עַל יְדֵי כֵן זָכְתָה שֶׁנִּגְאֲלוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל יָדָהּ. הֱוֵי, אִם שָׁמַעְתָּ דָּבָר, הֱוֵי אוֹמֵר בְּשֵׁם אָמְרוּ. דָּבָר אַחֵר, אֶל תִּגְזֹל דַּל כִּי דַל הוּא, מְדַבֵּר בְּשִׁבְטוֹ שֶׁל לֵוִי. וְכִי דַּלִּים הָיוּ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בַּר סִמּוֹן וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ. אֶחָד מֵהֶם אוֹמֵר, לָמָּה נִקְרְאוּ דַּלִּים. שֶׁהָיוּ דַּלִּים מִנַּחֲלָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וּלְשֵׁבֶט הַלֵּוִי לֹא נָתַן מֹשֶׁה נַחֲלָה, אִשֵּׁי ה' הוּא נַחֲלָתוֹ (יהושע יג, לג). לְכָךְ אַל תִּגְזְלֵהוּ שֶׁהוּא דַּל מִן הַמַּתָּנוֹת שֶׁאָמַרְתִּי לְךָ. וְהָאֶחָד אוֹמֵר, שֶׁהָיוּ דַּלִּים מִן הַמִּנְיָן. לָמָּה, שֶׁהָיָה הָאֲרוֹן מְכַלֶּה אוֹתָן. לְפִיכָךְ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְצַוֶּה אֶת מֹשֶׁה וְאוֹמֵר: אֶל תַּכְרִיתוּ אֶת שֵׁבֶט מִשְׁפָּחוֹת הַקְּהָתִי. (Numb. 4:17-18:) “Then the Lord spoke unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying, ‘Do not cut off the tribe of the Kohathite families [from the Levites].’” This text is related (to Prov. 22:22), “Do not rob the impoverished because he is impoverished.” R. Tanhuma bar Abba said that R. Levi said, “’Do not rob the impoverished because he is impoverished.’ This refers to the lupine114Gk.: thermos (“hot”). which arrives with the dessert. One should not say, ‘There are nuts and dates before me. I will say the blessing over them and leave the lupine alone.’ The Holy One, blessed be He, said (ibid.), ‘Do not rob the impoverished because he is impoverished.’” R. Hezekiah said that R. Jeremiah bar Abba said in the name of R. Johanan, “It is with reference to everyone who does not say something in the name of the one who said it that the text says (ibid.), ‘do not rob the impoverished because he is impoverished.’115See Avot 6:3. So when a person hears something, it is necessary to cite it in the name of the one who [originally] said it, even though [doing so takes up] more than a third of a law (halakhah).” Thus our masters have taught (in Pe'ah 2:6): R. Nahum the Scribe116Livlar. Cf. Lat.: libellaris (“documentary”); libellarius (“relating to a written rental contract”); librarius (“scribe,” “copyist”). said, “I have received from R. May'asha, who received […] from the elders, a law (halakhah) of Moses from Sinai. So it is with reference to whoever does not say something in the name of the one who said it that the text (of Prov. 22:22) says, ‘do not rob the impoverished.’ But everyone who does say something in the name of the one who said it brings redemption into the world.117Meg. 15a. From whom have you learned it? From Esther when she heard of the matter from Mordecai. For that reason she was worthy of having Israel be redeemed at her hands.” Ergo, if you hear something, cite it in the name of the one who said it. Another interpretation (of Prov. 22:22), “Do not rob the impoverished.” It speaks about the tribe of Levi, and it is calling the tribe of Levi poor.118See Numb. R. 5:2. Were [the Levites] poor? R. Judah bar Simon and our masters [differ about the matter]. One of them says, “Why were they called poor? Because they were poor from [lack of] inheritance, as stated (in Josh. 13:33), ‘But Moses gave no inheritance to the tribe of Levi….’ Therefore, do not rob them of the donations, which I have told you [to give].” But the other (i.e., our masters) says, “It is because they were poor in number. Why so? Because the ark was destroying them. Therefore the Holy One, blessed be He, commanded Moses and said (in Numb. 4:18), ‘Do not cut off the tribe of the Kohathite families [from the Levites].’”