משנה: הֲרֵי אַתְּ מוּתֶּרֶת לְכָל־אָדָם אֶלָּא לְאַבָּא וּלְאָבִיךְ לְאָחִי וּלְאָחִיךְ לָעֶבֶד לְנָכְרִי וּלְכָל־מִי שֶׁאֵין לָהּ קִידּוּשִׁין עָלָיו כָּשֵׁר. הֲרֵי אַתְּ מוּתֶּרֶת לְכָל־אָדָם אֶלָּא אַלְמָנָה לְכֹהֵן גָּדוֹל גְּרוּשָׁה וַחֲלוּצָה לְכֹהֶן הֶדְיוֹט מַמְזֶרֶת וּנְתִינָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְנָתִין וּלְמַמְזֵר וּלְכָל־מִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לָהּ עָלָיו קִידּוּשִׁין אֲפִילוּ בַעֲבֵירָה פָּסוּל. גּוּפוֹ שֶׁלַּגֵּט הֲרֵי אַתְּ מוּתֶּרֶת לְכָל־אָדָם. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר וְדֵן דְּיִהְוֵי לִיכִי מִינַּאי סֵפֶר תֵּירוּכִין וְאִיגֶּרֶת שִׁיבּוּקִין לִמְהָךְ לְהִתְנָֽסְבָא לְכָל־גְּבַר דְּתִצְבַּיִין. גּוּפוֹ שֶׁלַּגֵּט שִׁיחְרוּר. הֲרֵי אַתְּ בֶּן חוֹרִין הֲרֵי אַתְּ לְעַצְמָךְ. MISHNAH: “You are permitted to any man except to my father and your father, to my brother and your brother, to a slave, a Gentile,” or anybody she is unable to contract a preliminary marriage with45An unmarried woman can contract preliminary marriage with any Jewish man except those connections forbidden as incestuous relations which are deadly sins. Marriage is also impossible with Gentiles and slaves. A divorce stipulation which forbids no marriage possible under the law is empty., it is valid. “You are permitted to any man except as a widow to the High Priest, a divorcee or one having received ḥalȋṣah to a common priest, a bastard or a Gibeonite girl to an Israel, the daughter of an Israel to a a bastard or a Gibeonite46All these are subsumed under “holiness prohibitions”, enumerated in Mishnah Yebamot 2:4.,” or anybody she could contract a preliminary marriage with even if it is sinful47Including common law “commandment prohibitions,” Mishnah Yebamot 2:4., it is invalid48Since for the rabbis who oppose R. Eliezer, any bill of divorce is invalid if it restricts the pool of legal marriage partners of the divorcee..
The essence51The required text. of the bill of divorce: You are herewith permitted to any man. Rebbi Jehudah says: This shall be for you from me a divorce scroll and a letter of abandonment, to enable you to marry any man you desire. The essence of the bill of manumission: You are a free person, you are on your own.
הלכה: גּוּפוֹ שֶׁלַּגֵּט הֲרֵי אַתְּ מוּתֶּרֶת לְכָל־אָדָם כול׳. רִבִּי אָחָא אָמַר. כְּרִיתוּת לֹא הִתְפִּיסָה הַתּוֹרָה שֵׁם כְּרִיתוּת אֶלּא עֶרְוָה שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהּ הֲוָייָה. HALAKHAH: “The essence of the bill of divorce: You are herewith permitted to any man,” etc. Rebbi Aḥa said: “Cutting off”, the Torah did not choose the term “cutting off” except to refer to a person with whom a marriage is possible52This really refers to Mishnah 2 and explains why the prohibition of impossible relations does not invalidate the bill of divorce. The bill is called “a scroll of cutting off” in Deut. 24:1,3. If marriage was not possible, it cannot be dissolved..
אָמַר רִבִּי מָנָא. וּבִלְחוּד דְּלָא יֵימַר. וְדִין. רִבִּי מָנָא בָּעֵי. הֲרֵי אַתְּ בִּרְשׁוּת עַצְמָךְ. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֵּירִבִּי בּוּן. צָרִיךְ שֶׁיֹּאמַר. הֲרֵי אַתְּ בֶּן חוֹרִין. הֲרֵוּ אַתְּ שֶׁלְּעַצְמָךְ. מַתְנִיתָא אָֽמְרָה כֵן. הֲרֵי אַתְּ בֶּן חוֹרִין הֲרֵי אַתְּ שֶׁלְּעַצְמָךְ. Rebbi Mana said: He has to be careful not to say “וְדִין”.53While the usual spelling of “this” is דֵין, in the divorce document the spelling must be defective so it cannot be read as וְדִין “by law” implying that the husband would not consider a divorce unless forced by some law. This would invalidate the divorce. The Babli, 85b, has a long list of similar spelling rules. Rebbi Mana asked: “You are on your own”54Is that an acceptable formula for a divorce? The obvious negative answer is not given.? Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said, one must say: “You are a free person, you are on your own.55In a bill of manumission, both expressions are required. The Mishnah (with a very slight change in wording) supports this by stating both expressions in parallel, not connected by “or”.” The Mishnah said so: “You are a free person, you are on your own.”