הַדָּבָ֞ר אֲשֶׁר־הָיָ֤ה עַֽל־יִרְמְיָ֙הוּ֙ עַל־כׇּל־עַ֣ם יְהוּדָ֔ה בַּשָּׁנָה֙ הָֽרְבִעִ֔ית לִיהוֹיָקִ֥ים בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֖הוּ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה הִ֗יא הַשָּׁנָה֙ הָרִ֣אשֹׁנִ֔ית לִנְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֖ר מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל׃ The word which came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah, in the fourth year of King Jehoiakim son of Josiah of Judah, which was the first year of King Nebuchadrezzar of Babylon.
אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֜ר יִרְמְיָ֤הוּ הַנָּבִיא֙ עַל־כׇּל־עַ֣ם יְהוּדָ֔ה וְאֶ֛ל כׇּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם לֵאמֹֽר׃ This is what the prophet Jeremiah said to all the people of Judah and to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem:
מִן־שְׁלֹ֣שׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֡ה לְיֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ בֶן־אָמוֹן֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֜ה וְעַ֣ד ׀ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֗ה זֶ֚ה שָׁלֹ֤שׁ וְעֶשְׂרִים֙ שָׁנָ֔ה הָיָ֥ה דְבַר־יְהֹוָ֖ה אֵלָ֑י וָאֲדַבֵּ֧ר אֲלֵיכֶ֛ם אַשְׁכֵּ֥ים וְדַבֵּ֖ר וְלֹ֥א שְׁמַעְתֶּֽם׃ From the thirteenth year of King Josiah son of Amon of Judah, to this day—these twenty-three years—the word of the LORD has come to me. I have spoken to you persistently, but you would not listen.
וְשָׁלַח֩ יְהֹוָ֨ה אֲלֵיכֶ֜ם אֶֽת־כׇּל־עֲבָדָ֧יו הַנְּבִאִ֛ים הַשְׁכֵּ֥ם וְשָׁלֹ֖חַ וְלֹ֣א שְׁמַעְתֶּ֑ם וְלֹא־הִטִּיתֶ֥ם אֶֽת־אׇזְנְכֶ֖ם לִשְׁמֹֽעַ׃ Moreover, the LORD constantly sent all his servants the prophets to you, but you would not listen or incline your ears to hear
לֵאמֹ֗ר שֽׁוּבוּ־נָ֞א אִ֣ישׁ מִדַּרְכּ֤וֹ הָרָעָה֙ וּמֵרֹ֣עַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם וּשְׁבוּ֙ עַל־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֧ן יְהֹוָ֛ה לָכֶ֖ם וְלַאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם לְמִן־עוֹלָ֖ם וְעַד־עוֹלָֽם׃ when they said, “Turn back, every one, from your evil ways and your wicked acts, that you may remain throughout the ages on the soil which the LORD gave to you and your fathers.
וְאַל־תֵּלְכ֗וּ אַֽחֲרֵי֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים לְעׇבְדָ֖ם וּלְהִשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֣ת לָהֶ֑ם וְלֹֽא־תַכְעִ֤יסוּ אוֹתִי֙ בְּמַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יְדֵיכֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א אָרַ֖ע לָכֶֽם׃ Do not follow other gods, to serve them and worship them. Do not vex Me with what your own hands have made,aI.e., idols. and I will not bring disaster upon you.”
וְלֹא־שְׁמַעְתֶּ֥ם אֵלַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֑ה לְמַ֧עַן (הכעסוני) [הַכְעִיסֵ֛נִי] בְּמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יְדֵיכֶ֖ם לְרַ֥ע לָכֶֽם׃ {פ}
But you would not listen to Me—declares the LORD—but vexed Me with what your hands made, to your own hurt.
לָכֵ֕ן כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת יַ֕עַן אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־שְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־דְּבָרָֽי׃ Assuredly, thus said the LORD of Hosts: Because you would not listen to My words,
הִנְנִ֣י שֹׁלֵ֡חַ וְלָקַחְתִּי֩ אֶת־כׇּל־מִשְׁפְּח֨וֹת צָפ֜וֹן נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֗ה וְאֶל־נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֮ עַבְדִּי֒ וַהֲבִ֨אֹתִ֜ים עַל־הָאָ֤רֶץ הַזֹּאת֙ וְעַל־יֹ֣שְׁבֶ֔יהָ וְעַ֛ל כׇּל־הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֖לֶּה סָבִ֑יב וְהַ֣חֲרַמְתִּ֔ים וְשַׂמְתִּים֙ לְשַׁמָּ֣ה וְלִשְׁרֵקָ֔ה וּלְחׇרְב֖וֹת עוֹלָֽם׃ I am going to send for all the peoples of the north—declares the LORD—and for My servant, King Nebuchadrezzar of Babylon, and bring them against this land and its inhabitants, and against all those nations round about. I will exterminate them and make them a desolation, an object of hissingbCf. note at 18.16.—ruins for all time.
וְהַאֲבַדְתִּ֣י מֵהֶ֗ם ק֤וֹל שָׂשׂוֹן֙ וְק֣וֹל שִׂמְחָ֔ה ק֥וֹל חָתָ֖ן וְק֣וֹל כַּלָּ֑ה ק֥וֹל רֵחַ֖יִם וְא֥וֹר נֵֽר׃ And I will banish from them the sound of mirth and gladness, the voice of bridegroom and bride, and the sound of the mill and the light of the lamp.
וְהָֽיְתָה֙ כׇּל־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את לְחׇרְבָּ֖ה לְשַׁמָּ֑ה וְעָ֨בְד֜וּ הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֛לֶּה אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל שִׁבְעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ This whole land shall be a desolate ruin.
And those nations shall serve the king of Babylon seventy years.
וְהָיָ֣ה כִמְלֹ֣אות שִׁבְעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֡ה אֶפְקֹ֣ד עַל־מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֩ וְעַל־הַגּ֨וֹי הַה֧וּא נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֛ה אֶת־עֲוֺנָ֖ם וְעַל־אֶ֣רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּ֑ים וְשַׂמְתִּ֥י אֹת֖וֹ לְשִֽׁמְמ֥וֹת עוֹלָֽם׃ When the seventy years are over, I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation and the land of the Chaldeans for their sins—declares the LORD—and I will make it a desolation for all time.
(והבאותי) [וְהֵֽבֵאתִי֙] עַל־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַהִ֔יא אֶת־כׇּל־דְּבָרַ֖י אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֣רְתִּי עָלֶ֑יהָ אֵ֤ת כׇּל־הַכָּתוּב֙ בַּסֵּ֣פֶר הַזֶּ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־נִבָּ֥א יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ עַל־כׇּל־הַגּוֹיִֽם׃ And I will bring upon that land all that I have decreed against it, all that is recorded in this book—that which Jeremiah prophesied against all the nations.
כִּ֣י עָֽבְדוּ־בָ֤ם גַּם־הֵ֙מָּה֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים וּמְלָכִ֖ים גְּדוֹלִ֑ים וְשִׁלַּמְתִּ֥י לָהֶ֛ם כְּפׇעֳלָ֖ם וּכְמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יְדֵיהֶֽם׃ {פ}
For they too shall be enslaved by many nations and great kings; and I will requite them according to their acts and according to their conduct.
כִּ֣י כֹה֩ אָמַ֨ר יְהֹוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֵלַ֔י קַ֠ח אֶת־כּ֨וֹס הַיַּ֧יִן הַחֵמָ֛ה הַזֹּ֖את מִיָּדִ֑י וְהִשְׁקִיתָ֤ה אֹתוֹ֙ אֶת־כׇּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י שֹׁלֵ֥חַ אוֹתְךָ֖ אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ For thus said the LORD, the God of Israel, to me: “Take from My hand this cup of wine—of wrath—and make all the nations to whom I send you drink of it.
וְשָׁת֕וּ וְהִֽתְגֹּעֲשׁ֖וּ וְהִתְהֹלָ֑לוּ מִפְּנֵ֣י הַחֶ֔רֶב אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָנֹכִ֥י שֹׁלֵ֖חַ בֵּינֹתָֽם׃ Let them drink and retch and act crazy, because of the sword that I am sending among them.”
וָאֶקַּ֥ח אֶת־הַכּ֖וֹס מִיַּ֣ד יְהֹוָ֑ה וָֽאַשְׁקֶה֙ אֶת־כׇּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־שְׁלָחַ֥נִי יְהֹוָ֖ה אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ So I took the cup from the hand of the LORD and gave drink to all the nations to whom the LORD had sent me:
אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלַ֙͏ִם֙ וְאֶת־עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וְאֶת־מְלָכֶ֖יהָ אֶת־שָׂרֶ֑יהָ לָתֵ֨ת אֹתָ֜ם לְחׇרְבָּ֧ה לְשַׁמָּ֛ה לִשְׁרֵקָ֥ה וְלִקְלָלָ֖ה כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ Jerusalem and the towns of Judah, and its kings and officials, to make them a desolate ruin, an object of hissing and a cursecCf. note at 24.9.—as is now the case;
אֶת־פַּרְעֹ֧ה מֶלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֛יִם וְאֶת־עֲבָדָ֥יו וְאֶת־שָׂרָ֖יו וְאֶת־כׇּל־עַמּֽוֹ׃ Pharaoh king of Egypt, his courtiers, his officials, and all his people;
וְאֵת֙ כׇּל־הָעֶ֔רֶב וְאֵ֕ת כׇּל־מַלְכֵ֖י אֶ֣רֶץ הָע֑וּץ וְאֵ֗ת כׇּל־מַלְכֵי֙ אֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְאֶת־אַשְׁקְל֤וֹן וְאֶת־עַזָּה֙ וְאֶת־עֶקְר֔וֹן וְאֵ֖ת שְׁאֵרִ֥ית אַשְׁדּֽוֹד׃ all dMeaning of Heb. uncertain.the mixed peoples;-d all the kings of the land of Uz; all the kings of the land of the Philistines—Ashkelon, Gaza, Ekron, and what is left of Ashdod;
אֶת־אֱד֥וֹם וְאֶת־מוֹאָ֖ב וְאֶת־בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃ Edom, Moab, and Ammon;
וְאֵת֙ כׇּל־מַלְכֵי־צֹ֔ר וְאֵ֖ת כׇּל־מַלְכֵ֣י צִיד֑וֹן וְאֵת֙ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּעֵ֥בֶר הַיָּֽם׃ all the kings of Tyre and all the kings of Sidon, and all the kings of the coastland across the sea;
וְאֶת־דְּדָ֤ן וְאֶת־תֵּימָא֙ וְאֶת־בּ֔וּז וְאֵ֖ת כׇּל־קְצוּצֵ֥י פֵאָֽה׃ Dedan, Tema, and Buz, and all those who have their hair clipped;
וְאֵ֖ת כׇּל־מַלְכֵ֣י עֲרָ֑ב וְאֵת֙ כׇּל־מַלְכֵ֣י הָעֶ֔רֶב הַשֹּׁכְנִ֖ים בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ all the kings of Arabia, and all the kings of dMeaning of Heb. uncertain.the mixed peoples-d who live in the desert;
וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כׇּל־מַלְכֵ֣י זִמְרִ֗י וְאֵת֙ כׇּל־מַלְכֵ֣י עֵילָ֔ם וְאֵ֖ת כׇּל־מַלְכֵ֥י מָדָֽי׃ all the kings of ZimridMeaning of Heb. uncertain. and all the kings of Elam and all the kings of Media;
וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כׇּל־מַלְכֵ֣י הַצָּפ֗וֹן הַקְּרֹבִ֤ים וְהָרְחֹקִים֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֔יו וְאֵת֙ כׇּל־הַמַּמְלְכ֣וֹת הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הָאֲדָמָ֑ה וּמֶ֥לֶךְ שֵׁשַׁ֖ךְ יִשְׁתֶּ֥ה אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃ all the kings of the north, whether far from or close to each other—all the dMeaning of Heb. uncertain.royal lands which are on the earth.-d And last of all, the king of SheshacheA cipher for Babel, Babylon. shall drink.
וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֡ם {פ}
כֹּה־אָמַר֩ יְהֹוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל שְׁת֤וּ וְשִׁכְרוּ֙ וּקְי֔וּ וְנִפְל֖וּ וְלֹ֣א תָק֑וּמוּ מִפְּנֵ֣י הַחֶ֔רֶב אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָנֹכִ֥י שֹׁלֵ֖חַ בֵּינֵיכֶֽם׃ Say to them: “Thus said the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel: Drink and get drunk and vomit; fall and never rise again, because of the sword that I send among you.”
וְהָיָ֗ה כִּ֧י יְמָאֲנ֛וּ לָקַחַת־הַכּ֥וֹס מִיָּדְךָ֖ לִשְׁתּ֑וֹת וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֛ר יְהֹוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שָׁת֥וֹ תִשְׁתּֽוּ׃ And if they refuse to take the cup from your hand and drink, say to them, “Thus said the LORD of Hosts: You must drink!
כִּי֩ הִנֵּ֨ה בָעִ֜יר אֲשֶׁ֧ר נִֽקְרָא־שְׁמִ֣י עָלֶ֗יהָ אָֽנֹכִי֙ מֵחֵ֣ל לְהָרַ֔ע וְאַתֶּ֖ם הִנָּקֵ֣ה תִנָּק֑וּ לֹ֣א תִנָּק֔וּ כִּ֣י חֶ֗רֶב אֲנִ֤י קֹרֵא֙ עַל־כׇּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ נְאֻ֖ם יְהֹוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃ If I am bringing the punishment first on the city that bears My name, do you expect to go unpunished? You will not go unpunished, for I am summoning the sword against all the inhabitants of the earth—declares the LORD of Hosts.”
וְאַתָּה֙ תִּנָּבֵ֣א אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם אֵ֥ת כׇּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם יְהֹוָ֞ה מִמָּר֤וֹם יִשְׁאָג֙ וּמִמְּע֤וֹן קׇדְשׁוֹ֙ יִתֵּ֣ן קוֹל֔וֹ שָׁאֹ֤ג יִשְׁאַג֙ עַל־נָוֵ֔הוּ הֵידָד֙ כְּדֹרְכִ֣ים יַעֲנֶ֔ה אֶ֥ל כׇּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֖י הָאָֽרֶץ׃ You are to prophesy all those things to them, and then say to them:
The LORD roars from on high,
He makes His voice heard from His holy dwelling;
He roars aloud over His [earthly] abode;
He utters shouts like the grape-treaders,
Against all the dwellers on earth.
בָּ֤א שָׁאוֹן֙ עַד־קְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֣י רִ֤יב לַיהֹוָה֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם נִשְׁפָּ֥ט ה֖וּא לְכׇל־בָּשָׂ֑ר הָרְשָׁעִ֛ים נְתָנָ֥ם לַחֶ֖רֶב נְאֻם־יְהֹוָֽה׃ {ס} Tumult has reached the ends of the earth,
For the LORD has a case against the nations,
He contends with all flesh.
He delivers the wicked to the sword
—declares the LORD.
כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הִנֵּ֥ה רָעָ֛ה יֹצֵ֖את מִגּ֣וֹי אֶל־גּ֑וֹי וְסַ֣עַר גָּד֔וֹל יֵע֖וֹר מִיַּרְכְּתֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃ Thus said the LORD of Hosts:
Disaster goes forth
From nation to nation;
A great storm is unleashed
From the remotest parts of earth.
וְהָי֞וּ חַֽלְלֵ֤י יְהֹוָה֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא מִקְצֵ֥ה הָאָ֖רֶץ וְעַד־קְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֑רֶץ לֹ֣א יִסָּפְד֗וּ וְלֹ֤א יֵאָֽסְפוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִקָּבֵ֔רוּ לְדֹ֛מֶן עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָ֖ה יִֽהְיֽוּ׃ In that day, the earth shall be strewn with the slain of the LORD from one end to the other. They shall not be mourned, or gathered and buried; they shall become dung upon the face of the earth.
הֵילִ֨ילוּ הָרֹעִ֜ים וְזַעֲק֗וּ וְהִֽתְפַּלְּשׁוּ֙ אַדִּירֵ֣י הַצֹּ֔אן כִּי־מָלְא֥וּ יְמֵיכֶ֖ם לִטְב֑וֹחַ וּתְפוֹצ֣וֹתִיכֶ֔ם וּנְפַלְתֶּ֖ם כִּכְלִ֥י חֶמְדָּֽה׃ Howl, you shepherds, and yell,
Strew [dust] on yourselves, you lords of the flock!
For the day of your slaughter draws near.
dMeaning of Heb. uncertain.I will break you in pieces,-d
And you shall fall like a precious vessel.
וְאָבַ֥ד מָנ֖וֹס מִן־הָֽרֹעִ֑ים וּפְלֵיטָ֖ה מֵאַדִּירֵ֥י הַצֹּֽאן׃ Flight shall fail the shepherds,
And escape, the lords of the flock.
ק֚וֹל צַעֲקַ֣ת הָרֹעִ֔ים וִֽילְלַ֖ת אַדִּירֵ֣י הַצֹּ֑אן כִּֽי־שֹׁדֵ֥ד יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶת־מַרְעִיתָֽם׃ Hark, the outcry of the shepherds,
And the howls of the lords of the flock!
For the LORD is ravaging their pasture.
וְנָדַ֖מּוּ נְא֣וֹת הַשָּׁל֑וֹם מִפְּנֵ֖י חֲר֥וֹן אַף־יְהֹוָֽה׃ The peaceful meadows shall be wiped out
By the fierce wrath of the LORD.
עָזַ֥ב כַּכְּפִ֖יר סֻכּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־הָיְתָ֤ה אַרְצָם֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה מִפְּנֵי֙ חֲר֣וֹן הַיּוֹנָ֔ה וּמִפְּנֵ֖י חֲר֥וֹן אַפּֽוֹ׃ {פ}
Like a lion, He has gone forth from His lair;
The land has become a desolation,
Because of the oppressivedMeaning of Heb. uncertain. wrath,
Because of His fierce anger.