๐Ÿบ Para-shots ๐Ÿบ Shmini: Nadav & Abihu and Pikuach Nefesh
ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐื—ึฃื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตึฝื™ึพืึทึ ื”ึฒืจึนึ ืŸ ื ึธื“ึธึจื‘ ื•ึทืึฒื‘ึดื™ื”ึœื•ึผื ืึดึฃื™ืฉื ืžึทื—ึฐืชึผึธืชึ—ื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึผึฐื ึคื•ึผ ื‘ึธื”ึตืŸึ™ ืึตึ”ืฉื ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฉื‚ึดึฅื™ืžื•ึผ ืขึธืœึถึ–ื™ื”ึธ ืงึฐื˜ึนึ‘ืจึถืช ื•ึทื™ึผึทืงึฐืจึดึœื™ื‘ื•ึผ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตึคื™ ื™ื™ ืึตึฃืฉื ื–ึธืจึธึ”ื” ืึฒืฉืึถึงืจ ืœึนึฆื ืฆึดื•ึผึธึ–ื” ืึนืชึธึฝืืƒ
Now Aaronโ€™s sons Nadab and Abihu each took his fire pan, put fire in it, and laid incense on it; and they offered before ื™ื™ alien fire, which had not been enjoined upon them.
ื•ึทืชึผึตึฅืฆึตื ืึตึ›ืฉื ืžึดืœึผึดืคึฐื ึตึฅื™ ื™ื™ ื•ึทืชึผึนึฃืื›ึทืœ ืื•ึนืชึธึ‘ื ื•ึทื™ึผึธืžึปึ–ืชื•ึผ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตึฅื™ ื™ื™ืƒ
And fire came forth from ื™ื™ and consumed them; thus they died at the instance of ื™ื™.
ื•ึทื™ึผึนึจืืžึถืจ ืžึนืฉืึถึœื” ืึถึฝืœึพืึทื”ึฒืจึนึ—ืŸ ื”ื•ึผืึฉ ืึฒืฉืึถืจึพื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถึจืจ ื™ื™โ€‰ื€โ€‰ืœึตืืžึนืจึ™ ื‘ึผึดืงึฐืจึนื‘ึทึฃื™ ืึถืงึผึธื“ึตึ”ืฉื ื•ึฐืขึทืœึพืคึผึฐื ึตึฅื™ ื›ื‡ืœึพื”ึธืขึธึ–ื ืึถื›ึผึธื‘ึตึ‘ื“ ื•ึทื™ึผึดื“ึผึนึ–ื ืึทื”ึฒืจึนึฝืŸืƒ
Then Moses said to Aaron, โ€œThis is what ื™ื™ meant by saying:
Through those near to Me I show Myself holy,
And gain glory before all the people.โ€
And Aaron was silent.
ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธึฃื ืžึนืฉืึถึ—ื” ืึถืœึพืžึดึฝื™ืฉืึธืึตืœึ™ ื•ึฐืึถึฃืœ ืึถืœึฐืฆึธืคึธึ”ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตึฅื™ ืขึปื–ึผึดื™ืึตึ–ืœ ื“ึผึนึฃื“ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนึ‘ืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึนึฃืืžึถืจ ืึฒืœึตื”ึถึ—ื ืงึดึžึ ืจึฐื‘ึžึ ื•ึผ ืฉื‚ึฐืึคื•ึผ ืึถืชึพืึฒื—ึตื™ื›ึถืึ™ ืžึตืึตึฃืช ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ึพื”ึทืงึผึนึ”ื“ึถืฉื ืึถืœึพืžึดื—ึ–ื•ึผืฅ ืœึทึฝืžึผึทื—ึฒื ึถึฝื”ืƒ ื•ึทึฝื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึฐื‘ึ—ื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉื‚ึผึธืึปืึ™ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึปืชึผึณื ึนืชึธึ”ื ืึถืœึพืžึดื—ึ–ื•ึผืฅ ืœึทึฝืžึผึทื—ึฒื ึถึ‘ื” ื›ึผึทืึฒืฉืึถึ–ืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถึฅืจ ืžึนืฉืึถึฝื”ืƒ ื•ึทื™ึผึนึฃืืžึถืจ ืžึนืฉืึถึฃื” ืึถึฝืœึพืึทื”ึฒืจึนึกืŸ ื•ึผืœึฐืึถืœึฐืขึธื–ึธืจึฉ ื•ึผืœึฐืึดึฝื™ืชึธืžึธึจืจโ€‰ื€ ื‘ึผึธื ึธึœื™ื• ืจึธึฝืืฉืึตื™ื›ึถึฅื ืึทืœึพืชึผึดืคึฐืจึธึฃืขื•ึผโ€‰ื€ ื•ึผื‘ึดื’ึฐื“ึตื™ื›ึถึคื ืœึนึฝืึพืชึดืคึฐืจึนึ™ืžื•ึผึ™ ื•ึฐืœึนึฃื ืชึธืžึปึ”ืชื•ึผ ื•ึฐืขึทึฅืœ ื›ึผื‡ืœึพื”ึธืขึตื“ึธึ–ื” ื™ึดืงึฐืฆึนึ‘ืฃ ื•ึทืึฒื—ึตื™ื›ึถืึ™ ื›ึผื‡ืœึพื‘ึผึตึฃื™ืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตึ”ืœ ื™ึดื‘ึฐื›ึผื•ึผึ™ ืึถืชึพื”ึทืฉื‚ึผึฐืจึตืคึธึ”ื” ืึฒืฉืึถึ–ืจ ืฉื‚ึธืจึทึฅืฃ ื™ื™ืƒ ื•ึผืžึดืคึผึถึฉืชึทื—ึฉ ืึนึจื”ึถืœ ืžื•ึนืขึตึœื“ ืœึนึคื ืชึตึฝืฆึฐืื•ึผึ™ ืคึผึถืŸึพืชึผึธืžึปึ”ืชื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ึพืฉืึถึ›ืžึถืŸ ืžึดืฉืึฐื—ึทึฅืช ื™ื™ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื›ึถึ‘ื ื•ึทึฝื™ึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึ–ื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื“ึฐื‘ึทึฅืจ ืžึนืฉืึถึฝื”ืƒ {ืค}

Moses called Mishael and Elzaphan, sons of Uzziel the uncle of Aaron, and said to them, โ€œCome forward and carry your kinsmen away from the front of the sanctuary to a place outside the camp.โ€ They came forward and carried them out of the camp by their tunics, as Moses had ordered. And Moses said to Aaron and to his sons Eleazar and Ithamar, โ€œDo not bare your heads and do not rend your clothes, lest you die and anger strike the whole community. But your kin, all the house of Israel, shall bewail the burning that ื™ื™ has wrought. And so do not go outside the entrance of the Tent of Meeting, lest you die, for "โ€™s anointing oil is upon you.โ€ And they did as Moses had bidden.

Pikuach nefesh is the term used to describe the halachic [Jewish legal] rule that decrees in any instance where a life is at risk, saving that life is more important than a potential or actual mitzvah [commandment or obligation]. The generally accepted categories of prohibitions that one may not violate even to save a life are idolatry, sexual sin, and murder.

(ื”) ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึทืจึฐืชึผึถึคื ืึถืชึพื—ึปืงึผึนืชึทื™ึ™ ื•ึฐืึถืชึพืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜ึทึ”ื™ ืึฒืฉืึถึจืจ ื™ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถึฅื” ืึนืชึธึ›ื ื”ึธืึธื“ึธึ–ื ื•ึธื—ึทึฃื™ ื‘ึผึธื”ึถึ‘ื ืึฒื ึดึ–ื™ ื™ื™ืƒ (ืก)

(5) "You shall keep My laws and My rules, and humankind shall do them and live by them: I am Adonai."

(ื˜ื–) ืœึนืึพืชึตืœึตึคืšึฐ ืจึธื›ึดื™ืœึ™ ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืžึผึถึ”ื™ืšึธ ืœึนึฅื ืชึทืขึฒืžึนึ–ื“ ืขึทืœึพื“ึผึทึฃื ืจึตืขึถึ‘ืšึธ ืึฒื ึดึ–ื™ ื™ื™ืƒ

(16) Do not stand idly by the blood of your neighbor: I am Adonai.

(ื”) ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืื‘ื“ ื ืคืฉ ืื—ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืขืœื” ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื™ื‘ื“ ืขื•ืœื ืžืœื. ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื™ื™ื ื ืคืฉ ืื—ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืขืœื” ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืงื™ื™ื ืขื•ืœื ืžืœื.

(5) Anyone who destroys a life is considered by Scripture to have destroyed an entire world; and anyone who saves a life is as if he saved an entire world.

ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื ื‘ืจื ืื“ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื“ืš ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืื‘ื“ ื ืคืฉ ืื—ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืขืœื” ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื™ื‘ื“ ืขื•ืœื ืžืœื ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื™ื™ื ื ืคืฉ ืื—ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืขืœื” ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืงื™ื™ื ืขื•ืœื ืžืœื

For this reason, one individual was created first, to teach that anyone who causes one life to be lost from Israel it is as if they have destroyed the entire world. And anyone who saves one life from Israel- it is as if they have preserved an entire world.

(ื) ื“ึฐื—ื•ึผื™ึธื” ื”ึดื™ื ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืึตืฆึถืœ ืกึทื›ึผึธื ึทืช ื ึฐืคึธืฉืื•ึนืช ื›ึผึดืฉืึฐืึธืจ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฆึฐื•ึนืช. ืœึฐืคึดื™ื›ึธืšึฐ ื—ื•ึนืœึถื” ืฉืึถื™ึผึตืฉื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืกึทื›ึผึธื ึธื” ืขื•ึนืฉื‚ึดื™ืŸ ืœื•ึน ื›ึผึธืœ ืฆึฐืจึธื›ึธื™ื• ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืจื•ึนืคึตื ืึปืžึผึธืŸ ืฉืึถืœ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ืžึธืงื•ึนื. ืกึธืคึตืง ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืฆึธืจึดื™ืšึฐ ืœึฐื—ึทืœึผึตืœ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืึถืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืกึธืคึตืง ืฉืึถืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืฆึธืจึดื™ืšึฐ. ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ืึดื ืึธืžึทืจ ืจื•ึนืคึตื ืœึฐื—ึทืœึผึตืœ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืึถืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ื•ึฐืจื•ึนืคึตื ืึทื—ึตืจ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืฆึธืจึดื™ืšึฐ ืžึฐื—ึทืœึผึฐืœึดื™ืŸ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืึถืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืฉืึถืกึผึฐืคึตืง ื ึฐืคึธืฉืื•ึนืช ื“ึผื•ึนื—ึถื” ืึถืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช:

(1) Like all the other commandments, Shabbat is overridden by danger to life. Hence we execute all of the needs of an ill person in mortal danger according to the word of an expert physician in that place on Shabbat. When there is a doubt whether there is a need to profane the Shabbat for him or there is not a need, and likewise if [one] physician said to profane the Shabbat for him but another physician said he does not need [it], we profane the Shabbat. For [even] a doubt about [danger to] life overrides the Shabbat....

ืžืจ ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ ืืžืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื›ื ื“ืืžืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ืื ื™ ืืคื™' ืื™ื›ื ืžืื” ื“ืืžืจื™ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ื™ื“ื™ื” ืฉืžืขื™ื ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื‘ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžืจืช ื ืคืฉื•
Mar bar Rav Ashi said: Any instance where an ill person says: I need to eat, even if there are one hundred expert doctors who say that he does not need to eat, we listen to his own opinion and feed him, as it is stated: โ€œThe heart knows the bitterness of its soulโ€ (Proverbs 14:10).