Targum
Aramaic Targum
Targumim on the books of Writings, ranging in style and date of composition.
Onkelos
Primary Targum on the Torah accepted in the Talmud as authoritative; read publicly in synagogues in talmudic times and still today by Yemenite Jews.
Tafsir Rasag
Rav Saadia Gaon’s influential 10th-century translation of the Torah into Arabic using Hebrew characters.
Targum Jerusalem
Pieces of Targum on scattered phrases throughout the Torah.
Targum Jonathan
Primary Targum on the books of the Prophets, read publicly in synagogues in talmudic times and still today by Yemenite Jews.
Targum Neofiti
Targum on the Torah that incorporates expansions on biblical text, compiled in Israel.
Visualizations
Explore interconnections among texts with our interactive visualizations.All Visualizations ›
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