Bnei Mitzvah Family Learning Session Four: Tu B'Shvat and Environmentalism

באחד בשבט ראש השנה לאילן כדברי בית שמאי בית הלל אומרים בחמשה עשר בו:

On the first of Shevat is the New Year for the tree; the fruit of a tree that was formed prior to that date belong to the previous tithe year and cannot be tithed together with fruit that was formed after that date; this ruling is in accordance with the statement of Beit Shammai. But Beit Hillel say: The New Year for trees is on the fifteenth of Shevat.

What other reasons might there be for having a 'new year' celebration for trees?

דברים כ׳:י״ט-כ׳

(יט) כִּֽי־תָצ֣וּר אֶל־עִיר֩ יָמִ֨ים רַבִּ֜ים לְֽהִלָּחֵ֧ם עָלֶ֣יהָ לְתָפְשָׂ֗הּ לֹֽא־תַשְׁחִ֤ית אֶת־עֵצָהּ֙ לִנְדֹּ֤חַ עָלָיו֙ גַּרְזֶ֔ן כִּ֚י מִמֶּ֣נּוּ תֹאכֵ֔ל וְאֹת֖וֹ לֹ֣א תִכְרֹ֑ת כִּ֤י הָֽאָדָם֙ עֵ֣ץ הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה לָבֹ֥א מִפָּנֶ֖יךָ בַּמָּצֽוֹר׃ (כ) רַ֞ק עֵ֣ץ אֲשֶׁר־תֵּדַ֗ע כִּֽי־לֹא־עֵ֤ץ מַאֲכָל֙ ה֔וּא אֹת֥וֹ תַשְׁחִ֖ית וְכָרָ֑תָּ וּבָנִ֣יתָ מָצ֗וֹר עַל־הָעִיר֙ אֲשֶׁר־הִ֨וא עֹשָׂ֧ה עִמְּךָ֛ מִלְחָמָ֖ה עַ֥ד רִדְתָּֽהּ׃ (פ)

Deuteronomy 20:19-20

(19) When in your war against a city you have to besiege it a long time in order to capture it, you must not destroy its trees, wielding the ax against them. You may eat of them, but you must not cut them down. Are trees of the field human to withdraw before you into the besieged city? (20) Only trees that you know do not yield food may be destroyed; you may cut them down for constructing siegeworks against the city that is waging war on you, until it has been reduced.

What does this text mean? Do you agree with what it says?

בראשית ב׳:ט״ו

(טו) וַיִּקַּ֛ח יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶת־הָֽאָדָ֑ם וַיַּנִּחֵ֣הוּ בְגַן־עֵ֔דֶן לְעָבְדָ֖הּ וּלְשָׁמְרָֽהּ׃

Genesis 2:15

(15) The LORD God took the man and placed him in the garden of Eden, to till it and tend it.

תענית כ״ג א:ט״ו

יומא חד הוה אזל באורחא חזייה לההוא גברא דהוה נטע חרובא אמר ליה האי עד כמה שנין טעין אמר ליה עד שבעין שנין אמר ליה פשיטא לך דחיית שבעין שנין אמר ליה האי [גברא] עלמא בחרובא אשכחתיה כי היכי דשתלי לי אבהתי שתלי נמי לבראי

Taanit 23a:15

One day, he was walking along the road when he saw a certain man planting a carob tree. Ḥoni said to him: This tree, after how many years will it bear fruit? The man said to him: It will not produce fruit until seventy years have passed. Ḥoni said to him: Is it obvious to you that you will live seventy years, that you expect to benefit from this tree? He said to him: That man himself found a world full of carob trees. Just as my ancestors planted for me, I too am planting for my descendants.

What can these texts teach us about our responsibilities to the earth?

Read some of the following articles (printed out). What is your initial reaction to it?
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/jan/05/south-east-england-at-risk-of-water-shortages-this-summer-officials-warn
https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/jan/05/uk-coal-fired-power-plants-close-2025
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/life/town-turned-back-plastic/
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/01/02/no-time-leftovers-astonishing-scale-food-waste-uk-around-world/
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-42571484
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-42564948
English

This Tu B'shvat, what commitments can we make to protect/improve the environment?

Tu B'Shvat should have been the bar mitzvah for trees, except that there is a yearly cycle. Even though the produce of the new year has been decreed at Rosh Hashanah, still, there are other considerations such as where the rain will fall, how much rain will fall and when it will fall.
For a person the cycle is not yearly, but it is a life cycle. Each year the person becomes one year older on their birthday. The birthday is the individual "new year". The bar or bat mitzvah is the "new year" for the teenager, as they begin their development into adulthood.
Adapted from
Tu B'Shvat, New Year or Bar Mitzvah?
by Avi Lazerson
http://www.jewishmag.com/99mag/tu/tu.htm