Save "Is Anything Behind the Curtain? 

Spirituality in a World Without Promises
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Is Anything Behind the Curtain? Spirituality in a World Without Promises

(א) לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ מִזְמ֥וֹר לְדָוִֽד׃ (ב) הַשָּׁמַ֗יִם מְֽסַפְּרִ֥ים כְּבֽוֹד־אֵ֑ל וּֽמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יָ֝דָ֗יו מַגִּ֥יד הָרָקִֽיעַ׃ (ג) י֣וֹם לְ֭יוֹם יַבִּ֣יעַֽ אֹ֑מֶר וְלַ֥יְלָה לְּ֝לַ֗יְלָה יְחַוֶּה־דָּֽעַת׃

(1) For the leader. A psalm of David. (2) The heavens declare the glory of God, the sky proclaims His handiwork. (3) Day to day makes utterance, night to night speaks out.

מתני׳ משניטל ארון אבן היתה שם מימות נביאים ראשונים ושתייה היתה נקראת... גמ׳ משנגנז לא קתני אלא משניטל תנן כמאן דאמר ארון גלה לבבל דתניא רבי אליעזר אומר ארון גלה לבבל שנאמר (דברי הימים ב לו, י) ולתשובת השנה שלח המלך נבוכדנאצר ויביאהו בבלה עם כלי חמדת בית ה' רבי שמעון בן יוחאי אומר ארון גלה לבבל שנאמר (ישעיהו לט, ו) לא יותר דבר אמר ה' אלו עשרת הדברות שבו רבי יהודה (בן לקיש) אומר ארון במקומו נגנז שנאמר (מלכים א ח, ח) ויראו ראשי הבדים מן הקדש על פני הדביר ולא יראו החוצה ויהיו שם עד היום הזה

MISHNA: After the Ark was taken into exile, there was a rock in the Holy of Holies from the days of the early prophets, David and Samuel, who laid the groundwork for construction of the Temple, and this stone was called the foundation rock... GEMARA: The Gemara comments with regard to the wording of the mishna: It does not teach: After the Ark was buried, but: After it was taken. If so, we learned this mishna in accordance with the opinion of the one who said that the Ark was exiled to Babylonia and was not buried in its place, as it was taught in a baraita: Rabbi Eliezer says: The Ark was exiled to Babylonia, as it is stated: “And at the turn of the year King Nebuchadnezzar sent and brought him to Babylonia, along with the precious vessels of the House of the Lord” (II Chronicles 36:10). These precious vessels must include the Ark. Likewise, Rabbi Shimon ben Yoḥai says: The Ark was exiled to Babylonia, as it is stated: “Behold, the days come that all that is in your house, and that which your fathers have stored until this day, shall be carried to Babylonia; nothing [davar] shall be left, says the Lord” (Isaiah 39:6). These are the Ten Commandments [dibrot] that are inside it; they too shall not be left behind. Rabbi Yehuda ben Lakish says: The Ark was buried in its place, as it is stated: “And the ends of the staves were seen from the sacred place before the partition, but they could not be seen without; and they are there to this day” (I Kings 8:8).

רב יהודה רמי כתיב (מלכים א ח, ח) ויראו ראשי הבדים וכתיב (מלכים א ח, ח) ולא יראו החוצה הא כיצד נראין ואין נראין תניא נמי הכי ויראו ראשי הבדים יכול לא יהו זזין ממקומן ת"ל ויאריכו הבדים יכול יהו מקרעין בפרוכת ויוצאין ת"ל ולא יראו החוצה הא כיצד דוחקין ובולטין ויוצאין בפרוכת ונראין כשני דדי אשה שנא' (שיר השירים א, יג) צרור המור דודי לי בין שדי ילין

§ Rabbi Yehuda raised a contradiction. It is written: “The ends of the staves were seen,” and it is written in that same verse: “But they could not be seen without” (I Kings 8:8). How can one reconcile this contradiction? They were seen and yet not seen, i.e., the staves were partially visible. This was also taught in a baraita: “The ends of the staves were seen”; one might have thought that they did not move from their position and did not protrude at all. Therefore, the verse states: “And the staves were so long.” One might have thought that they ripped through the curtain and emerged on the other side; therefore, the verse states: “They could not be seen without.” How is this so? The staves of the Ark pushed and protruded and stuck out against the curtain toward the outside, and appeared like the two breasts of a woman pushing against her clothes. As it is stated: “My beloved is to me like a bundle of myrrh, that lies between my breasts” (Song of Songs 1:13).

(א) וַיֹּאמֶר יְיָ אֶל מֹשֶׁה בֹּא אֶל פַּרְעֹה... (שמות י)
א כִּי הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ מֵחֲמַת רַחֲמָנוּתוֹ בָּרָא אֶת הָעוֹלָם, כִּי רָצָה לְגַלּוֹת רַחֲמָנוּתוֹ, וְאִם לֹא הָיָה בְּרִיאַת הָעוֹלָם עַל מִי הָיָה מַרְאֶה רַחֲמָנוּתוֹ. וְעַל כֵּן בָּרָא אֶת כָּל הַבְּרִיאָה מִתְּחִלַּת הָאֲצִילוּת, עַד סוֹף נְקֻדַּת הַמֶּרְכָּז שֶׁל עוֹלָם הַגַּשְׁמִי, כְּדֵי לְהַרְאוֹת רַחֲמָנוּתוֹ. וְכַאֲשֶׁר רָצָה הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ לִבְרֹא אֶת הָעוֹלָם, לֹא הָיָה מָקוֹם לְבָרְאוֹ, מֵחֲמַת שֶׁהָיָה הַכֹּל אֵין סוֹף, עַל־כֵּן צִמְצֵם אֶת הָאוֹר לִצְדָדִין, וְעַל יְדֵי הַצִּמְצוּם הַזֶּה נַעֲשָׂה חָלָל הַפָּנוּי, וּבְתוֹךְ הֶחָלָל הַפָּנוּי הַזֶּה, נִתְהַוּוּ כָּל הַיָּמִים וְהַמִּדּוֹת, שֶׁהֵם בְּרִיאַת הָעוֹלָם (כמ"ש בעץ חיים בתחילתוֹ). וְזֶה הֶחָלָל הַפָּנוּי הָיָה מֻכְרָח לִבְרִיאַת הָעוֹלָם, כִּי בִּלְתִּי הֶחָלָל הַפָּנוּי לֹא הָיָה שׁוּם מָקוֹם לִבְרִיאַת הָעוֹלָם כַּנַּ"ל. וְזֶה הַצִּמְצוּם שֶׁל הֶחָלָל הַפָּנוּי אִי אֶפְשָׁר לְהָבִין וּלְהַשִּׂיג כִּי אִם לֶעָתִיד לָבוֹא, כִּי צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר בּוֹ שְׁנֵי הֲפָכִים: יֵשׁ וָאַיִן, כִּי הֶחָלָל הַפָּנוּי הוּא עַל־יְדֵי הַצִּמְצוּם, שֶׁכִּבְיָכוֹל צִמְצֵם אֱלֹקוּתוֹ מִשָּׁם, וְאֵין שָׁם אֱלֹקוּת כִּבְיָכוֹל, כִּי אִם לֹא כֵן אֵינוֹ פָּנוּי, וְהַכֹּל אֵין סוֹף, וְאֵין מָקוֹם לִבְרִיאַת הָעוֹלָם כְּלָל. אֲבָל בֶּאֱמֶת לַאֲמִתּוֹ, בְּוַדַּאי אַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן יֵשׁ שָׁם גַּם כֵּן אֱלֹקוּת, כִּי בְּוַדַּאי אֵין שׁוּם דָּבָר בִּלְעֲדֵי חִיּוּתוֹ, וְעַל־כֵּן אִי אֶפְשָׁר לְהַשִּׂיג כְּלָל בְּחִינַת חָלָל הַפָּנוּי עַד לֶעָתִיד לָבוֹא:

(1) "Then the Lord said to Moses, 'Go to Pharaoh... " (Exodus 10:1-4)
1. The Holy One, Blessed be He, created the world in His compassion, wanting to express His compassion - were there no world, to whom would He show compassion? Therefore He created all of creation, from the highest levels of emanation to the most central point of the physical world, in order to show his compassion. Yet when He wanted to create the world, there was no space for its creation, since everything was infinite ein sof. He therefore had to retract the light to the sides, and from this retraction an empty void was formed. It was in this empty void that he created time and space, and this was the creation of the world. This empty void was necessary for creation, since without it there would be no space for the world. Yet this [concept of] retraction to form the empty void is impossible to comprehend in our time, only at the end of days, since it entails a paradox of two opposites: presence and absence. Since He retracted His divine nature from the void, it is as if there is no divinity there, otherwise it could not be empty, and it would just be complete ein sof with no room for the world. But the deeper truth is that nonetheless, there certainly is divinity even there, because nothing exists without His vitality. As such, [the concept of] the empty void is incomprehensible until future time.

As an expert on heresy, Rabbi Nachman was careful to distinguish between two types of atheism. The first type of atheist is influenced by science or philosophy. To this type of atheism, he had an answer. Due to the primordial disaster of the shattering of the vessels, sparks of spiritual energy are scattered in every realm of thought, glints and gleams of divine truth. By seizing on these sparks held in common, the Rebbe could argue the ideological atheist back to the complete truth.
But a second type of atheism cannot be answered by an argument. It is rooted in a profound feeling of emptiness. Franz Kafka defined this feeling for the whole world, for his lived with it every day, as he wrote in his diary: “I am divided from all things by a hollow space.”
It so happens that “hollow space” (in Hebrew, halal hapanui) is how the kabbalah of the Ari describes the emptiness left by the divine withdrawal, the tzimtzum.
Hasidic masters like Rabbi Nachman understood this primordial event as ongoing and archetypal. We detect the tzimtzum in our own lives. Depression, for instance, is a personal manifestation of tzimtzum. And if we go deep enough into our own hollow places, we can feel that the root of all our despair is the total absence of God.
This is the atheism of the hollow space. It is a place of nothingness Rabbi Nachman knew personally and deliberately faced into again and again.
Rabbi Nachman said that this second kind of atheism cannot be answered with an argument.
It can only be answered with a song.
Rodger Kamenetz
Burnt Books: Rabbi Nachman of Bratslav and Franz Kafka (pg 25-26)
Belief does not necessarily depend on certainty...In certain cases, the "maybe," or the belief in the possibility of a thing, is also faith in its fullest sense. The very belief in a positive option transforms one's sense of life...I have often found that what transforms people's lives is not so much a certainty regarding the religious world as a sense of possibility, a "maybe" that manifests as a realistic option and excites them, infusing them with feelings of liberation and redemption. This sense, on its own, is to them proof enough of the truth at the root of the "maybe."
Rav Shagar
"My Faith: Faith in a Postmodern World"
(Translation: Ellie Leshem)

(ב) בֶּן עַזַּאי אוֹמֵר, הֱוֵי רָץ לְמִצְוָה קַלָּה כְבַחֲמוּרָה, וּבוֹרֵחַ מִן הָעֲבֵרָה. שֶׁמִּצְוָה גּוֹרֶרֶת מִצְוָה, וַעֲבֵרָה גוֹרֶרֶת עֲבֵרָה. שֶׁשְּׂכַר מִצְוָה, מִצְוָה. וּשְׂכַר עֲבֵרָה, עֲבֵרָה:

(2) Ben Azai says: Run to do an easy commandment as to a difficult one, and flee from sin; since a commandment leads to another commandment, and a sin leads to another sin; since the reward for a commandment is another commandment, and the reward for a sin is another sin.

אמר לפניו רבונו של עולם הראיתני תורתו הראני שכרו אמר לו חזור [לאחורך] חזר לאחוריו ראה ששוקלין בשרו במקולין אמר לפניו רבש"ע זו תורה וזו שכרה א"ל שתוק כך עלה במחשבה לפני

[Moses] said before Him, "Master of the Universe! You have shown me [Akiva's] Torah; show me his reward." He said to him, "Turn backwards." He turned backwards, and saw his flesh being weighed in a butcher shop. He said before Him, "Master of the Universe! Such Torah, and such reward!" He said to him, "Be silent. This is what I have decided."

רַק יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל־יְדֵי אֱמוּנָה עוֹבְרִים עַל כָּל הַחָכְמוֹת, וַאֲפִלּוּ עַל הָאֶפִּיקוֹרְסוּת הַזֹּאת הַבָּא מֵחָלָל הַפָּנוּי, כִּי הֵם מַאֲמִינִים בְּהַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ בְּלִי שׁוּם חֲקִירָה וְחָכְמָה, רַק בֶּאֱמוּנָה שְׁלֵמָה. כִּי הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ מְמַלֵּא כָּל עָלְמִין וְסוֹבֵב כָּל עָלְמִין

Yet Israel, by virtue of their faith, transcend all kinds of wisdom, and even over the heresy of the void, and don't engage in any kind of inquiry or wisdom, but have complete faith in the Holy One, who "fills all the worlds and surrounds all the worlds." (Ra'aya Meheimana 225).

STERN: Is not the quest of religion, though, to give one a sense of inner peace?
HESCHEL: But you have to understand the meaning of inner peace. Let me give you first an example of a person who has no problems. Let me give you a dramatic, fictitious picture. Here stands a man, and I’ll tell you, this is a man who has no problems. Do you know why? He’s an idiot!
Because a man has problems. And the more complicated, the richer he is, the deeper his problems. This is our distinction, to have problems, to face problems. Life is a challenge, not just a satisfaction. And the calamity of our time is to a Jew’s life, to pleasure only. I’m not against pleasure. But the greatness of life is experience, in facing a challenge, rather than just having satis­faction.
I would be frightened if I were to be ruled by a person who is satisfied and has the answers to every­ thing.
In a very deep sense, religion has two things. First of all, it’s an answer to the ultimate prob­lems of human existence. And it also has another side. It is a challenge to all answers. It is living in this polarity of these two points.
Carl Stern interview with Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel (1972)
After All That’s Happened, I Meet God Halfway
Rabbi Josh Bolton
I say the Kiddush.
I don’t say the Grace after Meals.
I study the Torah.
I don’t own two sets of dishes.
I wrap tefillin, occasionally.
I don’t ever attend minyan.
I long for the Land of Israel.
I don’t have mezuzot on all my doorframes.
I read the Jewish periodicals.
I don’t mind kindling a flame on the Sabbath.
I give charity to the poor person.
I don’t fast on the 9th of Av.
I like klezmer music.
I don’t prioritize kosher over organic.
I left my son’s hair uncut to three years old.
I don’t live within walking distance of the shul.
I circumcised my son on the eighth day.
I don’t know, I may get more tattoos one day.
I have a social circle comprised mostly of Jews.
I don’t really care if the Torah was written by Man or God.
I have a prominent bookshelf full of traditional texts.
I don’t always behave nicely with orthodox educators.
I weep in Yad Vashem.
I don’t mind listening to salacious gossip.
I wear a kippah.
I don’t make Havdallah.
I speak Hebrew like a child – but I do speak.
I don’t regard the voices of the ancient rabbis to be more sacred than our own voices.
I hang a picture of Jerusalem in my living room.
I don’t believe continuity for continuity’s sake is a compelling reason for Jewish life.
I prayed at the grave of Menachem Schneerson -- at twilight, with my brother.
I don’t know how to perform the ritual of Hoshannah Rabba.
I take every opportunity to submerge in the mikveh of Isaac Luria.
I don’t think spirituality demands wearing long skirts or a yarmulke.
I have memorized large swaths of the liturgy.
I don’t believe the Va’ad Kashrut serves the interests of the Jewish community.
I am a devoted student of the Hasidic masters.
I don’t really clean my kitchen for Pesach.
We must free ourselves from seeing discussions of faith as providing reliable support, something to hang on to. Faith is its own category - I can pray to God, I can be part of the faith, I can identify myself as a believer - but once someone brings ‘proof’ for faith, I am no longer a ‘believer’. Proof and faith are mutually exclusive. Bringing a proof to me does not make me a believer. A proof of that sort is like a gun pointed at my head, and it cannot influence my inner being.
Rav Shagar
"Judaism and Postmodernism -- Concluding Thoughts"
(Translation: Alan Brill & Moshe Simkovitch)