The Tora has many obligations however, it is not always clear who is liable and who is not.
The Minsha of Kiddushin 29 says "With regard to all mitzvot of a son with regard to his father, men are obligated to perform them and women are exempt. And with regard to all mitzvot of a father with regard to his son, both men and women are obligated to perform them. The mishna notes an additional difference between the obligations of men and women in the performance of mitzvot: With regard to all positive, time-bound mitzvot, i.e., those which must be performed at specific times, men are obligated to perform them and women are exempt.And with regard to all positive mitzvot that are not time bound, both men and women are obligated to perform them."
This seems clear enough if we understand time-bound and non time-bound mitzvot. So what are some examples? Maimonides clears this up for us in his Mishneh Tora (Foreign Worship and Customs of the Nations 12:3) where he states "All the Torah's prohibitions apply equally to men and women, with the exception of the prohibition against shaving, cutting off the corners of one's head, and the prohibition against priests contracting impurity through contact with a dead body.
Women are not obligated with regard to all positive commandments which apply from time to time and are not constant obligations, with the exception of the sanctification of [the Shabbat] day, eating matzah on Pesach night, eating and offering the Paschal sacrifice, hakhel, and the festive peace-offering for which they are obligated."
Women are not obligated with regard to all positive commandments which apply from time to time and are not constant obligations, with the exception of the sanctification of [the Shabbat] day, eating matzah on Pesach night, eating and offering the Paschal sacrifice, hakhel, and the festive peace-offering for which they are obligated."
So as we can see the liability for most things in the obligation of men and not women. What about sons? Chazal state ibid "we learn in this mishna that which the Sages taught in a baraita: A father is obligated with regard to his son in [five things some say six] to circumcise him, and to redeem him if he is a firstborn son who must be redeemed by payment to a priest, and to teach him Torah, and to marry him to a woman, and to teach him a trade. And some say: A father is also obligated to teach his son to swim." R. Yehuda says: "Any father who does not teach his son a trade teaches him banditry [listut]."
From here we can see that the Gemara expresses surprise at this statement: "Can it enter your mind that he actually teaches him banditry? Halila! Rather, the baraita is trying to teach us that it is as though his father teaches his son banditry. Since the son has no profession with which to support himself, he is likely to turn to theft for a livelihood."
In conclusion, may the knowledge of our obligations make us more draw ever closer to Hashem.
Shavua tov!