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A Jew Without Sinai
(א) וְאֵ֛לֶּה תּוֹלְדֹ֥ת אַהֲרֹ֖ן וּמֹשֶׁ֑ה בְּי֗וֹם דִּבֶּ֧ר יְהֹוָ֛ה אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֖ה בְּהַ֥ר סִינָֽי׃ (ב) וְאֵ֛לֶּה שְׁמ֥וֹת בְּֽנֵי־אַהֲרֹ֖ן הַבְּכֹ֣ר ׀ נָדָ֑ב וַאֲבִיה֕וּא אֶלְעָזָ֖ר וְאִיתָמָֽר׃ (ג) אֵ֗לֶּה שְׁמוֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י אַהֲרֹ֔ן הַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים הַמְּשֻׁחִ֑ים אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖ם לְכַהֵֽן׃ (ד) וַיָּ֣מׇת נָדָ֣ב וַאֲבִיה֣וּא לִפְנֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֡ה בְּֽהַקְרִבָם֩ אֵ֨שׁ זָרָ֜ה לִפְנֵ֤י יְהֹוָה֙ בְּמִדְבַּ֣ר סִינַ֔י וּבָנִ֖ים לֹא־הָי֣וּ לָהֶ֑ם וַיְכַהֵ֤ן אֶלְעָזָר֙ וְאִ֣יתָמָ֔ר עַל־פְּנֵ֖י אַהֲרֹ֥ן אֲבִיהֶֽם׃ {פ}
(1) This is the line of Aaron and Moses at the time that יהוה spoke with Moses on Mount Sinai. (2) These were the names of Aaron’s sons: Nadab, the first-born, and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar; (3) those were the names of Aaron’s sons, the anointed priests who were ordained for priesthood. (4) But Nadab and Abihu died by the will of יהוה, when they offered alien fire before יהוה in the wilderness of Sinai; and they left no sons. So it was Eleazar and Ithamar who served as priests in the lifetime of their father Aaron.
(ה) וַיָּבֹ֞א יִתְר֨וֹ חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֛ה וּבָנָ֥יו וְאִשְׁתּ֖וֹ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֑ה אֶל־הַמִּדְבָּ֗ר אֲשֶׁר־ה֛וּא חֹנֶ֥ה שָׁ֖ם הַ֥ר הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃
(5) Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, brought Moses’ sons and wife to him in the wilderness, where he was encamped at the mountain of God.
Mekhilta de-R. Shimon ben Yohai to Shemot 18:2
He took his wife and sons and rode them on the donkey. Hashem told Aharon, “Go and greet your brother in the desert.” He went out to greet him and started to kiss him and said to him, “Moshe my brother, where were you all of these years?” He responded to him, “In Midian.” He said to him, “Who are these people with you?” He responded to him, “My wife and sons.” He said to him, “To where are you leading them?” He responded, “To Egypt.”
He said to him, “On the first ones (meaning the Jews who are already there) we are upset, and how you are bringing the later ones (meaning his sons, Jews coming into Egypt for the first time)!?” Immediately he said to her, “Return to your father’s house.”
Talmud Bavli Zevahim 116a
The sons of R. Hiyya and R. Yehoshua ben Levi—one says: [The story of] Yitro was before matan torah; but the other says: Yitro was after matan torah.
(ל) וַיָּקִ֧ימוּ לָהֶ֛ם בְּנֵי־דָ֖ן אֶת־הַפָּ֑סֶל וִ֠יהֽוֹנָתָ֠ן בֶּן־גֵּרְשֹׁ֨ם בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁ֜ה ה֣וּא וּבָנָ֗יו הָי֤וּ כֹֽהֲנִים֙ לְשֵׁ֣בֶט הַדָּנִ֔י עַד־י֖וֹם גְּל֥וֹת הָאָֽרֶץ׃ (לא) וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ לָהֶ֔ם אֶת־פֶּ֥סֶל מִיכָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה כׇּל־יְמֵ֛י הֱי֥וֹת בֵּית־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּשִׁלֹֽה׃ {פ}
(30) The Danites set up the sculptured image for themselves; and Jonathan son of Gershom son of Manasseh, and his descendants, served as priests to the Danite tribe until the land went into exile. (31) They maintained the sculptured image that Micah had made throughout the time that the House of God stood at Shiloh.
Talmud Bavli Bava Batra 109b
But was he a son of Menasheh? Was he not the son of Moshe—as it is written: “Children of Moshe: Gershom and Eliezer”!? Rather, because he did the deed of Menasheh, the verse linked him to Menasheh.
Talmud Yerushalmi Berakhot 9:2, 13d
R. Huna, Shimon Kamateira in the name of R. Shmuel bar Nahman: “And Yehonatan ben Gershom ben Menasheh”—the nun is suspended: if he merits—son of Moshe; but if not—son of Menasheh.