שאלת רב: מי היה מלך מצרים בשנת המבול?
תשובת רב: לפי ספר בראשית נח נולד בשנת 1056 ולכן המבול לפי הספר היה בשנת 1656. לפי חשבון הרבנים השנה עכשיו 5786 ולכן המבול היה 4130 שנים בעבר. בשנת 2105 לפני הספירה הרגילה.
בשנה ההיא היו שתי ממלכות מצרים במקביל ממלכת ממפיס וממלכת טבס.
השושלת בממפיס אז בתחילת שושלת עשירית, ולכן כנראה שמו אוס אר שמלך משנת 2107 עד 2104 ולא מת במבול כי חשבון הרבנים טעות.
בממלכת טבס מלך אינטף השני כחמישים שנה, משנת 2117 עד 2070 ולא מת במבול ולכן ידוע שחשבון הרבנים טעות.
להלן החישוב למצוא שמות מלכי מצרים אבל לפני כן ההיסטוריון יוספוס שמר האמונה היהודית שנח נולד בשנת 1956 אחרי אדם. אומנם שמר השנים שלפני אברהם באמונה המקורית לא כספר בראשית ולכן נח נולד 900 שנה יותר לפני אברהם, מחשבון הרבנים היינו לפני 5030 שנים בשנת 3000 לפני הספירה. ולכן מובן שאין נייר מאז כי "קודם שכתבו" או כי כול הנייר ועורות וקלף נהרס במבול.
יש טוענים שהמבול היה 4000 לפני הספירה הרגילה.
אומנם "באמת משל היה" ולא היה מבול מים במציאות.
עכשיו חשבון מלכי מצרים.
introduction: in this generation we have several incomplete records that overlap. i attached the data from 3 available sources, that conflicted, into one list here. see end note about names between "meni menes until ka kau".
DATA: dynasties "1-5 ruled 313 years" in Turin papyr. d1 must have started 2280+ 313 +16 = -2609 around 2600 b.c. so pyramid 2650 before first united dynasty.
however, the cities and lists indicated two parallel dynasties:
22 kings from Menes until 2281 b.c. besides 17 kings before 2280 b.c. in Memphis.
for calculating the first dynasty we must count backward.
39 kings t. ruled 313 years: average rule was 8 years each. plus 6th dynasty 2 kings, 2*8= 16y. so 2281+ 16= 2297 started d6, 17k*8y=136y, 313-136= 177y, +2297 2474 b.c.
CONCLUSION based on data:
first dynasty started ruling around 2475 b.c.
d1+2 [c. 2475-2400 b.c.] 9 kings from Menes ruled in Thinis [Tannis? but see endnote about king names] for around 72 years.
d3+4 ruled 2416-2280 b.c. in Memphis [136 years].
d5+6 ruled 2400-2281 b.c. in heliopolis. 15 kings 120 years [source c. +t. 2k+13k] TOTAL "313 years from first dynasty to end of fifth dynasty." source Turin papyr. plus 2 kings in 6th dynasty until 2281 b.c.
TIMELINE
2475 bc d1+2 nine kings from Menes (until 2400 b.c.)
2416 bc d3+4 Memphis 17 kings (until 2280 bc)
2400 bc d5 104 years 13 kings 2401-2297 b.c.
2297 bc d6 2 kings 2297- 2281 b.c.
2280 bc d7 started
KINGS: 39 kings -22 [t=a but see end note about conflicts] =17 kings in Memphis.
sources: Turin papyr=t. a=Abydos stone in temple Seti.
Abydos stone has 22 names from meni. see end note about conflicts.
Turin Papyr has 39 names from meni including in Memphis. indicated 17 kings in memphis, but other list was "incomplete" due to memphis dynasty at same time.
MEMPHIS dynasty: d3+4 ruled from -2416 for 136 years, 17 kings named in turin papyr but "poor state of papyr" t. until -2280 d7 memphis. (d5+6 in heliopolis.)
continued d7 in memphis
d7+8 in memphis c, 11 kings 170y.
d678 13kings t, 187y t, but d6 in hel. 2 so 11 kings
compute years: 230y c d7-10. 6-8d= 187y t. d6-8 minus d6, 2k 16y like d1, so 187-16 around 170y d7+8, (so 230y-170y=60y d9+10)
kings: 11 names Abydos stone Seti:
1 khaf re (23a) [av. 16y each] from -2280 c
for 230y in memphis to 2050, alongside thebes
11 kings
end d8 -2110
d9+ 10 in Memphis c. from 2110 b.c. 18 kings t. 34a-52a, ruled 60y *becaus know 230y total 230y-170y=60y.
18 kings
18 n'k'pep until -2050
end d10 -2050 [total 230y to d7 start -2280] note: prob only 15k to pepi! but pepi really hel.
d11 in thebes 6k:
1 nefer =n. ka [good soul] annu52, intef 1 c 2133-2118 16y
2 n. ka ure = intef 2 c 2117-2069 49y
3 n. ka hor = intef 3 c 2068-2061 8y
4 n. ir a= ment 1 c 2060-2010 51y same time as memphis c
5 neb t = neb a so ment 2 c 2009-1998 12y
6 sankhk a =t last so ment 3 c 1997-1991 7y total d11 142y 6k.
d11 2133 to 1991 142y in thebes! 6k c match 6k t. 143y t matched total 1991 c. has nebhap sankhk calld mentu2 but last d11 but 6 are mentu 3 but 6k t.
d12 at ittawi: known
king names: 11 names Abydos stone Seti:
1 khaf re (23a) [av. 16y each] from -2280 c
for 230y in memphis to 2050, alongside thebes
2 men ka+
3 shep
4 us er kaf
5 sa hu a= ne tiq t
6 ka ka i =ka t n'k'k's
7 nefer ef =t
8 ni us er a=ibi t
9 men ka+
10 djed ka re not djedu before unis
11 unas 33a but 39 t but unis
end d8 -2110
d9+ 10 in Memphis c. from 2110 b.c. 18 kings t. 34a-52a, ruled 60y *becaus know 230y total 230y-170y=60y.
1 teti 34a fix c, av. 3y each,
2 us er
3 me ry a=nefer ka ra t
4 me ren re a=khety t
5 nefer ka re 1
6 me ren+ a 7t
7 neter ka soul re
8 men ka re a = shed t
9 nefer ka good soul re 2
10 n'k' neb
11 djed
12 n'k' khen
13 me ren+
14 sne fer a 5t?
15 ne ka re
16 n'k' tru
17 n'k' hor
18 n'k'pep until -2050
end d10 -2050 [total 230y to d7 start -2280] note: prob only 15k to pepi! but pepi really hel.
d11 in thebes 6k:
1 nefer =n. ka [good soul] annu52, intef 1 c 2133-2118 16y
2 n. ka ure = intef 2 c 2117-2069 49y
3 n. ka hor = intef 3 c 2068-2061 8y
4 n. ir a= ment 1 c 2060-2010 51y same time as memphis c
5 neb t = neb a so ment 2 c 2009-1998 12y
6 sankhk a =t last so ment 3 c 1997-1991 7y total d11 142y 6k.
d11 2133 to 1991 142y in thebes! 6k c match 6k t. 143y t matched total 1991 c. has nebhap sankhk calld mentu2 but last d11 but 6 are mentu 3 but 6k t.
d12 at ittawi: known
d13 see link
problems:
problems: pepi 2 til 2281 end d6 hel. til intef ?k until 57 neb menuhotep 1= mentuhotep 1 2060 +2, before amenemhat d12 a59!
between to ment, 18 to pepi in d6 so d7 to ment is 3? or 18 but 3 same so 15k between
more problems
pepi 1 2400 - 2375 then pepi 2, 2375 - 2281 to gap 2280, but *som claim interrupt but they at hel. not memphis 4 with 7
2 +17 are teti but not teti 2!
16 djeser = djoser 2750 memphis d3 gap until 21 khufu 2650 d4 same memphis.
between 5: teti but same as 2! 3 kings av. 25y each til 2650 but see below year problem. gap 2650 to pepi 2400, between: 14k til 36pepi 1.
another teti but not teti 3?
also mernre between pepi error but consecutive
end note: contrast first 5
abydos stone: meni, teti, iti, ita, djaty.
turin papyr: meni v, ity, [ita], [dja]tiu, qenty.
we see the witnesses refuted each other in total and in names.
teti repeated 17 so not in turin papyr. ity 2t 3a!
next 5:
abydos stone: mer ba, semsem, qebh, mdw, ka kau
turin papyr: mer ig, semsem v, [qe]bh, bau, [ka] kau
some match maybe 7 match if used to complete each other but 3 conflicted just in first ten 30% conflict.
names: teti, qenty, mer ba not mer ig, mdw not bau total six names conflicted in first ten until kau we see 60% of names conflicted.