First Aliyyah | עֲלִיָּה רִאשׁוֹנָה
God speaks! With God's voice emerging from the Ohel Mo'ed (אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵ֖ד, "Tent of Meeting") God begins to describe to Mosheh, in great detail, how Beney Yisra'el (בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙, "the children of Israel") should offer sacrifices.
(א) וַיִּקְרָ֖א אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיְדַבֵּ֤ר יְהֹוָה֙ אֵלָ֔יו מֵאֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵ֖ד לֵאמֹֽר׃ (ב) דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם אָדָ֗ם כִּֽי־יַקְרִ֥יב מִכֶּ֛ם קׇרְבָּ֖ן לַֽיהֹוָ֑ה מִן־הַבְּהֵמָ֗ה מִן־הַבָּקָר֙ וּמִן־הַצֹּ֔אן תַּקְרִ֖יבוּ אֶת־קׇרְבַּנְכֶֽם׃ (ג) אִם־עֹלָ֤ה קׇרְבָּנוֹ֙ מִן־הַבָּקָ֔ר זָכָ֥ר תָּמִ֖ים יַקְרִיבֶ֑נּוּ אֶל־פֶּ֜תַח אֹ֤הֶל מוֹעֵד֙ יַקְרִ֣יב אֹת֔וֹ לִרְצֹנ֖וֹ לִפְנֵ֥י יְהֹוָֽה׃
(1) Adonai called to Mosheh. Adonai spoke to him from the Ohel Mo'ed, saying: (2) Speak to
Beney Yisra'el. Say to them, 'Whenever a person
from among you offers a sacrifice to Adonai, offer your sacrifice from among a beast, from cattle, or from sheep. (3) If that person's sacrifice is a whole-burnt offering from cattle, they should sacrifice a whole male. They should bring it, willingly, close to the Ohel Mo'ed in front of Adonai.
Second Aliyyah | עֲלִיָּה שְׁנִיָּה
Mosheh's brother Aharon, himself a kohen (כֹּהֵן, "priest") and the kohen gadol (כֹּהֵן גָּדוֹל, "High Priest") was the father of the first generation of kohanim (כֹּהֲנִים, "priests"). Every kohen was a descendant of Aharon and would help Israelites offer their sacrifices. Wheat, a common grain for making bread, was a major ingredient in the minchah (מִנְחָה, "grain offering") sacrifice. The wheat was covered with oil and frankincense, a golden-ish spice that looks like popcorn and smells sweet when burned.
(א) וְנֶ֗פֶשׁ כִּֽי־תַקְרִ֞יב קׇרְבַּ֤ן מִנְחָה֙ לַֽיהוה סֹ֖לֶת יִהְיֶ֣ה קׇרְבָּנ֑וֹ וְיָצַ֤ק עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ שֶׁ֔מֶן וְנָתַ֥ן עָלֶ֖יהָ לְבֹנָֽה׃ (ב) וֶֽהֱבִיאָ֗הּ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י אַהֲרֹן֮ הַכֹּהֲנִים֒ וְקָמַ֨ץ מִשָּׁ֜ם מְלֹ֣א קֻמְצ֗וֹ מִסׇּלְתָּהּ֙ וּמִשַּׁמְנָ֔הּ עַ֖ל כׇּל־לְבֹנָתָ֑הּ וְהִקְטִ֨יר הַכֹּהֵ֜ן אֶת־אַזְכָּרָתָהּ֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה אִשֵּׁ֛ה רֵ֥יחַ נִיחֹ֖חַ לַיהֹוָֽה׃ (ג) וְהַנּוֹתֶ֙רֶת֙ מִן־הַמִּנְחָ֔ה לְאַהֲרֹ֖ן וּלְבָנָ֑יו קֹ֥דֶשׁ קׇֽדָשִׁ֖ים מֵאִשֵּׁ֥י יְהֹוָֽה׃ {ס}
(1) When a soul offers a minchah sacrifice for Adonai, that person's sacrifice should be wheat. They should pour oil on top of it and put frankincense on it. (2) That person should bring it to the children of Aharon, the kohanim. That person should
scoop from it a scooper's full from the offering's wheat
and from the offering's oil that is on the frankincense. The kohen should
burn its memory by the altar—a fiery offering with a pleasant smell for Adonai.
(3) The leftovers from the minchah will be for Aharon and his children: at the holiest of holies, from among the fiery offerings for Adonai.
Third Aliyyah | עֲלִיָּה שְׁלִישִׁית
When Beney Yisra'el sinned by accident, they were expected to offer a chattat (חַטָּֽאת, "atonement") sacrifice at the Ohel Mo'ed. When slaughtering the bull of the chattat, a human had to hold onto the head of the bull.
(ב) דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ לֵאמֹר֒ נֶ֗פֶשׁ כִּֽי־תֶחֱטָ֤א בִשְׁגָגָה֙ מִכֹּל֙ מִצְוֺ֣ת יְהֹוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר לֹ֣א תֵעָשֶׂ֑ינָה וְעָשָׂ֕ה מֵאַחַ֖ת מֵהֵֽנָּה׃ (ג) אִ֣ם הַכֹּהֵ֧ן הַמָּשִׁ֛יחַ יֶחֱטָ֖א לְאַשְׁמַ֣ת הָעָ֑ם וְהִקְרִ֡יב עַ֣ל חַטָּאתוֹ֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר חָטָ֜א פַּ֣ר בֶּן־בָּקָ֥ר תָּמִ֛ים לַיהֹוָ֖ה לְחַטָּֽאת׃ (ד) וְהֵבִ֣יא אֶת־הַפָּ֗ר אֶל־פֶּ֛תַח אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵ֖ד לִפְנֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֑ה וְסָמַ֤ךְ אֶת־יָדוֹ֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ הַפָּ֔ר וְשָׁחַ֥ט אֶת־הַפָּ֖ר לִפְנֵ֥י יְהֹוָֽה׃
(2) Speak to Beney Yisra'el, saying, "When any soul sins by accident— ignoring
any
of the mitzvot of Adonai
or performing any one thing that should not have been done
—
(3)
and if the anointed kohen
might sin, making the whole people guilty
, one should offer their chattat for having sinned: a whole bull among cattle, as a chattat for Adonai.
(4) That person should bring the bull near the entrance of the Ohel Mo'ed, in front of Adonai. That person should lay their hand on the head of the bull and slaughter the bull in front of Adonai.