Save "Genesis 16 with Jack"
Genesis 16 with Jack
וַיָּבֹ֥א אֶל־הָגָ֖ר וַתַּ֑הַר וַתֵּ֙רֶא֙ כִּ֣י הָרָ֔תָה וַתֵּקַ֥ל גְּבִרְתָּ֖הּ בְּעֵינֶֽיהָ׃
He cohabited with Hagar and she conceived; and when she saw that she had conceived, her mistress was lowered in her esteem.
ותקל גברתה בעיניה. אָמְרָה שָׂרַי זוֹ אֵין סִתְרָהּ כִּגְלוּיָהּ מַרְאָה עַצְמָהּ כְּאִלּוּ הִיא צַדֶּקֶת וְאֵינָהּ צַדֶּקֶת, שֶׁלֹּא זָכְתָה לְהֵרָיוֹן כָּל הַשָּׁנִים הַלָּלוּ, וַאֲנִי נִתְעַבַּרְתִּי מִבִּיאָה רִאשׁוֹנָה (בראשית רבה):
ותקל גברתה בעיניה HER MISTRESS WAS SLIGHTED IN HER EYES — She said, “As regards this woman Sarai, her conduct in private can certainly not be like that in public: she pretends to be a righteous woman, but she cannot really be righteous since all these years she has not been privileged to have children, whilst I have had that blessing from the first union” (Genesis Rabbah 45:4).
(יא) וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהּ֙ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהֹוָ֔ה הִנָּ֥ךְ הָרָ֖ה וְיֹלַ֣דְתְּ בֵּ֑ן וְקָרָ֤את שְׁמוֹ֙ יִשְׁמָעֵ֔אל כִּֽי־שָׁמַ֥ע יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־עׇנְיֵֽךְ׃

(11) The messenger of יהוה said to her further,
“Behold, you are pregnant
And shall bear a son;
You shall call him Ishmael,
For יהוה has paid heed to your suffering.

Commentary by Rabbi Moses ben Nahman (1194–1270), commonly known as the Ramban. The Ramban lived in Spain until his move to Jerusalem toward the end of his life. His commentary reflects his love of Eretz Yisrael. He usually begins his comments with Rashi’s explanation and then expounds further with insights from Kabbalah and Oral Tradition. His comments include respectful criticism of Rashi, Ibn Ezra and Rambam.
(א) וְקָרָאת שְׁמוֹ יִשְׁמָעֵאל הוֹדִיעַ הַמַּלְאָךְ לְהָגָר שֶׁיִּהְיֶה שְׁמוֹ יִשְׁמָעֵאל, כְּדֶרֶךְ "הִנֵּה בֵן נוֹלָד לְבֵית דָּוִד יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ שְׁמוֹ" (מלכים א יג ב), וְאָמַר לָהּ שֶׁהִיא תִּקְרָאֶנּוּ כֵן וְתִזְכֹּר כִּי שָׁמַע אֱלֹהִים אֶל עָנְיָהּ, וְאַבְרָהָם מֵעַצְמוֹ קָרָא שְׁמוֹ כֵן, שֶׁיִּשְׁמַע אֵל וְיַעֲנֶנּוּ, אוֹ שֶׁשָּׁרְתָה עָלָיו רוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ כְּדִבְרֵי רַשִׁ"י, וְקָרָא אוֹתוֹ יִשְׁמָעֵאל כִּי שָׁמַע אֱלֹהִים אֶל עֳנִי אִמּוֹ, כִּדְבַר הַמַּלְאָךְ. וְהַנָּכוֹן בְּעֵינַי כִּי הַמַּלְאָךְ צִוָּה לְהָגָר שֶׁתִּקְרָאֶנּוּ כֵן, וְהִיא יָרְאָה בַּעֲבוּר הֱיוֹתָהּ פִּלֶגֶשׁ לִקְרֹא שֵׁם לְבֶן אֲדוֹנֶיהָ, וְגִלְּתָה לוֹ הָעִנְיָן, וְאַבְרָם קִיֵּם דְּבַר ה', אֲבָל לֹא הֻצְרַךְ הַכָּתוּב לְהַאֲרִיךְ בָּזֶה:

(1) AND THOU SHALT CALL HIS NAME ISHMAEL. The angel informed Hagar that his name will be Ishmael — just as in the verse, Behold, a son shall be born unto the house of David Josiah by name360I Kings 13:2. — and he told her that she should so call him, and thus remember that G-d heard her affliction.361The name Ishmael (G-d heareth) is, as the angel explained to Hagar, “because the Eternal hath heard thy affliction.” (Verse 11.) Now Abraham either called him by this name on his own,362Verse 15: And Abraham called the name of his son, whom Hagar bore, Ishmael. with the intent that G-d hear him and answer him, or the Holy Spirit rested upon him, as Rashi has it, and he called him Ishmael because G-d had heard his mother’s affliction, as the angel had said.
The correct interpretation appears to me to be that the angel commanded Hagar that she call him so, but she, being a concubine,363Verse 3 above is no proof to the contrary, as it may express only Sarai’s desire. was afraid to give a name to her master’s son, so she revealed the matter to him, and Abram fulfilled the word of G-d. Scripture, however, did not need to delve at length into this matter.

(יג) וַתִּקְרָ֤א שֵׁם־יְהֹוָה֙ הַדֹּבֵ֣ר אֵלֶ֔יהָ אַתָּ֖ה אֵ֣ל רֳאִ֑י כִּ֣י אָֽמְרָ֗ה הֲגַ֥ם הֲלֹ֛ם רָאִ֖יתִי אַחֲרֵ֥י רֹאִֽי׃

(13) And she called יהוה*יהוה who spoke to her, “You Are El-roi,”=by which she meant, “Have I not gone on seeing after my being seen!”

A commentary on the Torah written by Rabbi Bachya ben Asher (1255–1340) in Spain. Rabbeinu Bachya’s commentary incorporates the literal meaning along with allegorical, midrashic, and kabbalistic interpretations.
אתה אל ראי. פירש החכם רבי אברהם אתה אל ומראה, כי מלת ראי שם דבר. הגם הלום ראיתי פירוש הגם פה ראיתי מלאך השי"ת אחר שראה הש"י בעניי.
אתה אל ראי, “You are a G-d who sees.” Rabbi Avraham Ibn Ezra explained these words as meaning: “You are a G-d who reveals Himself by means of visions (to his creatures).” The word ראי is a noun. הגם הלם ראיתי, “for even here I have seen,” i.e. “an angel of the Lord after G-d had seen my affliction.”