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Numbers 31:17 - On the “noncombatants” label

וְעַתָּ֕ה הִרְג֥וּ כׇל־זָכָ֖ר בַּטָּ֑ף וְכׇל־אִשָּׁ֗ה יֹדַ֥עַת אִ֛ישׁ לְמִשְׁכַּ֥ב זָכָ֖ר הֲרֹֽגוּ׃

Now, therefore, slay every male among the noncombatants, and slay also every woman who has known a man carnally;

(The above rendering comes from the RJPS translation, an adaptation of the NJPS translation.)

On the denotation of טַף here, see my comment at verse 9.

As for rendering into English, the NJPS “children” is misleading; it ignores the disposition of adult male noncombatants. Again, see my comment at verse 9.