The Megillah vs. The Torah, Or -- The Jews of Sinai vs. the Jews of Shushan

״וַיִּתְיַצְּבוּ בְּתַחְתִּית הָהָר״

אָמַר רַב אַבְדִּימִי בַּר חָמָא בַּר חַסָּא: מְלַמֵּד שֶׁכָּפָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עֲלֵיהֶם אֶת הָהָר כְּגִיגִית, וְאָמַר לָהֶם:

אִם אַתֶּם מְקַבְּלִים הַתּוֹרָה מוּטָב,

וְאִם לָאו — שָׁם תְּהֵא קְבוּרַתְכֶם.

אָמַר רַב אַחָא בַּר יַעֲקֹב:

מִכָּאן מוֹדָעָא רַבָּה לְאוֹרָיְיתָא!

אָמַר רָבָא: אַף עַל פִּי כֵן הֲדוּר קַבְּלוּהָ בִּימֵי אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ,

דִּכְתִיב: ״קִיְּמוּ וְקִבְּלוּ הַיְּהוּדִים״ —

קִיְּימוּ מַה שֶּׁקִּיבְּלוּ כְּבָר.

"And they stood beneath the mountain" (Exodus 19:17).

Rabbi Avdimi bar Ḥama bar Ḥasa said: This verse teaches that the Blessed Holy One inverted the mountain above them like a vat, and said to them:

If you accept the Torah, that's good,

and if not, there will be your grave.

Rav Aḥa bar Ya’akov said: From here a substantial piece of knowledge about/objection to the Torah!

Rava said: Even so, they went back and accepted it in the days of Ahashverosh, as it is written:

"The Jews fulfilled and accepted" (Esther 9:27) -- meaning they fulfilled what they had previously accepted.

What are the parallels or differences between the situation of the Jews at Mt. Sinai and in Shushan?

What are the parallels or differences between the upside-down mountain of the midrash and the topsy-turvy v'nahafoch hu of the Megillah?

What are the parallels or differences between the Jews responses after Mt. Sinai and after the advent of Haman (boo!)?

How does all of this illuminate Jewish life today in the American Diaspora, particularly after October 7?