Kentucky – New Earth “3 A. Winter” – Part 1

That year saw a winter

Glittering with frost and heavy snows:

Alaska blew into the country

And birds, victims of the dry piercing wind

Fell onto the hard greenish-sparkiling snow

The rivers were ice-bound

And blue-green squares of heavy ice

were chopped from the wells

And melted in kettles for drinking.

The community was cut off,

As if with a white, flashing knife

From the surrounding world. The drifts of snow

Covered every road and path,

And all the train tracks.

Twilight played its game

In the cold, rose-colored evening.

The distant hills appeared

Locked in white woods.

Green blue shades looked coldly

Down upon the valley and the small settlement

Frozen in ice to the midriff.

Thick rose=colored hats of snow on the roofs,

Straight, slender columns of gray smoke

Rising from the hats

To the deep star-studded sky.

Later, the Alaskan breath abated,

And another wind blew in.

The gray sky descended,

And when the smoke from the chimneys tried

To rise into the air, the eye

Could not distinguish the smoke

From the sky. As if from a fine sieve,

Something sifted continuously,

Day and night. Neither water, nor ice,

It made the snow heavy, and the ice dismal.

When the ice-rain stopped

A pale sun shone.

Each tree was covered with glass,

Each branch of the linden, the chestnut,

And the small evergreen

Was covered with thick glass.

And from under the frozen prism

The black-green parts of the branches

Looked out in fantastic patterns.

At the slightest wind

The long, heavy glassy branches ran in the air.

Tree and sapling ben to the ground,

Roofs sagged under the burden

Of heavy, sparkling, ice-glass.

Work in the junkyard came to a halt,

Iron frozen in the ice

Smelled of rust

And its driving cold kept all away.

In the house the oven burned day and night

But the old house was cold and cheerless.

Thick heavy shield of ice

Appeared on the walls

Like infected blisters on a sick body.

In the pale light o day

The spread a dark gloom.

The gray beard elders on the walls

Froze and grew paler,

The thin-lipped old grandmothers

Grimaced, blue from cold.


וַיִּהְיוּ֙ חַיֵּ֣י שָׂרָ֔ה מֵאָ֥ה שָׁנָ֛ה וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה וְשֶׁ֣בַע שָׁנִ֑ים שְׁנֵ֖י חַיֵּ֥י שָׂרָֽה׃ וַתָּ֣מׇת שָׂרָ֗ה בְּקִרְיַ֥ת אַרְבַּ֛ע הִ֥וא חֶבְר֖וֹן בְּאֶ֣רֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן וַיָּבֹא֙ אַבְרָהָ֔ם לִסְפֹּ֥ד לְשָׂרָ֖ה וְלִבְכֹּתָֽהּ׃ וַיָּ֙קׇם֙ אַבְרָהָ֔ם מֵעַ֖ל פְּנֵ֣י מֵת֑וֹ וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אֶל־בְּנֵי־חֵ֖ת לֵאמֹֽר׃ גֵּר־וְתוֹשָׁ֥ב אָנֹכִ֖י עִמָּכֶ֑ם תְּנ֨וּ לִ֤י אֲחֻזַּת־קֶ֙בֶר֙ עִמָּכֶ֔ם וְאֶקְבְּרָ֥ה מֵתִ֖י מִלְּפָנָֽי׃

Sarah’s lifetime—the span of Sarah’s life—came to one hundred and twenty-seven years. Sarah died in Kiriath-arba—now Hebron—in the land of Canaan; and Abraham proceeded to mourn for Sarah and to bewail her. Then Abraham rose from beside his dead, and spoke to the Hittites, saying, “I am a resident alien among you; sell me a burial site among you, that I may remove my dead for burial.”

גר ותושב, גר אנכי כי ימים רבים ישבתי ביניכם ודעתי לשבת עמכם, לפיכך אמר אני מבקש מכם שתתנו לי מקום בארצכם שיהיה לי אחוזה ולבני אחרי, ואנכי מבקש מכם עתה אלא אחוזת קבר.

גר ותושב, I describe myself first and foremost as a stranger, seeing that I have come from another country. Yet I also describe myself as a resident, seeing that I have lived among you for many years and I intend to continue to remain among you. This is why I am asking you to give me some place within your country as an inalienable place to be mine and my son’s after me. At the moment I ask for only enough to bury my dead.

Kentucky – New Earth “3 A. Winter” – Part 2

The Jew began to speak quietly,

In a voice hoarse with sorrow,

His pale lips scarcely moving.

His eyes pained and despairing.

His black chapped fingers

Pointed in the air and

Towards the corner where the pale child

Was lying, laid out on white benches.

The yellow light made a circle

Around the small head.

“My dead child lies before you. I look for a place

To bury my baby, my little one.

I am a stranger here among you.

May God help you you have till now

Been of help to me in my need.

Show your mercy to my dead one too.

Grant me a grave for my child.”

And his words with they

Trembling sounds touched all hearts;

Someone wiped a fresh tear,

And another kept groping

In his tobacco pouch

With thick heavy fingers

Searching, searching for what he could not find,

His eyes buried deep in the pouch.

For a while all was quiet and dead.

They heard the flickering of the death-candles.,

The Jew with his hands spread in the air,

His head raised,

His eyes red.

The neighbors, their white heads bare,

Bowed in the face of death.

And then the eldest of the neighbors

Stepped forward, stopped,

And in a quiet voice answered softly:

“The cemetery is open to you.

Choose a place there among the rows,

And dig a grave for your dead child.”


וַיַּעֲנ֧וּ בְנֵי־חֵ֛ת אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֖ם לֵאמֹ֥ר לֽוֹ׃ שְׁמָעֵ֣נוּ ׀ אֲדֹנִ֗י נְשִׂ֨יא אֱלֹהִ֤ים אַתָּה֙ בְּתוֹכֵ֔נוּ בְּמִבְחַ֣ר קְבָרֵ֔ינוּ קְבֹ֖ר אֶת־מֵתֶ֑ךָ אִ֣ישׁ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ אֶת־קִבְר֛וֹ לֹֽא־יִכְלֶ֥ה מִמְּךָ֖ מִקְּבֹ֥ר מֵתֶֽךָ׃ וַיָּ֧קׇם אַבְרָהָ֛ם וַיִּשְׁתַּ֥חוּ לְעַם־הָאָ֖רֶץ לִבְנֵי־חֵֽת׃ וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אִתָּ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר אִם־יֵ֣שׁ אֶֽת־נַפְשְׁכֶ֗ם לִקְבֹּ֤ר אֶת־מֵתִי֙ מִלְּפָנַ֔י שְׁמָע֕וּנִי וּפִגְעוּ־לִ֖י בְּעֶפְר֥וֹן בֶּן־צֹֽחַר׃ וְיִתֶּן־לִ֗י אֶת־מְעָרַ֤ת הַמַּכְפֵּלָה֙ אֲשֶׁר־ל֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֖ר בִּקְצֵ֣ה שָׂדֵ֑הוּ בְּכֶ֨סֶף מָלֵ֜א יִתְּנֶ֥נָּה לִּ֛י בְּתוֹכְכֶ֖ם לַאֲחֻזַּת־קָֽבֶר׃ וְעֶפְר֥וֹן יֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּת֣וֹךְ בְּנֵי־חֵ֑ת וַיַּ֩עַן֩ עֶפְר֨וֹן הַחִתִּ֤י אֶת־אַבְרָהָם֙ בְּאׇזְנֵ֣י בְנֵי־חֵ֔ת לְכֹ֛ל בָּאֵ֥י שַֽׁעַר־עִיר֖וֹ לֵאמֹֽר׃ לֹֽא־אֲדֹנִ֣י שְׁמָעֵ֔נִי הַשָּׂדֶה֙ נָתַ֣תִּי לָ֔ךְ וְהַמְּעָרָ֥ה אֲשֶׁר־בּ֖וֹ לְךָ֣ נְתַתִּ֑יהָ לְעֵינֵ֧י בְנֵי־עַמִּ֛י נְתַתִּ֥יהָ לָּ֖ךְ קְבֹ֥ר מֵתֶֽךָ׃

And the Hittites replied to Abraham, saying to him, “Hear us, my lord: you are the elect of God among us. Bury your dead in the choicest of our burial places; none of us will withhold his burial place from you for burying your dead.” Thereupon Abraham bowed low to the landowning citizens,*landowning citizens Heb. ‘am ha-’areṣ; lit. “people of the land.” See the Dictionary under ‘am. the Hittites, and he said to them, “If it is your wish that I remove my dead for burial, you must agree to intercede for me with Ephron son of Zohar. Let him sell me the cave of Machpelah that he owns, which is at the edge of his land. Let him sell it to me, at the full price, for a burial site in your midst.” Ephron was present among the Hittites; so Ephron the Hittite answered Abraham in the hearing of the Hittites, the assembly in his town’s gate,*the assembly in his town’s gate Lit. “all who entered the gate of his town.” So NJPS, with a note: “I.e., all his fellow townsmen.” Cf. 34.20; Prov. 31.23. saying, “No, my lord, hear me: I give you the field and I give you the cave that is in it; I give it to you in the presence of my people. Bury your dead.”


Kentucky – New Earth “3 A. Winter” – Part 3

The Jew bowed humbly,

His face expressed thankfulness,

And quietly he spoke again:

“Yes, one last wish. Like draw to like.

When my last house strikes

I would like my body to rest

Among my own, my flesh and blood;

Our faiths are different.

Yet we are all dust from the same dust,

And we all serve the same God.

And God will reward you for the favor.

I ask a separate piece of ground

To start my own cemetery;

And if I am destined to live

I will repay this enormous debt.”

Tears streamed from his pained eyes,

Running into the creases of his lips,

Losing themselves in the deep hair of his bear.

וַיָּקָם שְׂדֵה עֶפְרוֹן (בראשית כג, יז), דַּהֲוַת נְפִילָה וְקָמַת. דַּהֲוַת דְּבַר אֵינַשׁ זְעֵיר, וְאִתְעֲבִידַת לְבַר נָשׁ רַב. שְׂדֵה עֶפְרוֹן אֲשֶׁר בַּמַּכְפֵּלָה, מְלַמֵּד שֶׁנִּכְפְּלוּ בְּעֵינֵי כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד, שֶׁכָּל מִי שֶׁהוּא קָבוּר בְּתוֹכָהּ, בָּטוּחַ שֶׁשְּׂכָרוֹ כָּפוּל וּמְכֻפָּל. אָמַר רַבִּי אַבָּהוּ שֶׁכָּפַף הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא קוֹמָתוֹ שֶׁל אָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן וּקְבָרוֹ בְּתוֹכָהּ. (בראשית כג, יז): הַשָּׂדֶה וְהַמְּעָרָה אֲשֶׁר בּוֹ וגו', אָמַר רַבִּי מִנַּיִן תְּנֵינַן הַמּוֹכֵר אֶת שָׂדֵהוּ צָרִיךְ לִכְתֹּב אֶת שָׂדֵהוּ וְאֶת סִימָנֶיהָ, מֵהָכָא הַשָּׂדֶה וְהַמְּעָרָה אֲשֶׁר בּוֹ וְכָל הָעֵץ אֲשֶׁר בַּשָּׂדֶה אֲשֶׁר בְּכָל גְּבֻלוֹ סָבִיב לְאַבְרָהָם לְמִקְנָה לְעֵינֵי בְנֵי חֵת, אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר כַּמָּה דְּיוֹת מִשְׁתַּפְּכוֹת, כַּמָּה קוּלְמוֹסִין מִשְׁתַּבְּרִין, כְּדֵי לִכְתֹּב בְּנֵי חֵת. עֲשָׂרָה פְּעָמִים כְּתִיב בְּנֵי חֵת, בְּנֵי חֵת, עֲשָׂרָה כְּנֶגֶד עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת, לְלַמֶּדְךָ שֶׁכָּל מִי שֶׁהוּא מְבָרֵר מִקְחוֹ שֶׁל צַדִּיק, כְּאִלּוּ מְקַיֵּם עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת. אָמַר רַבִּי יוּדָן חֲמִשָּׁה פְּעָמִים כָּתוּב בְּנֵי בַרְזִלַּי, כְּנֶגֶד חֲמִשָּׁה סִפְרֵי תּוֹרָה, לְלַמֶּדְךָ שֶׁכָּל מִי שֶׁהוּא מַאֲכִיל פְּרוּסָה לַצַּדִּיק, כְּאִלּוּ הוּא מְקַיֵּם חֲמִשָּׁה סִפְרֵי תּוֹרָה.

“As possession for Abraham before the children of Ḥet, of all coming to his city gate” (Genesis 23:18).
Rabbi Elazar said: How many inkwells are emptied, how many quills are broken in order to write “the sons of Ḥet”?

“The sons of Ḥet” is repeated ten times, corresponding to the Ten Commandments, to teach you that anyone who endorses the transaction of a righteous man, it is as though he fulfilled the Ten Commandments.

וַיִּשְׁתַּ֙חוּ֙ אַבְרָהָ֔ם לִפְנֵ֖י עַ֥ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃ וַיְדַבֵּ֨ר אֶל־עֶפְר֜וֹן בְּאׇזְנֵ֤י עַם־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אַ֛ךְ אִם־אַתָּ֥ה ל֖וּ שְׁמָעֵ֑נִי נָתַ֜תִּי כֶּ֤סֶף הַשָּׂדֶה֙ קַ֣ח מִמֶּ֔נִּי וְאֶקְבְּרָ֥ה אֶת־מֵתִ֖י שָֽׁמָּה׃ וַיַּ֧עַן עֶפְר֛וֹן אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֖ם לֵאמֹ֥ר לֽוֹ׃ אֲדֹנִ֣י שְׁמָעֵ֔נִי אֶ֩רֶץ֩ אַרְבַּ֨ע מֵאֹ֧ת שֶֽׁקֶל־כֶּ֛סֶף בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵֽינְךָ֖ מַה־הִ֑וא וְאֶת־מֵתְךָ֖ קְבֹֽר׃ וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע אַבְרָהָם֮ אֶל־עֶפְרוֹן֒ וַיִּשְׁקֹ֤ל אַבְרָהָם֙ לְעֶפְרֹ֔ן אֶת־הַכֶּ֕סֶף אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבֶּ֖ר בְּאׇזְנֵ֣י בְנֵי־חֵ֑ת אַרְבַּ֤ע מֵאוֹת֙ שֶׁ֣קֶל כֶּ֔סֶף עֹבֵ֖ר לַסֹּחֵֽר׃ וַיָּ֣קׇם ׀ שְׂדֵ֣ה עֶפְר֗וֹן אֲשֶׁר֙ בַּמַּכְפֵּלָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר לִפְנֵ֣י מַמְרֵ֑א הַשָּׂדֶה֙ וְהַמְּעָרָ֣ה אֲשֶׁר־בּ֔וֹ וְכׇל־הָעֵץ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּכׇל־גְּבֻל֖וֹ סָבִֽיב׃ לְאַבְרָהָ֥ם לְמִקְנָ֖ה לְעֵינֵ֣י בְנֵי־חֵ֑ת בְּכֹ֖ל בָּאֵ֥י שַֽׁעַר־עִירֽוֹ׃ וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵן֩ קָבַ֨ר אַבְרָהָ֜ם אֶת־שָׂרָ֣ה אִשְׁתּ֗וֹ אֶל־מְעָרַ֞ת שְׂדֵ֧ה הַמַּכְפֵּלָ֛ה עַל־פְּנֵ֥י מַמְרֵ֖א הִ֣וא חֶבְר֑וֹן בְּאֶ֖רֶץ כְּנָֽעַן׃ וַיָּ֨קׇם הַשָּׂדֶ֜ה וְהַמְּעָרָ֧ה אֲשֶׁר־בּ֛וֹ לְאַבְרָהָ֖ם לַאֲחֻזַּת־קָ֑בֶר מֵאֵ֖ת בְּנֵי־חֵֽת׃ {ס}
Then Abraham bowed low before the landowning citizens, and spoke to Ephron in the hearing of the landowning citizens, saying, “If only you would hear me out! Let me pay the price of the land; accept it from me, that I may bury my dead there.” And Ephron replied to Abraham, saying to him, “My lord, do hear me! A piece of land worth four hundred shekels of silver—what is that between you and me? Go and bury your dead.” Abraham accepted Ephron’s terms. Abraham paid out to Ephron the money that he had named in the hearing of the Hittites—four hundred shekels of silver at the going merchants’ rate. So Ephron’s land in Machpelah, near Mamre—the field with its cave and all the trees anywhere within the confines of that field—passed to Abraham as his possession, in the presence of the Hittites, of the assembly in his town’s gate. And then Abraham buried his wife Sarah in the cave of the field of Machpelah, facing Mamre—now Hebron—in the land of Canaan. Thus the field with its cave passed from the Hittites to Abraham, as a burial site.
ביני ובינך. בֵּין שְׁנֵי אוֹהֲבִים כָּמוֹנוּ מַה הִיא חֲשׁוּבָה לִכְלוּם, אֶלָּא הַנַּח אֶת הַמֶּכֶר וְאֶת מֵתְךָ קְבֹר (בראשית רבה):
ביני ובינך BETWEEN ME AND THEE — Between two such friends as we are, of what importance is that? Nothing at all! Leave business alone and bury your dead!
מאת בני חת, כי בהסכמתם וברצונם נתן לו עפרון השדה והמערה כי טוב היה בעיני כולם שתהיה לאברהם אחוזה ביניהם:

ויקם...מאת בני חת, All the townspeople had agreed to the sale of Efron’s fields to Avraham. They were quite keen for Avraham to own an ancestral plot in their midst.

Kentucky – New Earth “3 A. Winter” – Part 3

After he had chopped the little grave

Through heavy ice and frozen earth

In a remote rise of the field,

The well of tears dried up.

His eyes took on

Again the dry, sharp luster

When he lowered the child

Into the yellow pit,

And the first hard clods

Feel on the white boards,

A frozen, muffled sound

In the cold white stillness,

Only then did his wife find a voice.

Bent over the grave, she shook

With every new shovel of dirt.

Her fountain of tears opened

And her frozen voice broke through,

Forcing itself tearfully into the grave.

She vegged the child’s forgiveness

And struck herself on the chest.

The words poured from her heart,

“Run, my child, run,

And intercede in our behalf before the Holy Matriarchs.

Tell them of our hard bitter life,

And beg them to intercede for us;

That Yankee should grow up to be a good Jew,

That your father and your mother should

Not know sorrow and misfortune anymore.”

The grave kept filling up,

It was filled to the white edge.

The alien field stretched

White and quiet, bedded in snow:

Small white hills here and there,

Glassy crosses for headstones,

And fir trees that reflect

Coldness with their deep green and snow.

Over the white hills and blue valleys,

Over green frozen lakes,

Near yet far, a winter sky,

Hung quietly, trustfully,

A cold even sun

Cast pink signs up on the snow

From blue strips beneath white clouds.