ה' , ה'

ה' passed before him and proclaimed: “!ה! ה' a God compassionate and gracious, slow to anger, abounding in kindness and faithfulness, extending kindness to the thousandth generation, forgiving iniquity, transgression, and sin and aquitting.

The verse continues: “The Lord, the Lord,” and it should be understood as follows: I am He before a person sins, and I am He after a person sins.

§ The verse states: “And the Lord passed by before him, and proclaimed” (Exodus 34:6). Rabbi Yoḥanan said: Were it not explicitly written in the verse, it would be impossible to say this, as it would be insulting to God’s honor. The verse teaches that the Holy One, Blessed be He, wrapped Himself in a prayer shawl like a prayer leader and showed Moses the structure of the order of the prayer. He said to him: Whenever the Jewish people sin, let them act before Me in accordance with this order. Let the prayer leader wrap himself in a prayer shawl and publicly recite the thirteen attributes of mercy, and I will forgive them.

Rav Yehuda said: A covenant was made with the thirteen attributes that they will not return empty-handed, meaning that if one mentions them, he will certainly be answered, as it is stated in this regard: “Behold, I make a covenant” (Exodus 34:10).

As if God covered himself in his Talit and said to him (Moshe) that each time that Israel do this order, they (13 attributes) do not return empty (unanswered) as it is said "I hereby make a covenant). And the interpretation of this is well known (clear) since we see many times that in our iniquities , we cover ourselves in our Talit and we are not answered. But the will of God is that each time that Israel DO this order that I (God) Do. i.e. to have compassion and to be gracious to the poor, to be slow to anger and to be abounding in kindness with each other. Then they are promised that they do not return empty. But if they are cruel and doing evil, they are caught even more so when they say the 13 attributes.

"All these were the tribes of Israel, twelve in number, and this is what their father said to them as he bade them farewell, addressing to each a parting word appropriate to him." (Genesis, 49:28) The thing is at is said in the Talmud in Tractate Rosh Hashana, A covenant was made with the thirteen attributes that they will not return empty-handed, that the Holy One, Blessed be He, wrapped Himself in a prayer shawl let them act before Me in accordance with this order and I will forgive them for all their iniquities. And the Geonim wrote each time that the children of Israel will act/ do before Me in accordance with this order, specifically! then it helps to say"A covenant was made with the thirteen attributes that they will not return empty-handed". And it seems that this is the reason for the Halacha that the 13 attributes are said only in public (Tzibur) when there is a Minyan and not alone because it is not dependent on the saying only but on the doing of these attributes. And in a group (Tzibur) when there are ten, so in everyone you can find one of these attributes, this one is compassionate, this one is gracious, this one is slow to anger and this one has abounding kindness, then I read the text well. " Each time they do this order, then I forgive etc'.

The verse states: “At that time the Lord said to me: Hew for yourself two tablets of stone like the first…And I will write on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke, and you shall put them in the Ark” (Deuteronomy 10:1–2). Rav Yosef teaches a baraita: This verse teaches that both the tablets of the Covenant and the pieces of the broken tablets are placed in the Ark.