וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶל־יוֹסֵ֗ף הֲל֤וֹא אַחֶ֙יךָ֙ רֹעִ֣ים בִּשְׁכֶ֔ם לְכָ֖ה וְאֶשְׁלָחֲךָ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וַיֹּ֥אמֶר ל֖וֹ הִנֵּֽנִי׃
Yisrael said to Yosef:
Are not your brothers tending sheep in Shekhem?
Come, I will send you to them!
He said to him:
Here I am.
Are not your brothers tending sheep in Shekhem?
Come, I will send you to them!
He said to him:
Here I am.
הנני. לְשׁוֹן עֲנָוָה וּזְרִיזוּת, נִזְדָּרֵז לְמִצְוַת אָבִיו, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהָיָה יוֹדֵעַ בְּאֶחָיו שֶׁשּׂוֹנְאִין אוֹתוֹ:
הנני HERE AM I — An expression denoting humility and readiness: he was zealous to perform his father’s bidding, although he was aware that his brothers hated him (Genesis Rabbah 84:13).
וַיֵּלְכוּ אֶחָיו לִרְעוֹת אֶת וגו' (בראשית לז, יב), נָקוּד עַל אֶת, לוֹמַר שֶׁלֹא הָלְכוּ אֶלָּא לִרְעוֹת אֶת עַצְמָן. (בראשית לז, יג): וַיֹּאמֶר יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶל יוֹסֵף הֲלוֹא אַחֶיךָ רֹעִים בִּשְׁכֶם, רַבִּי תַּנְחוּמָא בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי בֶּרֶכְיָה נָהַג בּוֹ בְּכָבוֹד כְּמוֹרָא הָאָב עַל הַבֵּן, (בראשית לז, יג): וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ הִנֵּנִי, אָמַר רַבִּי חָמָא בַּר חֲנִינָא הַדְּבָרִים הַלָּלוּ הָיָה יַעֲקֹב אָבִינוּ נִזְכָּר וּמֵעָיו מִתְחַתְּכִין, יוֹדֵעַ הָיִיתָ שֶׁאַחֶיךָ שׂוֹנְאִים אוֹתְךָ וְהָיִיתָ אוֹמֵר לִי הִנֵּנִי. (בראשית לז, יד): וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ לֶךְ נָא רְאֵה אֶת שְׁלוֹם אַחֶיךָ וְאֶת שְׁלוֹם הַצֹּאן, אֶת שְׁלוֹם אַחֶיךָ נִיחָא, אֶלָּא מַאי וְאֶת שְׁלוֹם הַצֹּאן, הֲדָא אָמַר שֶׁאָדָם צָרִיךְ לִשְׁאֹל בִּשְׁלוֹם דָּבָר שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ הֲנָיָה מִמֶּנּוּ. (בראשית לז, יג): וַהֲשִׁיבֵנִי דָּבָר וַיִּשְׁלָחֵהוּ מֵעֵמֶק חֶבְרוֹן, וַהֲלוֹא אֵין חֶבְרוֹן נְתוּנָה אֶלָּא בָּהָר וּכְתִיב: וַיִּשְׁלָחֵהוּ מֵעֵמֶק חֶבְרוֹן, אָמַר רַב אַחָא הָלַךְ לְהַשְּׁלִים אוֹתָהּ הָעֵצָה הָעֲמֻקָּה שֶׁנָּתַן הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בֵּינוֹ וּבֵין חָבֵר הַנָּאֶה שֶׁהָיָה קָבוּר בְּחֶבְרוֹן (בראשית טו, יג): וַעֲבָדוּם וְעִנּוּ אֹתָם.
And his brothers went to pasture sheep (Gen. 37:12) - there are dots on the [direct object marker] ET. This teaches you that they did not go to pasture sheep, rather, it is to pasture themselves. "And Israel said to Yosef: 'aren't your brothers pasturing in Shechem?'" (Gen. 37:13) Rabbi Tanchuma in the name of Rabbi Berachia: he behaved towards [his father] with the appropriate respect: "And he answered him: 'here I am'. Rabbi Chama bar Chanina: Yaakov remembered these words and his internal organs would feel like they were being chopped up: you knew that your brothers hated you, and still you said to me 'here I am.' ""And he said to him, “Go and see how your brothers are and how the flocks are faring" (Gen. 37:14) - it would have been sufficient 'how your brothers are faring', what does 'and the sheep' add? One explanation is that a person should always ask one's fellow about the things that bring sustenance. "And bring me back word.' So he sent him from the valley of Hebron." (Gen. 37:14) Isn't Hebron in the valley? R. Acha said, " He went to fulfill that deep counsel that the Holy One of Blessing gave between Himself and the fine colleague who is buried in Hebron [Abraham] : ' and they shall be enslaved and oppressed' (Genesis 15:13).
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ לֶךְ־נָ֨א רְאֵ֜ה אֶת־שְׁל֤וֹם אַחֶ֙יךָ֙ וְאֶת־שְׁל֣וֹם הַצֹּ֔אן וַהֲשִׁבֵ֖נִי דָּבָ֑ר וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֙הוּ֙ מֵעֵ֣מֶק חֶבְר֔וֹן וַיָּבֹ֖א שְׁכֶֽמָה׃
And he said to him, “Go and see how your brothers are and how the flocks are faring, and bring me back word.” So he sent him from the valley of Hebron. When he reached Shechem,
ויבא שכמה. מָקוֹם מוּכָן לְפֻרְעָנוּת, שָׁם קִלְקְלוּ הַשְּׁבָטִים, שָׁם עִנּוּ אֶת דִּינָה, שָׁם נֶחְלְקָה מַלְכוּת בֵּית דָּוִד, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וַיֵּלֶךְ רְחַבְעָם שְׁכֶמָה (מלכים א י"ב):
ויבא שכמה AND HE CAME TO SHECHEM — A spot foredestined to be the scene of misfortunes: there the sons of Jacob sinned (by selling Joseph), there Dinah was maltreated, there the kingdom of the House of David was divided, as it said (1 Kings 12:1) “And Rehoboam went to Shechem etc.” (Sanhedrin 102a).
ורבנן אמרי מהכא (בראשית לז, יד) לך נא ראה את שלום אחיך ואת שלום וגו'
And the Rabbis say that the source is from here, the verse that describes when Jacob sent Joseph to his brothers: “And he said to him: Go now, see whether it is well with you brothers and well with the flock; and bring me back word. So he sent him out of the valley of Hebron, and he came to Shechem” (Genesis 37:14). The verse indicates that Jacob sent Joseph at a time when he could see his brothers, i.e., during the day. This shows that a Torah scholar should not go out alone at night.
וישלחהו מעמק חברון יזכיר הכתוב המקום אשר שלחו משם לומר כי היה מרחק רב ביניהם ולכן עשו עמו רעה כי רחוקים היו מאביהם ולהגיד כי יוסף לכבוד אביו נתאמץ ללכת אחריהם אל מקום רחוק ולא אמר איך אלך והם שונאים אותי ולרבותינו עוד בזה מדרש (ב"ר פד יג) להשלים עצה עמוקה של חבר הנאה הקבור בחברון:
AND HE SENT HIM OUT OF THE VALLEY OF HEBRON. Scripture mentions the place from which Joseph was sent, in order to indicate that there was a great distance between father and son, and that this was the reason why the brothers did him evil: they were distant far from their father. It also serves to relate that Joseph, out of respect for his father, strengthened himself to go after them to a distant place, and he did not say, “How shall I go when they hate me?”. Our Rabbis yet have a Midrash concerning this matter, in which they say, “It was to fulfill the profound thought of the ‘seemly companion’ who was buried in Hebron.”
וַיְהִ֞י כַּאֲשֶׁ֧ר הִתְע֣וּ אֹתִ֗י אֱלֹהִים֮ מִבֵּ֣ית אָבִי֒ וָאֹמַ֣ר לָ֔הּ זֶ֣ה חַסְדֵּ֔ךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשִׂ֖י עִמָּדִ֑י אֶ֤ל כׇּל־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָב֣וֹא שָׁ֔מָּה אִמְרִי־לִ֖י אָחִ֥י הֽוּא׃
So when God made me wander from my father’s house, I said to her, ‘Let this be the kindness that you shall do me: whatever place we come to, say there of me: He is my brother.’”
וַיִּמְצָאֵהוּ אִישׁ וְהִנֵּה תֹעֶה בַּשָּׂדֶה (בראשית לז, טו), אָמַר רַבִּי יַנַּאי שְׁלשָׁה מַלְאָכִים נִזְדַּוְּגוּ לוֹ, וַיִּמְצָאֵהוּ אִישׁ, וַיִּשְׁאָלֵהוּ הָאִישׁ, וַיֹּאמֶר הָאִישׁ. (בראשית לז, יז): נָסְעוּ מִזֶּה, מִמִּדּוֹתָיו שֶׁל מָקוֹם. (בראשית לז, יח): וַיִּרְאוּ אֹתוֹ מֵרָחֹק, אָמְרוּ בּוֹאוּ וּנְשַׁסֶּה בּוֹ אֶת הַכְּלָבִים. (שבראשית לז, יט), וַיֹּאמְרוּ אִישׁ אֶל אָחִיו הִנֵּה בַּעַל הַחֲלֹמוֹת, רַבָּנָן אָמְרֵי הַיְדֵי לֵיהּ אָתָא וְטָעֵין חֶלְמֵיהּ. אָמַר רַבִּי לֵוִי זֶה עָתִיד לְהַשִּׁיאָם לַבְּעָלִים. (בראשית לז, כ): וְעַתָּה לְכוּ וְנַהַרְגֵּהוּ, אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אַתֶּם אוֹמְרִים וְנִרְאֶה, וַאֲנִי אוֹמֵר נִרְאֶה, עַתָּה נִרְאֶה (ירמיה מד, כח): דְּבַר מִי יָקוּם, אוֹ שֶׁלִּי אוֹ שֶׁלָּכֶם.
"A man found him, and behold! He was blundering in the field: Rabbi Yannai said: He [Joseph] was met by three angels for scripture says, "A man found him" (Gen. 34:15); "and the man asked him"; and "the man said" (Gen. 34:17). "They have gone from here" - from the characteristics of the Place. "And they saw him far off"(Gen. 34:18): They said, 'Let us kill him by inciting the dogs against him.' "And they said one to another behold the dreamer comes"(Gen. 34:19): the rabbis said, “they exclaimed, Behold he is coming wrapped in his dreams”. Rabbi Levi said, “[they said] this one will ensnare us into serving foreign overloads.” "Come now therefore and let us slay him"(Gen. 34:20): The Holy One of Blessing said to them, “You say ‘We shall see’ and I say ‘We shall see’. Indeed "we shall see whose words will be fulfilled." (Jer. 34:28)
וימצאהו איש. זֶה גַּבְרִיאֵל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וְהָאִישׁ גַּבְרִיאֵל (דניאל ט כא):
וימצאהו איש AND A MAN FOUND HIM — This was the angel Gabriel (Genesis Rabbah 84:14) as it is said, (Daniel 9:21) and the man (והאיש) Gabriel” (Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 22).
וימצאהו איש. דרך הפשט אחד מעוברי דרך:
AND A CERTAIN MAN FOUND HIM. According to the plain meaning of the text a passer by found him.
תועה אין תועה בכל מקום אלא חוץ לתחום. אע”פ שאין ראיה לדבר זכר לדבר. וימצאהו איש והנה תועה בשדה (בראשית לב).
"straying": "straying" in all instances connotes outside of the boundary. Though there is no proof for this, there is support for it in (Genesis 37:15) "and, behold, he was straying in the field."