(6) but you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words that you shall speak to the children of Israel.”
The word "goy" means "nation," and refers to the fact that goyim are members of other nations, that is, nations other than the Children of Israel.
There is nothing inherently insulting about the word "goy." In fact, the Torah occasionally refers to the Jewish people using the term "goy."
ברוך אתה השם...שלו עשני גוי.
Blessed are You, G-d...who has not made me a goy.
(23) Rebbi Yehudah says, “A person is obligated to say [the following] three Berachot (blessings) every day: Baruch [Ata Hashem Eloheinu Melech Haolam] Shelo Asani Goy...[The reason for saying a Beracha for not making him] a gentile is because it says ‘All nations are like nothing to Him. He considers them to be empty and void.’ (Isaiah 40:17)
- carry out justice - An imperative to pursue and enforce social justice, and a prohibition of any miscarriage of justice.
- no blasphemy - Prohibits a curse directed at the Supreme Being.
- no idolatry - Prohibits the worship of any human or any created thing. Also prohibited is the making of idols and involvement with the occult. This necessitates an understanding of the One G‑d of Israel and His nature.
- no illicit intercourse - Prohibits adultery, incest, homosexual intercourse and bestiality, according to Torah definitions.
- no homicide - Prohibits murder and suicide. Causing injury is also forbidden.
- no theft - Prohibits the wrongful taking of another's goods.
- don't eat a limb of a living creature - Promotes the kind treatment of animal life. It also encourages an appreciation for all kinds of life and respect for nature as G‑d's creation. (chabad.org)
(מ) וּלְקַחְתֶּ֨ם לָכֶ֜ם בַּיּ֣וֹם הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן...
(40) On the first day...
We can explain this as follows: The People of Israel fully accepted the yoke of Heaven upon themselves on Rosh Hashanah, as they would recite the phrase "Holy King" and "King of Judgment" [in the holiday liturgy]. The nations of the world, however, did not accept the yoke of Heaven upon themselves over Rosh Hashanah. It is the task of the People of Israel to bring the glory of G‑d's kingdom to all of creation, even to the nations of the world, and the offering of the seventy bulls on the festival of Sukkot is in order that the influx of G‑d's kingdom flows to all of the seventy nations. (chabad.org)
In addition, when something happens to one Jew, the entire nation feels their pain-the average Christian doesn't experience this. Jews are more united and care for one another.
"About the Righteous" Story:


