(1) You shall not watch your bother's ox or sheep run away, and ignore it. You must return it to your brother (2) And if your brother is not close to you, and you don't know him, then you shall bring it home to your house, and it shall be with you until your brother claims it, and you shall give it back to him. (3) And so shall you do with his donkey; and so shalt you do with his garment; and so shalt thou do with every lost thing that belongs to your brother, which he has lost, and you have found.
what are the kinds of things that you might find out in the world and be tempted to keep?
When might you be tempted to ignore something that you find instead of trying to return it?
הפקר
Hefker = property that is declared ownerless and is available for anyone to take. Property becomes hefker by the owner declaring it so, or if it is a found object that can not be identified by its markings. Some examples include commonly scattered objects like coins and items that many people have the exact same version of like a simple #2 pencil.
When can something be considered Hefker in our community? What should we do with things that are Hefker? Finders keepers? Put them in a shared pool? Donate them?
(5) A garment is included with all of these (lost objects)! Why [did the Torah] specify it?
To say to you: A garment can be identified by special markings [like a name tag or other identifiers], and you must announce that you have found it so that its owner can collect it.
So, to, any lost object that can be identified by special markings has to be announced.