קהלת פרק ד
(ט) טוֹבִ֥ים הַשְּׁנַ֖יִם מִן־הָאֶחָ֑ד אֲשֶׁ֧ר יֵשׁ־לָהֶ֛ם שָׂכָ֥ר ט֖וֹב בַּעֲמָלָֽם:
(י) כִּ֣י אִם־יִפֹּ֔לוּ הָאֶחָ֖ד יָקִ֣ים אֶת־חֲבֵר֑וֹ וְאִ֣יל֗וֹ הָֽאֶחָד֙ שֶׁיִּפּ֔וֹל וְאֵ֥ין שֵׁנִ֖י לַהֲקִימֽוֹ:
1. Kohelet chapter 4
(9) Two are better off than one, in that they have greater benefit from their earnings. (10) For should they fall, one can raise the other; but woe betide him who is alone and falls with no companion to raise him!
2. Avot 1, 6
Joshua ben Perahiah used to say: appoint for thyself a teacher, and acquire for thyself a companion and judge all people with the scale weighted in his favor.
והחברים - שלושה מינים: חבר תועלת, וחבר נחת, וחבר מעלה. אמנם חבר התועלת, הרי הוא כחברות שני השותפים, וחברות המלך וחייליו. ואמנם חבר הנחת, הרי הוא שני מינים: חבר הנאה, וחבר בטחון. אמנם חבר ההנאה, הרי הוא כחברות הזכרים לנקבות וכיוצא בה. ואמנם חבר הבטחון, הרי הוא שיהיה לאדם חבר שתבטח נפשו בו, לא ישמר ממנו לא במעשה ולא בדיבור, ויגלה לו כל עניניו, הנאה מהם והמגונה, מבלי חשש ממנו שישיגהו בכל זה חסרון, לא אצלו ולא אצל זולתו. כי אם יגיע לנפש בטחון באיש עד לזה השעור - תמצא רוב נחת בשיחתו ובחברותו. ואוהב המעלה, הוא שתהיה תאות שניהם וכוונתם למטרה אחת, והיא: הטוב, וירצה כל אחד להעזר בחברו בהגיע הטוב ההוא לשניהם יחד. וזה הוא החבר אשר ציוה לקנותו, והוא כחברות הרב לתלמיד והתלמיד לרב.
3. Rambam on Mihsna Avot 1, 6
And he said, "acquire for yourself a friend". He said it with an expression of acquisition and he did not say, "Make for yourself a friend," or "Befriend others." The intention of this is that a person must acquire a friend for himself, so that all of his deeds and all of his matters be refined through him, as they said (Taanit 23a), "Either a friend or death." And if he does not find him, he must make efforts for it with all his heart, and even if he must lead him to his friendship, until he becomes a friend. And [then] he must never let off from following [his friend's] will, until his friendship is firmed up. [It is] as the masters of ethics say, "When you love, do not love according to your traits; but rather love according to the trait of your friend." And when each of the friends has the intention to fulfill the will of his friend, the intention of both of them will be one without a doubt. And how good is the statement of Aristotle, "The friend is one."
And there are three types of friends: a friend for benefit, a friend for enjoyment and a friend for virtue. Indeed, a friend for benefit is like the friendship of two [business] partners and the friendship of a king and his retinue; whereas the friendship for enjoyment is of two types - the friend for pleasure and the friend for confidence. Indeed, the friend for pleasure is like the friendship of males and females and similar to it; whereas the friend for confidence is when a man has a friend to whom he can confide his soul. He will not keep [anything] from him - not in action and not in speech. And he will make him know all of his affairs - the good ones and the disgraceful - without fearing from him that any loss will come to him with all of this, not from him and not from another. As when a person has such a level of confidence in a man, he finds great enjoyment in his words and in his great friendship. And a friend for virtue is when the desire of both of them and their intention is for one thing, and that is the good. And each one wants to be helped by his friend in reaching this good for both of them together. And this is the friend which he commanded to acquire; and it is like the love of the master for the student and of the student for the master.
4. Aristotle
What is a friend? A single soul dwelling in two bodies… “Wishing to be friends is quick work, but friendship is a slow ripening fruit.
6. Taanit 23a
Rava said: This explains the folk saying that people say: Either friendship or death, as one who has no friends is better off dead.
7. Toy Story \ Randy Newman
You've got a friend in me
You've got a friend in me
When the road looks rough ahead
And you're miles and miles
From your nice warm bed
You just remember what your old pal said
Boy, you've got a friend in me
Yeah, you've got a friend in me
...
You got troubles, I've got 'em too
There isn't anything I wouldn't do for you
We stick together and see it through
'Cause you've got a friend in me
You've got a friend in me
....
And as the years go by
Our friendship will never die
You're gonna see it's our destiny
You've got a friend in me...
(ט) טוֹבִ֥ים הַשְּׁנַ֖יִם מִן־הָאֶחָ֑ד אֲשֶׁ֧ר יֵשׁ־לָהֶ֛ם שָׂכָ֥ר ט֖וֹב בַּעֲמָלָֽם:
(י) כִּ֣י אִם־יִפֹּ֔לוּ הָאֶחָ֖ד יָקִ֣ים אֶת־חֲבֵר֑וֹ וְאִ֣יל֗וֹ הָֽאֶחָד֙ שֶׁיִּפּ֔וֹל וְאֵ֥ין שֵׁנִ֖י לַהֲקִימֽוֹ:
1. Kohelet chapter 4
(9) Two are better off than one, in that they have greater benefit from their earnings. (10) For should they fall, one can raise the other; but woe betide him who is alone and falls with no companion to raise him!
- משנה מסכת אבות פרק א משנה ו
2. Avot 1, 6
Joshua ben Perahiah used to say: appoint for thyself a teacher, and acquire for thyself a companion and judge all people with the scale weighted in his favor.
- פירוש המשנה לרמב"ם מסכת אבות פרק א משנה ו
והחברים - שלושה מינים: חבר תועלת, וחבר נחת, וחבר מעלה. אמנם חבר התועלת, הרי הוא כחברות שני השותפים, וחברות המלך וחייליו. ואמנם חבר הנחת, הרי הוא שני מינים: חבר הנאה, וחבר בטחון. אמנם חבר ההנאה, הרי הוא כחברות הזכרים לנקבות וכיוצא בה. ואמנם חבר הבטחון, הרי הוא שיהיה לאדם חבר שתבטח נפשו בו, לא ישמר ממנו לא במעשה ולא בדיבור, ויגלה לו כל עניניו, הנאה מהם והמגונה, מבלי חשש ממנו שישיגהו בכל זה חסרון, לא אצלו ולא אצל זולתו. כי אם יגיע לנפש בטחון באיש עד לזה השעור - תמצא רוב נחת בשיחתו ובחברותו. ואוהב המעלה, הוא שתהיה תאות שניהם וכוונתם למטרה אחת, והיא: הטוב, וירצה כל אחד להעזר בחברו בהגיע הטוב ההוא לשניהם יחד. וזה הוא החבר אשר ציוה לקנותו, והוא כחברות הרב לתלמיד והתלמיד לרב.
3. Rambam on Mihsna Avot 1, 6
And he said, "acquire for yourself a friend". He said it with an expression of acquisition and he did not say, "Make for yourself a friend," or "Befriend others." The intention of this is that a person must acquire a friend for himself, so that all of his deeds and all of his matters be refined through him, as they said (Taanit 23a), "Either a friend or death." And if he does not find him, he must make efforts for it with all his heart, and even if he must lead him to his friendship, until he becomes a friend. And [then] he must never let off from following [his friend's] will, until his friendship is firmed up. [It is] as the masters of ethics say, "When you love, do not love according to your traits; but rather love according to the trait of your friend." And when each of the friends has the intention to fulfill the will of his friend, the intention of both of them will be one without a doubt. And how good is the statement of Aristotle, "The friend is one."
And there are three types of friends: a friend for benefit, a friend for enjoyment and a friend for virtue. Indeed, a friend for benefit is like the friendship of two [business] partners and the friendship of a king and his retinue; whereas the friendship for enjoyment is of two types - the friend for pleasure and the friend for confidence. Indeed, the friend for pleasure is like the friendship of males and females and similar to it; whereas the friend for confidence is when a man has a friend to whom he can confide his soul. He will not keep [anything] from him - not in action and not in speech. And he will make him know all of his affairs - the good ones and the disgraceful - without fearing from him that any loss will come to him with all of this, not from him and not from another. As when a person has such a level of confidence in a man, he finds great enjoyment in his words and in his great friendship. And a friend for virtue is when the desire of both of them and their intention is for one thing, and that is the good. And each one wants to be helped by his friend in reaching this good for both of them together. And this is the friend which he commanded to acquire; and it is like the love of the master for the student and of the student for the master.
4. Aristotle
What is a friend? A single soul dwelling in two bodies… “Wishing to be friends is quick work, but friendship is a slow ripening fruit.
- אוצר מדרשים (אייזנשטיין) מעשיות עמוד 321
- תענית כ״ג.
6. Taanit 23a
Rava said: This explains the folk saying that people say: Either friendship or death, as one who has no friends is better off dead.
7. Toy Story \ Randy Newman
You've got a friend in me
You've got a friend in me
When the road looks rough ahead
And you're miles and miles
From your nice warm bed
You just remember what your old pal said
Boy, you've got a friend in me
Yeah, you've got a friend in me
...
You got troubles, I've got 'em too
There isn't anything I wouldn't do for you
We stick together and see it through
'Cause you've got a friend in me
You've got a friend in me
....
And as the years go by
Our friendship will never die
You're gonna see it's our destiny
You've got a friend in me...
- מה היתרון של חברות?
- קנה לך חבר – מפתיע שהמשנה משתמשת במילה "קנה". איזו מילה אתם הייתם משתמשים? למה היא בכל זאת משתמשת במילה הזאת?
- רמב"ם – קניית חבר, לחשוב על מה טוב לו ואז כשכל אחד חושב על השני החברות עובדת. שלושה סוגי חברות: 1)תועלת, 2)הנאה 3)מעלה.
- מאריסטו אפשר ללמוד על חברות אמיתית ובנוסף על ההבנה של "קנה לך חבר", זה דורש מאמץ והשקעה אינסופית.
- אוצר המדרשים – סיפור על חברות אמת, מוכנות למות למען החבר. עורר קנאה אצל המלך שלמרות שהיה לו הכל, בעצם לא היה לו כלום כי לא היה לו חברות. חברות זה אוצר נדיר ויקר שצריך לעבוד עליו קשה ולשמור עליו מכל משמר.