Save "Midrash Tanchuma, Parashat Lech Lecha"
Midrash Tanchuma, Parashat Lech Lecha
וַאֲבָרְכֶךָ, שֶׁאֲנִי בִּכְבוֹדִי מְבָרְכֶךָ. וַאֲגַדְּלָה שְׁמֶךָ, שֶׁשִּׁמְךָ מִתְגַּדֵּל בָּעוֹלָם. וֶהְיֵה בְּרָכָה מַהוּ, שֶׁבִּרְכָתְךָ קוֹדֶמֶת לְבִרְכָתִי. בַּתְּחִלָּה אוֹמְרִים: מָגֵן אַבְרָהָם וְאַחַר כָּךְ מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים. דָּבָר אַחֵר, וֶהְיֵה בְּרָכָה. אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, מִשָּׁעָה שֶׁבָּרָאתִי עוֹלָמִי, הָיִיתִי זָקוּק לְבָרֵךְ בְּרִיּוֹתַי. בֵּרַכְתִּי לְאָדָם וְחַוָּה, דִּכְתִיב: וַיְבָרֶךְ אֹתָם אֱלֹהִים (בראשית א, כח). לְנֹחַ וּבָנָיו, דִּכְתִיב: וַיְבָרֶךְ אֱלֹהִים אֶת נֹחַ וְאֶת בָּנָיו (בראשית ט, א). מִכָּאן וָאֵילַךְ אַתָּה הֱיֵה עָשׂוּי עַל הַבְּרָכוֹת.

And I will bless thee and make thy name great, and be thou a blessing (Gen. 12:2). And I will bless thee implies: I Myself will bless thee. I will make thy name great indicates that your name will be exalted throughout the world. What do the words and be thou a blessing signify? They signify that your blessing will precede My blessing. That is why (in the Amidah prayer) the passage “Shield of Abraham” precedes the prayer “Revive the Dead.” Another comment on Be thou a blessing. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: From the time I created My world, I had to bless My creatures. I blessed Adam and Eve, as it is written: And He blessed them (ibid. 1:28), and Noah and his sons, as it is said: And God blessed Noah and his sons (ibid. 9:1), but henceforth, you shall confer blessings.

הוּא שֶׁאָמַר הַכָּתוּב, וְאֶת הַנֶּפֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ בְחָרָן (בראשית יב, ה). אָמַר רַבִּי אֲלַכֶּסַנְדְרִי, אִלְמָלֵא נִתְכַּנְּסוּ כָּל הַבְּרִיּוֹת לַעֲשׂוֹת יַתּוּשׁ אֶחָד, אֵין יְכוֹלִין לַעֲשׂוֹת. וּמַהוּ הַנֶּפֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ, שֶׁהָיָה מְלַמְּדָן יִרְאַת שָׁמַיִם וּמוֹרֶה לָהֶן אֶת הַתּוֹרָה. אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: אַתָּה זָרַעְתָּ אֶת הַצְּדָקָה וְהוֹדַעְתָּנִי בָעוֹלָם, שָׂכָר אַתָּה נוֹטֵל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: שְׂכָרְךָ הַרְבֵּה מְאֹד.

Scripture says elsewhere And the souls that they made in Haran (Gen. 12:5). R. Alexandri stated: The fact is that if all mankind assembled to make just one mosquito, they would not be able to do so. What then is the meaning of this verse, And the souls that they made in Haran? It means that he taught them about the fear of heaven and instructed them in the law (in that place). The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: You have sown righteousness and have made Me known in this world, hence you will be rewarded, as it is said: Thy reward shall be exceedingly great (Gen. 16:1).

וּכְשֶׁאָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְאַבְרָהָם, הִתְהַלֵּךְ לְפָנַי וֶהְיֵה תָמִים, הִתְחִיל תָּמֵהַּ. אָמַר, עַד עַכְשָׁו אֲנִי תָּמִים, אִם אֲנִי מָל אֶהְיֶה חָסֵר. חָמֵשׁ עָרְלוֹת הֵן, אַרְבַּע בָּאָדָם וְאֶחָד בָּאִילָן. עָרְלַת הָאֹזֶן כְּתִיב בָּהּ הִנֵּה עֲרֵלָה אָזְנָם (ירמיה ו, י). עָרְלַת הַלֵּב, דִּכְתִיב: וּמַלְתֶּם אֵת עָרְלַת לְבַבְכֶם (דברים י, טז). עָרְלַת לָשׁוֹן, דִּכְתִיב: עֲרַל שְׂפָתָיִם (שמות ו, יב). עָרְלַת בָּשָׂר, דִּכְתִיב: וּמַלְתֶּם אֵת בְּשַׂר עָרְלַתְכֶם (בראשית יז, יא). אִם אָמוּל אֶחָד מֵאֵלּוּ, נִמְצֵאתִי חָסֵר מֵאֵבָרַי. אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: מָה אַתָּה סָבוּר שֶׁאַתָּה תָמִים שָׁלֵם, אַתָּה חָסֵר מֵחֲמִשָּׁה אֵבָרִים. אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: עַד שֶׁלֹּא תָמוּל, הָיָה שִׁמְךָ אַבְרָם, א' אֶחָד, ב' שְׁנַיִם, ר' מָאתַיִם, מ' אַרְבָּעִים, הֲרֵי מָאתַיִם וְאַרְבָּעִים וּשְׁלֹשָׁה. וּמִנְיַן אֵבָרִים שֶׁבָּאָדָם מָאתַיִם וְאַרְבָּעִים וּשְׁמוֹנָה, מוּל וֶהְיֵה תָמִים. כְּשֶׁמָּל, אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֹד שִׁמְךָ אַבְרָם וְהָיָה שִׁמְךָ אַבְרָהָם. הוֹסִיף לוֹ ה', חֲמִשָּׁה, מִנְיַן רַמַ״‎ח אֵבָרִים. לְפִיכָךְ וֶהְיֵה תָמִים.
When the Holy One, blessed be He, told Abraham: Walk before Me, and be thou wholehearted (Gen. 17:1), Abraham began to wonder. He said to himself: “Surely, until now I have been whole in body, but if I circumcise myself I shall be incomplete. There are five prepuces, four in a man and one on a tree. The prepuce of the ear, as it is written: Behold, their ear is uncircumcised (Jer. 6:10); the prepuce of the heart, as it is written: Remove the obduracy of your heart (Deut. 10:16); the prepuce of the tongue, as it is said: Of uncircumcised lips (Exod. 6:12); the prepuce of the flesh, as it is written in this verse: Ye shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskin (Gen. 17:1). If I should circumcise any one of these prepuces, my organs will be incomplete.” The Holy One, blessed be He, asked him: “Why do you believe that you are whole? In fact you lack five limbs. Before you were circumcised, your name was Abram: The alef in your name is one, the bet two, the resh two hundred, and the mem forty, and that totals two hundred and forty-three. However, Man’s limbs total two hundred and forty-eight. Circumcise yourself and you will be whole.” After he was circumcised, the Holy One, blessed be He, said to Him: No longer is your name Abram; henceforth it will be Abraham (ibid., v. 5). He added a heh, which equals five, to his name, making a total of two hundred forty-eight, corresponding to the number of limbs in the human body. Hence Scripture says: Be thou whole.