This theme is discussed many times in Avinu Malkeinu, even with the name of the prayer itself. In this time we focus on HaShem in these two roles- as Avinu, our loving Father, and as Malkeinu, our King who rules with justice. While there's a lot to focus on in this lengthy and powerful tefillah, one line stands out.
I heard in a shiur by R' Shraga Kallus that Rav Pam, zt"l, recommended that one place special emphasis on the words, אבינו מלכנו נא אל תשיבנו ריקם מלפניך, "HaShem please don't let us leave from before you empty handed".
These are days of tefillah, of communicating with HaShem, but as R' Kallus put it- we don't want just communication, we want connection. We don't want to just be saying some words- we want to be speaking the same language as HaShem. We don't want it to just be lip service.
So what does it mean, that we don't want to leave empty handed? The start of the answer can be found in R' Yosef Albo's Sefer HaIkkarim. There's a very famous question that almost everyone has asked at one point or another- if HaShem knows what's going to happen, how does tefillah work? Are we changing His mind? What's the point of davening?
(א) מה שהביא האנשים לפקפק בתפלה קרוב למה שהביא אותם לסלק ידיעת השם. וזה שהם אומרים שלא ימלט הדבר מחלוקה אם שנגזר מהשם טוב מה על איש מה או לא נגזר. ואם נגזר אין צריך תפלה, ואם לא נגזר איך תועיל התפלה לשנות רצון השם לגזור עליו טוב אחר שלא נגזר
(1) The reason which leads men to doubt the efficacy of prayer is the same as that which leads them to deny God’s knowledge. Their argument is as follows: Either God has determined that a given person shall receive a given benefit, or He has not so determined. If He has determined, there is no need of prayer; and if He has not determined, how can prayer avail to change God’s will that He should now determine to benefit the person, when He had not so determined before?
הנה הוא כאלו נהפך לאיש אחר שלא נגזרה עליו אותה גזרה.
But if he changes that state through repentance, he, as it were, changes into another person upon whom that decree was not made.
This is what we are asking for when we say נא אל תשיבנו ריקם מלפניך. We are expressing our desire that this tefillah is the one that changes us forever, that this Aseres Yemei Teshuva is one where we change for the better, where we make a kabbalah that actually sticks, where we become just a little bit holier than we were in 5781.
Sometimes, however, we are unsure of what to do. We daven, and we feel refreshed after, like we really had a great conversation with HaKadosh Baruch Hu, but then we get lost. When we get lost, when we don't know what to do next, or feel like we've bitten off more than we can chew, this is where we can turn to HaShem for some Divine Assistance.
בָּא לִיטָּהֵר — מְסַיְּיעִים אוֹתוֹ.
If he comes in order to become purified, they, in Heaven, assist him.
רב הונא א"ר אלעזר מן התורה ומן הנביאים ומן הכתובים בדרך שאדם רוצה לילך בה מוליכין אותו
Rav Huna says that Rabbi Elazar says: From the Torah, from the Prophets, and from the Writings one learns that along the path a person wishes to proceed, one leads and assists him.
This is similar to another point R' Kallus made in the shiur. We know that Yom Kippur is on the tenth of Tishrei because that's when HaShem said סלחתי כדברך to Moshe Rabbeinu, telling him that Bnei Yisrael were forgiven after the sin of the Golden Calf. R' Kallus asked, why סלחתי כדברך? "I have forgiven like you said"? What does that mean?
The verbiage is to teach us a lesson. HaShem's forgiveness depends on us. If we put a lot of effort into teshuva, if we really daven and really want it, then, כדברך, like we said and asked for, HaShem will put a lot of effort into our forgiveness, so to speak. If we only put a little bit of effort in, then כדברך, HaShem will only give us a little bit of forgiveness.
So you see, we've been equipped with the tools for these holy days. We have Avinu Malkeinu, we have Vidui and the Al- Cheits and all the rest of the beautiful tefillos we say in this time frame. But then it's up to us. We have to want it. That can be frightening at times, because it feels like such a big task, and we don't know where to start and it's really not such a big span of time that we have to work with. For that reason, HaShem reminds us that if we attempt to do teshuva, we can't go wrong, He's on our side.
Though teshuva often seems like it's this big scary task, now that we understand Avinu Malkeinu and the power of tefillah, and we are at the stage where we want to do teshuva- or at least we want to want to do teshuva- we must remember:
Remember that a little bit of prayer- true, heartfelt prayer- and some Divine assistance can go a long way, and 'בעזרת ה we will not exit these auspicious days empty handed, but rather we will be able to show the Bais Din a completely new person on Yom Kippur- the person of the year 5782, who's worlds away from the person they were in 5781.
Gmar chasima tova to all.
Zechus refuah for Yehuda Aryeh Leib ben Sarah Leah.