You shall not commit adultery

ByMarc Schulz

Ten Commandments

שמות כ׳:י״ג

לֹ֣֖א תִּֿנְאָ֑͏ֽף׃

Exodus 20:13

You shall not commit adultery.

משלי ו׳:ל״ב-ל״ה

(לב) נֹאֵ֣ף אִשָּׁ֣ה חֲסַר־לֵ֑ב מַֽשְׁחִ֥ית נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ ה֣וּא יַעֲשֶֽׂנָּה׃ (לג) נֶגַע־וְקָל֥וֹן יִמְצָ֑א וְ֝חֶרְפָּת֗וֹ לֹ֣א תִמָּחֶֽה׃ (לד) כִּֽי־קִנְאָ֥ה חֲמַת־גָּ֑בֶר וְלֹא־יַ֝חְמ֗וֹל בְּי֣וֹם נָקָֽם׃ (לה) לֹֽא־יִ֭שָּׂא פְּנֵ֣י כׇל־כֹּ֑פֶר וְלֹֽא־יֹ֝אבֶ֗ה כִּ֣י תַרְבֶּה־שֹֽׁחַד׃ {פ}

Proverbs 6:32-35

(32) He who commits adultery is devoid of sense; Only one who would destroy himself does such a thing. (33) He will meet with disease and disgrace; His reproach will never be expunged. (34) The fury of the husband will be passionate; He will show no pity on his day of vengeance. (35) He will not have regard for any ransom; He will refuse your bribe, however great.

תרגום יונתן על שמות כ׳:י״ג

לא תנאף עַמִּי בְּנֵי יִשְרָאֵל לָא תֶהֱווּן גִּיּוּרִין לָא חַבְרִין וְלָא שׁוּתָּפִין עִם גִּיּוּרִין וְלָא יִתְחָמֵי בִּכְנִשְׁתְּהוֹן דְּיִשְרָאֵל עִם גִּיּוּרִין דְּלָא יְקוּמוּן בְּנֵיכוֹן מִן בַּתְרֵיכוֹן וְיִלְפוּן לְחוֹד הִינוּן לְמֶהֱוֵי עִם גִּיּוּרִין אֲרוּם בְּחוֹבֵי גִיּוּרָא מוֹתָא נָפִיק עַל עַלְמָא:

Targum Jonathan on Exodus 20:13

My people of the house of Israel, Be ye not adulterers, nor companions nor partakers with adulterers: nor in the congregations of Israel shall there be seen an adulterous people, that your sons may not arise after you to teach one another to have part with adulterers: for through the guilt of adultery death cometh forth upon the world.

שבועות מ״ז ב:ד׳

שמעון בן טרפון אומר אזהרה לעוקב אחר נואף מנין ת"ל (שמות כ, יג) לא תנאף לא תנאיף

Shevuot 47b:4

Shimon ben Tarfon says: With regard to the prohibition of following after an adulterer, i.e., providing him with assistance in carrying out adultery, from where is it derived? The verse states: “You shall not commit adultery [lo tinaf ]” (Exodus 20:13). If the verse is vocalized slightly differently, it may be read: You shall not cause adultery [lo tanif ].

הושע ד׳:י״ג-י״ד

(יג) עַל־רָאשֵׁ֨י הֶהָרִ֜ים יְזַבֵּ֗חוּ וְעַל־הַגְּבָעוֹת֙ יְקַטֵּ֔רוּ תַּ֣חַת אַלּ֧וֹן וְלִבְנֶ֛ה וְאֵלָ֖ה כִּ֣י ט֣וֹב צִלָּ֑הּ עַל־כֵּ֗ן תִּזְנֶ֙ינָה֙ בְּנ֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם וְכַלּוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם תְּנָאַֽפְנָה׃ (יד) לֹא־אֶפְק֨וֹד עַל־בְּנוֹתֵיכֶ֜ם כִּ֣י תִזְנֶ֗ינָה וְעַל־כַּלּֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ כִּ֣י תְנָאַ֔פְנָה כִּי־הֵם֙ עִם־הַזֹּנ֣וֹת יְפָרֵ֔דוּ וְעִם־הַקְּדֵשׁ֖וֹת יְזַבֵּ֑חוּ וְעָ֥ם לֹֽא־יָבִ֖ין יִלָּבֵֽט׃

Hosea 4:13-14

(13) They sacrifice on the mountaintops And offer on the hills, Under oaks, poplars, and terebinths Whose shade is so pleasant. That is why their daughters fornicate And their daughters-in-law commit adultery! (14) I will not punish their daughters for fornicating Nor their daughters-in-law for committing adultery; For they themselves turn aside with whores And sacrifice with prostitutes, And a people that is without sense must stumble.