(שמואל א ו, יב) וישרנה הפרות בדרך על דרך בית שמש וגו' מאי וישרנה א"ר יוחנן משום ר"מ שאמרו שירה ורב זוטרא בר טוביה אמר רב שישרו פניהם כנגד ארון ואמרו שירה ומאי שירה אמרו א"ר יוחנן משום ר"מ (שמות טו, א) אז ישיר משה ובני ישראל ור' יוחנן דידיה אמר (ישעיהו יב, ד) ואמרתם ביום ההוא הודו ליקוק קראו בשמו וגו' ור"ש בן לקיש אמר מזמורא יתמא (תהלים צח, א) מזמור שירו ליקוק שיר חדש כי נפלאות עשה הושיעה לו ימינו וזרוע קדשו ר' אלעזר אמר (תהלים צט, א) יקוק מלך ירגזו עמים ר' שמואל בר נחמני אמר (תהלים צג, א) יקוק מלך גאות לבש ר' יצחק נפחא אמר רוני רוני השיטה התנופפי ברוב הדרך המחושקת בריקמי זהב המהוללה בדביר ארמון ומפוארה בעדי עדיים רב אשי מתני לה להא דר' יצחק אהא (במדבר י, לה) ויהי בנסוע הארון ויאמר משה קומה יקוק ישראל מאי אמרו אמר ר' יצחק רוני רוני השיטה וכו' אמר רב כמאן קרו פרסאי לספרא דביר מהכא (שופטים א, יא) ושם דביר לפנים קרית ספר רב אשי אמר כמאן קרו פרסאי לנידה דשתנא מהכא (בראשית לא, לה) כי דרך נשים לי:

the incident involving Yitro was after the giving of the Torah, what is there to say? How could they accept offerings from him? Rather, it must be that Yitro purchased the animals from a Jew. The Gemara further states: Come and hear another objection from a verse: “And Saul said: They have brought them from the Amalekites; for the people spared the best of the flock and of the herd, to sacrifice unto the Lord your God” (I Samuel 15:15). The verse states explicitly that the Israelites intended to sacrifice animals previously owned by gentiles. The Gemara explains: What is the meaning of the phrase: “The best”? This is referring to the monetary value of the best livestock. The intention was not to sacrifice the animals themselves, but to sell them and use the proceeds of the sale to purchase other animals to sacrifice as offerings. The Gemara inquires: And what is different about the best animals? If the animals were sold for their value, why sell those animals in particular, rather than several inferior-quality animals? The Gemara explains that they did so in order that buyers would jump at the opportunity to buy superior-quality livestock. In other words, it is easier to sell one superior-quality animal than several inferior-quality ones. Come and hear another objection from a verse: “And Araunah said unto David: Let my lord the king take and offer up what seems good unto him; behold the cattle for the burnt-offering, and the threshing instruments [morigim] and the accoutrements of the cattle for the wood” (II Samuel 24:22). Apparently, David was willing to accept oxen as offerings from a gentile. Rav Naḥman says: Araunah was a gentile who resided in Eretz Yisrael and observed the seven Noahide mitzvot [ger toshav]. The seven Noahide mitzvot include the prohibition against engaging in bestiality, and therefore Araunah was not suspected of this practice. Tangentially, the Gemara asks: What is the meaning of the term morigim,” mentioned in this verse? Ulla said: It is a turbil bed. The Gemara asks: What is a turbil bed? It is a serrated board [kurkesa] used for threshing. Rav Yosef said: What is the verse from which the meaning of morigim is derived? It is derived from the verse: “Behold, I have made you a new threshing board [morag] having sharp teeth; you shall thresh the mountains, and beat them small, and shall make the hills as chaff” (Isaiah 41:15). The Gemara raises an objection to the opinion of Rabbi Eliezer. After the Philistines returned the Ark of the Covenant to the Israelites upon a cart drawn by cattle, the verse states: “And they sacrificed the cattle as a burnt-offering unto the Lord” (I Samuel 6:14). Evidently, the Jews did not hesitate to sacrifice the Philistines’ animals. The Gemara explains: There, it was a provisional edict issued in extraordinary circumstances, and their actions are not representative of the general halakha. The Gemara adds: This also stands to reason, as, if you do not say so, one can raise a further difficulty with this episode: Is there a female burnt-offering? Only males may be sacrificed as burnt-offerings. Since the Jews sacrificed the cows as burnt-offerings, it is clear that they were acting unconventionally due to extenuating circumstances. The Gemara rejects this proof: And what is the difficulty? In other words, the additional problem with the incident, that the animals were female, which is cited as proof that there were extenuating circumstances, is not in fact difficult at all. The Gemara elaborates: Perhaps the cows were offered upon a private altar, and this is in accordance with the opinion of Rav Adda bar Ahava, as Rav Adda bar Ahava says: From where is it derived that a female burnt-offering is fit to be sacrificed upon a private altar? As it is stated: “And Samuel took a milking lamb, and sacrificed it [vaya’alehu] for a burnt-offering unto the Lord” (I Samuel 7:9). The phrase “milking lamb” indicates that it was a female, and yet Samuel sacrificed it upon a private altar. The Gemara raises a difficulty: But the word vaya’alehu is masculine, which means that the lamb was a male. Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak says: Although the word is read in the masculine, it is written in the feminine form, vaya’alah, which teaches that even a female lamb may be sacrificed on a private altar. § After concluding its discussion of the opinion of Rabbi Eliezer, the Gemara cites another resolution of the contradiction between the mishna and the baraita. Rabbi Yoḥanan says: There is a clear demarcation in the case of an animal with whom a man engaged in bestiality. If she is less than three years old, she becomes barren as a result of penetration, but if she is already three years old, she does not become barren. Although gentiles are generally suspected of engaging in bestiality, the baraita rules that an animal that is less than three years old may be used as an offering because a gentile will refrain from engaging in bestiality with an animal that may become barren as a result of his actions. They raised all of those refutations from the aforementioned verses which indicate that animals purchased from gentiles may be brought as offerings, and he answered them by claiming that the animals being offered were less than three years old. The Gemara reexamines one of the objections. Come and hear, as the verse states: “And they sacrificed the cattle as a burnt-offering unto the Lord” (I Samuel 6:14). Rabbi Yoḥanan explained that although in that incident the cattle had been owned by Philistines, they were less than three years old, and it was therefore presumed that the Philistines had not engaged in bestiality with them. The Gemara cites a refutation of Rabbi Yoḥanan’s answer: Rav Huna, son of Rabbi Natan, objects to this: If so, then this is also true with regard to the verse: “And they took two nursing cows and tied them to the cart and shut up their calves at home” (I Samuel 6:10). According to Rabbi Yoḥanan, the verse is necessarily referring to cows that are less than three years old. And can a cow that is less than three years old give birth? But isn’t it taught in a baraita: With regard to a cow or a donkey purchased from a gentile when they were less than three years old, the first of their offspring born after the purchase is certainly reserved for the priest, who is entitled to the firstborn of a cow or donkey owned by a Jew. From this point forward, i.e., if they were older than three years at the time of the sale, it is uncertain whether or not the offspring is the firstborn. This indicates that an animal does not bear offspring within the first three years of its life. Since the cows in the verse had already given birth, they could not have been less than three years old, as Rabbi Yoḥanan claimed. The Gemara concludes: Rather, it is clear as we initially answered, i.e., Rabbi Yoḥanan’s suggestion is rejected, and the actions in that verse were due to a provisional edict. § The Gemara further analyzes the episode involving the cows sent by the Philistines. The verse states: “And the cattle took the straight [vayyisharna] way, on the way to Beit Shemesh; they went along the highway, lowing as they went” (I Samuel 6:12). The Gemara asks: What is the meaning of the word vayyisharna? Rabbi Yoḥanan says in the name of Rabbi Meir: It means that they recited a song [shira]. And Rav Zutra bar Toviyya says that Rav says: It means that they straightened [yishru] their faces so that they were opposite the Ark and recited a song. The Gemara asks: And what song did they recite? Rabbi Yoḥanan says in the name of Rabbi Meir: They recited the song that follows the verse: “Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the Lord” (Exodus 15:1). And Rabbi Yoḥanan himself says that it was: “And on that day shall you say: Give thanks unto the Lord, proclaim His name, declare His doings among the peoples, make mention that His name is exalted” (Isaiah 12:4). And Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish says that it was an orphaned psalm, i.e., a psalm whose author and the event to which it makes reference are not specified. The psalm begins with: “A Psalm. O sing unto the Lord a new song, for He has done marvelous things; His right hand, and His holy arm, have wrought salvation for Him” (Psalms 98:1). Rabbi Elazar says that it was the psalm beginning with: “The Lord reigns; let the peoples tremble” (Psalms 99:1). Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥmani says that it was the Psalm beginning: “The Lord reigns; He is clothed in majesty” (Psalms 93:1). Rabbi Yitzḥak Nappaḥa says: They did not recite a verse found in the Bible, but rather, the following song: Sing, sing, acacia; ascend in all your glory; overlaid with golden embroidery, exalted by the book [devir] of the palace, and magnificent with jewels. The song alludes to the Ark of the Covenant, which was made of acacia wood and covered with gold. The expression: Book of the palace, is a reference to the Torah scroll that was placed in the Ark. Rav Ashi teaches this statement of Rabbi Yitzḥak in relation to this verse: “And it came to pass, when the Ark set forward, that Moses said: Rise up, O Lord, and let Your enemies be scattered” (Numbers 10:35). The Gemara asks: What did the Jewish people recite at this juncture? Rabbi Yitzḥak says that they recited: Sing, sing, acacia, ascend in all your glory; overlaid with golden embroidery, exalted by the book of the palace, and magnificent with jewels. § Apropos the mention of the term devir, the Gemara discusses its etymology. Rav said: On what basis do the Persians call a book [sifra] by the term devir? They derive it from here: “Now the name of Debir [devir] beforehand was Kiriath Sefer” (Judges 1:11). Since the name devir was changed to Kiriath Sefer, the Persians referred to a sifra, i.e., a book, as devir. The Gemara examines the etymology of another term coined by the Persians. Rav Ashi said: On what basis do the Persians call a menstruating woman by the term dashtana? It is from here, a verse in which Rachel claims to be a menstruating woman: “For the manner of women is upon me [derekh nashim li]” (Genesis 31:35). The word dashtana is a shortened form of the phrase derekh nashim.

וישרנה הפרות בדרך וגו' מאי וישרנה. מפרש"י בס' שמואל וישרנה הרי תיבה זו אנדרוגינוס מלמד שאף הולדות אמרו שירה רני רני השטה עכ"ל. ונראה לפרש דבריו שהתיבה זו אנדרוגינוס מלשון זכר ונקבה שהיו"ד בתחלת התיבה הוא יו"ד הזכר דכיון דבפרות נקבות מדבר הל"ל ותשרנה ונו"ן ה"א בסופה היא מנקבה וע"כ דרשו בו שרמז שגם על ולדותיהם הזכרים נאמר קרא שאמרו שירה ולא נצטערו על שכלו בבית שעל הולדות א"א לפרש כפשוטו שהלכו בדרך ישר שהרי נתעכבו שם בבית ומזה נראה לפרש גם למאן דאמר נמי שישרו פניהם כנגד הארון לכבוד שרמז שגם על ולדותיהם נאמר קרא שישרו פניהם בעמדם בבית כנגד הארון לכבוד דישר כפשוטו א"א לפרש גבי ולדות וק"ל:

(א) וַיְהִ֧י אֲרוֹן־יקוק בִּשְׂדֵ֥ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים שִׁבְעָ֥ה חֳדָשִֽׁים׃ (ב) וַיִּקְרְא֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים לַכֹּהֲנִ֤ים וְלַקֹּֽסְמִים֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה לַאֲר֣וֹן יקוק הוֹדִעֻ֕נוּ בַּמֶּ֖ה נְשַׁלְּחֶ֥נּוּ לִמְקוֹמֽוֹ׃ {ס} ... (י) וַיַּעֲשׂ֤וּ הָאֲנָשִׁים֙ כֵּ֔ן וַיִּקְח֗וּ שְׁתֵּ֤י פָרוֹת֙ עָל֔וֹת וַיַּאַסְר֖וּם בָּעֲגָלָ֑ה וְאֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֖ם כָּל֥וּ בַבָּֽיִת׃ (יא) וַיָּשִׂ֛מוּ אֶת־אֲר֥וֹן יקוק אֶל־הָעֲגָלָ֑ה וְאֵ֣ת הָאַרְגַּ֗ז וְאֵת֙ עַכְבְּרֵ֣י הַזָּהָ֔ב וְאֵ֖ת צַלְמֵ֥י טְחֹרֵיהֶֽם׃ (יב) וַיִּשַּׁ֨רְנָה הַפָּר֜וֹת בַּדֶּ֗רֶךְ עַל־דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ בֵּ֣ית שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ בִּמְסִלָּ֣ה אַחַ֗ת הָלְכ֤וּ הָלֹךְ֙ וְגָע֔וֹ וְלֹא־סָ֖רוּ יָמִ֣ין וּשְׂמֹ֑אול וְסַרְנֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ הֹלְכִ֣ים אַחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם עַד־גְּב֖וּל בֵּ֥ית שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃ (יג) וּבֵ֣ית שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ קֹצְרִ֥ים קְצִיר־חִטִּ֖ים בָּעֵ֑מֶק וַיִּשְׂא֣וּ אֶת־עֵינֵיהֶ֗ם וַיִּרְאוּ֙ אֶת־הָ֣אָר֔וֹן וַֽיִּשְׂמְח֖וּ לִרְאֽוֹת׃ (יד) וְהָעֲגָלָ֡ה בָּ֠אָה אֶל־שְׂדֵ֨ה יְהוֹשֻׁ֤עַ בֵּֽית־הַשִּׁמְשִׁי֙ וַתַּעֲמֹ֣ד שָׁ֔ם וְשָׁ֖ם אֶ֣בֶן גְּדוֹלָ֑ה וַֽיְבַקְּעוּ֙ אֶת־עֲצֵ֣י הָעֲגָלָ֔ה וְאֶ֨ת־הַפָּר֔וֹת הֶעֱל֥וּ עֹלָ֖ה לַיקוק׃ {ס}

(1) The Ark of the LORD remained in the territory of the Philistines seven months. (2) Then the Philistines summoned the priests and the diviners and asked, “What shall we do about the Ark of the Lord? Tell us with what we shall send it off to its own place.” (3) They answered, “If you are going to send the Ark of the God of Israel away, do not send it away without anything; you must also pay an indemnity to Him. Then you will be healed, and He will make Himself known to you; otherwise His hand will not turn away from you.” (4) They asked, “What is the indemnity that we should pay to Him?” They answered, “Five golden hemorrhoids and five golden mice, corresponding to the number of lords of the Philistines; for the same plague struck all of you and your lords. (5) You shall make figures of your hemorrhoids and of the mice that are ravaging your land; thus you shall honor the God of Israel, and perhaps He will lighten the weight of His hand upon you and your gods and your land. (6) Don’t harden your hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened their hearts. As you know, when He made a mockery of them, they had to let Israel go, and they departed. (7) Therefore, get a new cart ready and two milch cows that have not borne a yoke; harness the cows to the cart, but take back indoors the calves that follow them. (8) Take the Ark of the LORD and place it on the cart; and put next to it in a chest the gold objects you are paying Him as indemnity. Send it off, and let it go its own way. (9) Then watch: If it goes up the road to Beth-shemesh, to His own territory, it was He who has inflicted this great harm on us. But if not, we shall know that it was not His hand that struck us; it just happened to us by chance.” (10) The men did so. They took two milch cows and harnessed them to the cart, and shut up their calves indoors. (11) They placed the Ark of the LORD on the cart together with the chest, the golden mice, and the figures of their hemorrhoids. (12) The cows went straight ahead along the road to Beth-shemesh. They went along a single highroad, lowing as they went, and turning off neither to the right nor to the left; and the lords of the Philistines walked behind them as far as the border of Beth-shemesh. (13) The people of Beth-shemesh were reaping their wheat harvest in the valley. They looked up and saw the Ark, and they rejoiced when they saw [it]. (14) The cart came into the field of Joshua of Beth-shemesh and it stopped there. They split up the wood of the cart and presented the cows as a burnt offering to the LORD. A large stone was there; (15) and the Levites took down the Ark of the LORD and the chest beside it containing the gold objects and placed them on the large stone. Then the men of Beth-shemesh presented burnt offerings and other sacrifices to the LORD that day. (16) The five lords of the Philistines saw this and returned the same day to Ekron. (17) The following were the golden hemorrhoids that the Philistines paid as an indemnity to the LORD: For Ashdod, one; for Gaza, one; for Ashkelon, one; for Gath, one; for Ekron, one. (18) As for the golden mice, their number accorded with all the Philistine towns that belonged to the five lords—both fortified towns and unwalled villages, as far as the great stone on which the Ark of the LORD was set down, to this day, in the field of Joshua of Beth-shemesh. (19) [The LORD] struck at the men of Beth-shemesh because they looked into the Ark of the LORD; He struck down seventy men among the people [and] fifty thousand men. The people mourned, for He had inflicted a great slaughter upon the population. (20) And the men of Beth-shemesh asked, “Who can stand in attendance on the LORD, this holy God? And to whom shall He go up from us?” (21) They sent messengers to the inhabitants of Kiriath-jearim to say, “The Philistines have sent back the Ark of the LORD. Come down and take it into your keeping.”
(א) עלות. מניקות: (ב) אשר לא עלה עליהם עול. כל זה לנסיון, שאין אלו ראויות למשוך, ועוד שגועות אחר בניהם, ואם יהא כח בארון שיוליכו אותו מאליהם, נדע שהוא עשה לנו:
(1) Nursing cows. Nursing. (2) Which have not borne a yoke. All this is for the test. Since these cows are not capable of pulling [a load], and furthermore, they will yearn for their young. If the Ark will have the power to enable them to pull it by themselves, we shall know that He brought this upon us.
כלו בבית. לשון כלא:
Confined in the house. 'כָּלוּ' is an expression of 'כֶּלֶא' [imprisonment].
וישרנה. הרי תיבה זו אנדרוגינוס, מלמד שאף הוולדות היו אומרים שירה: רוני רוני השיטה התנופפי וכו', כדאיתא במסכת עבודה זרה (כד ב). ולפי פשוטו, 'וישרנה', לשון 'ישר דרך', ישר היו הולכות:
Set on a straight course. This word is a grammatical hermaphrodite. This teaches us that even the young recited a song, "Sing aloud, sing aloud, O Ark of acacia wood! Exalt yourself…" as stated in Maseches Avodah Zorah. According to its simple meaning, 'וַיִשַּׁרְנָה' is an expression meaning 'straight,' i.e. they followed a straight path.

וישרנה הפרות. כתרגומו ואכוינא תורתא ר"ל כוונו דרך בית שמש והלכו דרך ישרה לא סרו ימין ושמאל ובא בסימן אחד של נקבה לבד כמו ויחמנה בבואן לשתות ודגש השי"ן בחסרון היו"ד פ"א הפועל ובמלת ויחמנה בא נח הציר"י תמורת היו"ד פ"א הפועל:

ויחמנה - כמו: וישרנה הפרות. ארבעה מלכויות מגוי יעמדנה. ותקרבו העצמות עצם אל עצמו חציים ל' זכר וחציים ל' נקבה, שהיה לו לומר, כמו: ותקרבנה בנות צלפחד:

ויחמנה, the word has a similar construction as Samuel I 6,12 וישרנה הפרות, “the cows went straight ahead,” where a feminine mode and a masculine mode is combined. [the letter י at the beginning of the word signaling a masculine mode, and the letters נה at the end signaling a feminine mode. Ed.] Similar unusual constructions are found in Daniel 8,22 ארבע מלכיות מגוי יעמדנה, or Ezekiel 37,7 ותקרבו העצמות עצם אל עצמו. In all of these examples the verb is in a partially masculine and partially feminine mode.

רַבִּי יִרְמְיָה בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר רַב יִצְחָק בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי אַבָּא לָמָּה לָקוּ אַנְשֵׁי בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ, עַל יְדֵי שֶׁהָיוּ מַלִּיזִין בָּאָרוֹן, אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אִלּוּ תַּרְנְגָלְתּוֹ שֶׁל אֶחָד מֵהֶם אָבְדָה הָיָה מְחַזֵּר עָלֶיהָ כַּמָּה פְּתָחִים לַהֲבִיאָהּ וַאֲרוֹנִי בִּשְׂדֵה פְלִשְׁתִּים שִׁבְעָה חֳדָשִׁים וְאֵין אַתֶּם מַשְׁגִּיחִים בּוֹ, אִם אֵין אַתֶּם מַשְׁגִּיחִין עָלָיו אֲנִי אַשְׁגִּיחַ עָלָיו (תהלים צח, א): הוֹשִׁיעָה לוֹ יְמִינוֹ וּזְרוֹעַ קָדְשׁוֹ, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (שמואל א ו, יב): וַיִּשַּׁרְנָה הַפָּרוֹת בַּדֶּרֶךְ, מְהַלְּכוֹת בְּיַשְׁרוּת, הָפְכוּ פְּנֵיהֶם כְּלַפֵּי אָרוֹן וְאָמְרוּ שִׁירָה, וְהַיְנוּ דִּכְתִיב וַיִּשַּׁרְנָה, אָמְרוּ שִׁירָה בַּפֶּה, אֵי זוֹ שִׁירָה אָמְרוּ, רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר שִׁירַת הַיָּם אָמְרוּ, נֶאֱמַר כָּאן (שמואל א ו, יב): הָלְכוּ הָלֹךְ וְגָעוֹ, וְנֶאֱמַר לְהַלָּן (שמות טו, א): כִּי גָאֹה גָּאָה. רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר (תהלים צח, א): שִׁירוּ לַיקוק שִׁיר חָדָשׁ. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אָמַר (תהלים קה, א): הוֹדוּ לַיקוק קִרְאוּ בִשְׁמוֹ. רַבָּנָן אַמְרֵי (תהלים צז, א): יקוק מָלָךְ תָּגֵל הָאָרֶץ. רַבִּי יִרְמְיָה בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר יִצְחָק אָמַר תְּלַת שִׁירוּ לַיקוק שִׁיר חָדָשׁ, (תהלים צו, א): שִׁירוּ לַיקוק כָּל הָאָרֶץ, (תהלים צט, א): יקוק מָלָךְ יִרְגְּזוּ עַמִּים. תָּנֵי אֵלִיָּהוּ רוֹמִי הַשִּׁטָּה הִתְנוֹפְפִי בְּרוֹב הֲדָרֵךְ, הַמְחֻשֶּׁקֶת בְּרִקְמֵי זָהָב, הַמְהֻלָּלָה בִּדְבִיר אַרְמוֹן, הַמְעֻלֶּפֶת מִבֵּין שְׁנֵי כְּרוּבִים. אָמַר רַבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר נַחְמָן כַּמָּה יְגִיעוֹת יָגַע בּוֹ בֶּן עַמְרָם עַד שֶׁלִּמֵּד שִׁירָה לַלְוִים, וְאַתֶּם אוֹמְרוֹת שִׁירָה מֵאֲלֵיכֶם, יִישַׁר חֵילְכֶם:

מַאי "וַיִּשַּׁרְנָה הַפָּרוֹת"? אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי מֵאִיר: שֶׁאָמְרוּ שִׁירָה (שמואל א' ו, יב). מקשים בשם הריטב"א ז"ל אמאי לא חשיב זה בהדי עשרה דברים שנבראו בין השמשות בערב שבת (משנה אבות ה, ו)? ותירץ כבר מנה 'פִּי הָאָתוֹן' והוא אב לכולן עד כאן. ונראה כונתו דאותו כח שנברא בשביל האתון דבלעם שדברה בו הוא עצמו חנה על פי הפרות ודברו בו שירה.
ואנא עבדא נראה לי בס"ד דלעולם גם לפי הפרות נברא כח בפני עצמו אך לא מנו אותו עם עשרה דברים כי מזה יצאה רעה לישראל גדולה מאד דכתיב בארון וַיַּךְ בָּעָם שִׁבְעִים אִישׁ חֲמִשִּׁים אֶלֶף (שמואל א' ו, יט) ואמרו רבותינו ז"ל (סוטה לה:) שמתו חמשים אלף איש שכל אחד מהם היה שקול כשבעים איש.
עוד אמרו רבותינו ז"ל (בראשית רבה נד, ד) אמר הקדוש ברוך הוא אלו תרנגולתו של אחד מכם אבדה היה מחזר עליה כמה פתחים וארוני בשדה פלשתים שבעה חדשים ואין אתם משגיחים בו אני משגיח עליו שנאמר וַתּוֹשַׁע לּוֹ יְמִינוֹ וּזְרוֹעַ קָדְשׁוֹ (תהלים צח, א) הדא הוא דכתיב 'וַיִשַּׁרְנָה הַפָּרוֹת בַּדֶּרֶךְ' מהלכות בישרות הפכו פניהם כלפי ארון ואמרו שירה וכו'.
לפי זה נראה כי מן שירה של הפרות יצא קטרוג גדול על ישראל עד שנתגלגל דבר זה שנהרגו מישראל חמשים אלף איש שכל אחד שקול כשבעים איש יען דאפילו הפרות שהם בהמות כבדו את הארון לומר שירה לכבודו והגידו השבחים שלו כמפורש בשירתם וישראל לא כבדו את הארון שהיה מונח שבעה חדשים בפלשתים ולא השגיחו עליו ולא עוד אלא בראותם אותו לא השתחוו לו כראוי בכבוד ולא עוד אלא שפתחו וראו מה שיש בתוכו ובודאי נתרבה הקטרוג הזה שהכה בהם מכה רבה מחמת הכבוד שכבדו הפרות את הארון בשירה שלהם.
ועוד נראה לי בס"ד זו השירה ששרו הפרות אין זה חידוש דהא איכא בפרקי שירה מכל החיות ובהמות ועופות שאומרים שירה ופירש רבינו האר"י ז"ל הכונה שיש מלאך ממונה על כל דבר ודבר וכל מין ומין והוא האומר שירה בכל יום וכן כאן המלאך הממונה על מין הפרות חנה בפיהם והוא היה אומר השירה ונראין הדברים יוצאים מפיהם ואינם אלא מן המלאך וכמו ענין המגיד של מרן הקדוש ז"ל אך דברים שדברה האתון שהם אינם דברי שירה כי אם דברים של וכוח לבלעם קבלו רבותינו ז"ל דנברא כח הדיבור מששת ימי בראשית לאותה אתון ודברה בו: