Hasidic Texts Through a Modern Lens: A Unique Judaism for Every Generations Besht | Shavuot 5781
I realized that all forms of religion are masks that the divine wears to communicate with us. Behind all religions there’s a reality, and this reality wears whatever clothes it needs to speak to a particular people.
- Rabbi Zalman Schachter-Shalomi, The December Project: An Extraordinary Rabbi and a Skeptical Seeker Confront Life’s Greatest Mystery

Every Generations Has Its Own Interpretations:

וכן בכל דור ודורשיו הם משלימין התורה, כי התורה נדרשת בכל דור ודור לפי מה שצריך לאותו דור. ולפי שורש כשמתן של אותו הדור, כך השי"ת מאיר עיני חכמי הדור ההוא בתורתו הקדושה. והכופר בזה, ג״כ כאילו כופר בתורה ח"ו. וכן ראיתי בספר הקדוש ששם המפורש היה משתמשין בו בכל דור, כ"א לפי דורו, ולפי שורש נשמתו, וכן כל התורה כולה שהוא שמותיו של הקב׳׳ה.
In every generation, the scholars (of that generation) are making up [alternative translation: are finishing, or filling up] the Torah, because the Torah is being interpreted in every generations according to the needs of that generation. And according to the source of their souls - so is God enlightening the eyes of the wise people of that generation, in Its holy Torah. And whoever denies that, it is as if they deny/do not believe in in the Torah, heaven forbid.
(Translation by Abby Stein)
‘‘The Hasidic teaching is the proclamation of rebirth. No renewal of Judaism is possible that does not bear in itself the elements of Hasidism.’’
- Martin Buber

WE Decide How to Interpret the Torah

זה הכלל גדול בעבודת הבורא יתברך שמו, שאנחנו בני ישראל מחויבים להאמין בב' תורות: בתורה שבכתב ובתורה שבעל פה, שכולם ניתנו מרועה אחד. תורה שבכתב מסר לנו על ידי משה עבדו נאמן ביתו, מכתב חרות על הלוחות, באש שחורה על גבי אש לבנה. ותורה שבעל פה מה שנמסר למשה רבינו עליו השלום על פי פירושה, "כל שתלמיד ותיק עתיד לחדש." נמצא שעיקר תורה שבעל פה ניתנה לנו כפי מה שהצדיקים שבדור יפרשו את התורה, כן יקום. וזה כח הגדול שמסר לנו הבורא ברוך הוא מחמת אהבתו ובחירתו לעמו ישראל, וכפי רצונם מהתורה כך מתנהגים כל העולמות. וזהו מה שאמרו חכמינו ז"ל: (מועד קטן טז:) הקדוש ברוך הוא גוזר גזירה והצדיק מבטלה.
A basic principle in God’s service: we ... believe in two Torahs: written and oral, both given by a single Shepherd. ...The written Torah was given us by Moses, God’s faithful servant, in writing etched on the tablets, black fire on white fire. The oral Torah given to Moses is its interpretation, including ‘‘everything a faithful student is ever to discover.’’ This means that the oral Torah given to us essentially follows the interpretation of the zaddikim of the generation. As they interpret the Torah, so it is. This great power has been given us by the Creator out of love for Israel, and all the worlds follow their will in Torah. Thus did the sages say: ‘‘The Holy One issues a decree, but the zaddik may nullify it.
אגרת הקודש מרבי אלעזר מליזענסק:
מכתבו הגיעני, והראתיו לכבוד אדוני אבי מורי נ"י ויזרח לנצח. והיה בקראו בו, תסמר שערותיו, ונזדעזעו אבריו, בראותו שיש בעולם שטותים, ודברי הבלים ופתיים כאלו.
כך אמר אא"מ: מי שהוא שואל אם לומר זמירות אלו, או לזולתם. ואם לומר שיר השירים בעת הזאת, או באחרת, ושאר שטותים כאלו, אשר במכתב אין להעלות אותן על הכתב.
Letter from Rebbe Eluzer of Leżajsk (4th generation Hasidic leader):
I got your letter, and I showed it to my father. When he read it, he was shocked, and shaken to his core, seeing that such empty and stupid ideas exist in the world.
This is what my father said: whoever asks: "Should we sing this song, or that song?" and whatever "to recite the Song of Songs, at this time or at another time?" and other stupid things like that, which are not worthy of being written down.
(Translation by Abby Stein)
Rabbi Arther Green, Abraham Joshua Heschel: Recasting Hasidism for Moderns:
A fourth area of obvious Hasidic influence is Heschel’s great belief in the Hasidic virtues of hesed and simhah as key to the spiritual life. When we heard Heschel read the famous passages in the Toldot Ya’akov Yosef or the Kedushat Levi about the proper mokhia (preacher or chastiser), who brings people back to God be-derekh ha-hesed (‘‘by means of kindness’’) rather than by harsh threats, we understood that Heschel saw his own role in this way. He never berated Jews for not being observant, but tried to show them the light and beauty that he found in the religious life. He saw his job as helping people to open their eyes in a deeper way, and he knew that this could only be done by positive example, not by anger or judgment. In this sense I think it fair to say that he did indeed take on the role of rebbe, however reluctantly, for liberal Jews. There is something very much Hasidic, in the original sense of Hasidism (before it became a weapon against modernity and sometimes revealed an angry face) present in this approach. Hasidism understands anger, even righteous anger, as a negative characteristic, emerging from too strong a pull to the bad side or the presence of too much black bile in the system. It has to be countered by the activation of haesed, divine love or compassion, for which Hasidism is named, after all. To be a hasid is to be an ish ha-Aesed, something Heschel tried to exemplify all his life. This is found in his writings on education and of course formed the basis for his commitment to reasserting the voice of religion in powerful nonviolent movements for social change. In Martin Luther King he saw gevurah shebe-Aesed, if I may say it in Hasidic language—the tremendous power that lay hidden in acts of love.
(Modern Judaism, Volume 29, Number 1, February 2009, p. 72)
(א) בענין תכלית הכוונה של בריאת העולמות...
- קיצור מתוך ספר אוצרות חיים:
דע כי תחלת הכל היה כל המציאות אור פשוט ונקרא אי"ן סו"ף ולא היה שם שום חלל ושום אויר פנוי. אלא הכל היה אור הא"ס.
וכשעלה ברצונו להאציל הנאצלים לסיבה נודעת והיא להקרא רחום וחנון ארך אפים וכיוצא, כי אם אין בעולם מי שיקבל רחמים ממנו איך יקרא רחום, וכן עד"ז בכל הכנויים.
(1) Regarding the ultimate goal of the creation of the worlds...
Know that at the beginning, the entirety of existence, was simple light, what is called ein Sof (no end). And when it arose in the will of the creator to delegate (their own) nobility, for the known reason, and that is - to be called 'the Merciful and gracious one' 'the One who is slow to anger' etc. Because if there is no one in the world to receive mercy from the divine, how will It be called merciful? and like that with all the other godly nicknames.
(Translation by Abby Stein - Gender neutral language used for the divine)
ספר רזין דאורייתא, בשם הרבי ר' מיכל מזלאטשוב
אולם הכוונה, דנודע אשר יצחק נולד בנשמת נוקבא, וכמו שכתב בעל אור החיים הק', ועל ידי העקדה היה לו נשמת דכר להשפיע. ועל פי זה מובן למה לא נמצא באדם יותר עקרה מאשר מבבהמה, אשר בפסוק נשתוו זה לזה בברכה, לא יהיה בך ובבהמתך עקר ועקרה, רק זאת נודע סדר הגלגולים. ולפעמים נקבה תסובב גבר כי בסבת הגלגול נשמת נקבה תבוא בזכר, כאשר י'תרעם ה'גלגל ו'יתרעש ה'חוזר לבוא בגלגול שני ושלישי. ואם נקבה אשר תסובב בגבר, שני נקבות אינם מולידים, רק על ידי מעשי הטוב מחליפין הנשמה, וליצחק החליפו הנשמה. לפיכך לו ולא לה, כי יצחק היה צריך לאותו דבר ולא רבקה:
Teaching from Rabbi Yechiel Michael from Zloczow (1731-1786)
It is known that when Issac was born, he was born with the soul of a female, as it is written in Or Hachaim, and through the akeidah (binding of Issac) he got a male soul that can influence (meaning, can impregnate). [With that we can understand why they more infertile humans than animals, even though that they both got the same blessing "It will not be within you and within your animals infertility".] But, this is known according to the Sod (Secret/Mysticism) of reincarnation - that at times, a female would be in a male body, because in the reasons of gilgal (reincarnation) the soul of a female would come to be in a male. ... that is why it says by Issac that Hashem (Divine) answered to him and not to her (Rebecca), because he needed divine help to be able to have kids.
(Translation by Abby Stein)
Rabbi Arthur Green, “Radical Judaism”:
“Being or Y-H-W-H underlies and unifies all that is. ... There is no ultimate duality here, no "God and world," no "God, World, and self," Only one Being and its many faces.
When I refer to ‘God,’ I mean the inner force of existence itself, that of which one might say: ‘Being is.’ I refer to it as the ‘One’ because it is the single unifying substratum of all that is. (18, 19).
“Being is One, and each person is God’s unique image” (153).
“Often, when people begin conversations and they want to say ‘Our community does Judaism like this,’ and others say, ‘Ours does it like that. Ours is different,’ and I want to say, ‘No. Tamid Echad / Always and forever one.’
This oneness goes through history and it goes through Klal Yisroel / all the God wrestlers with whom we feel we share. [It goes through our connection to other religions too,] and the commonality also extends beyond human beings: We share with the birds, we share with the mammals, [with] the chimpanzees (who [have been shown to be able to] learn how to speak to each other in American Sign Language and then pass it on to the next generation). And when I watch the geese and the little goslings down at the lake, they also connect me with the oneness of it all.”
- Reb Zalman schachter-shalomi, “Renewal is not Judaism-lite“, 1998
במקום שיר אהבה - יהודה עמיחי
כמו שמ"לא תבשל גדי בחלב אמו",
עשו את כל החקים הרבים של כשרות,
אבל הגדי שכוח והחלב שכוח והאם שכוחה,
כך מ"אני אוהב אותך"
עשינו את כל חיינו יחדו.
אבל אני לא שכחתי אותך
כפי שהיית אז.
Instead of love - Yehuda Amichai
From “thou shalt not seethe a kid in its mother’s milk”
they made the many lawas of Kashrut
but the kid is forgotten and the milk is forgotten and
the mother is forgotten.
In this way from “I love you”
we made all our life together.
But I’ve not forgotten you
as you were then.

Get my book - Becoming Eve: My Journey from Ultra-Orthodox Rabbi to Transgender Woman
Order at: tinyurl.com/BecomingEve
Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok: @abbychavastein