Pleasure as Resistance, Pleasure as Liberation

(טו) וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם לַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֖ת הָֽעִבְרִיֹּ֑ת אֲשֶׁ֨ר שֵׁ֤ם הָֽאַחַת֙ שִׁפְרָ֔ה וְשֵׁ֥ם הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית פּוּעָֽה׃ (טז) וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בְּיַלֶּדְכֶן֙ אֶת־הָֽעִבְרִיּ֔וֹת וּרְאִיתֶ֖ן עַל־הָאָבְנָ֑יִם אִם־בֵּ֥ן הוּא֙ וַהֲמִתֶּ֣ן אֹת֔וֹ וְאִם־בַּ֥ת הִ֖יא וָחָֽיָה׃ (יז) וַתִּירֶ֤אןָ הַֽמְיַלְּדֹת֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים וְלֹ֣א עָשׂ֔וּ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר דִּבֶּ֥ר אֲלֵיהֶ֖ן מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם וַתְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ אֶת־הַיְלָדִֽים׃

Exodus 1:15-17

(15) The king of Egypt spoke to the Hebrew midwives, one of whom was named Shiphrah and the other Puah, (16) saying, “When you deliver the Hebrew women, look at the birthstool: if it is a boy, kill him; if it is a girl, let her live.” (17) The midwives, fearing God, did not do as the king of Egypt had told them; they let the boys live.

סוטה י״א ב:ד׳-ו׳

דרש רב עוירא בשכר נשים צדקניות שהיו באותו הדור נגאלו ישראל ממצרים בשעה שהולכות לשאוב מים הקב"ה מזמן להם דגים קטנים בכדיהן ושואבות מחצה מים ומחצה דגים ובאות ושופתות שתי קדירות אחת של חמין ואחת של דגים ומוליכות אצל בעליהן לשדה ומרחיצות אותן וסכות אותן ומאכילות אותן ומשקות אותן ונזקקות להן בין שפתים שנאמר (תהלים סח, יד) אם תשכבון בין שפתים וגו' בשכר תשכבון בין שפתים זכו ישראל לביזת מצרים שנאמר (תהלים סח, יד) כנפי יונה נחפה בכסף ואברותיה בירקרק חרוץ וכיון שמתעברות באות לבתיהם וכיון שמגיע זמן מולדיהן הולכות ויולדות בשדה תחת התפוח שנאמר (שיר השירים ח, ה) תחת התפוח עוררתיך וגו'

Sotah 11b:4-6

§ Rav Avira taught: In the merit of the righteous women that were in that generation, the Jewish people were redeemed from Egypt. He tells of their righteous actions: At the time when these women would go to the river to draw water, the Holy One, Blessed be He, would materialize for them small fish that would enter into their pitchers, and they would therefore draw pitchers that were half filled with water and half filled with fish. And they would then come and place two pots on the fire, one pot of hot water for washing their husbands and one pot of fish with which to feed them. And they would then take what they prepared to their husbands, to the field, and would bathe their husbands and anoint them with oil and feed them the fish and give them to drink and bond with them in sexual intercourse between the sheepfolds, i.e., between the borders and fences of the fields, as it is stated: “When you lie among the sheepfolds, the wings of the dove are covered with silver, and her pinions with the shimmer of gold” (Psalms 68:14), which is interpreted to mean that as a reward for “when you lie among the sheepfolds,” the Jewish people merited to receive the plunder of Egypt, as it is stated in the continuation of the verse, as a reference to the Jewish people: “The wings of the dove are covered with silver, and her pinions with the shimmer of gold” (Psalms 68:14). And when these women would become pregnant, they would come back to their homes, and when the time for them to give birth would arrive they would go and give birth in the field under the apple tree, as it is stated: “Under the apple tree I awakened you; there your mother was in travail with you; there was she in travail and brought you forth” (Song of Songs 8:5).

מדרש תנחומא, פקודי ט׳:א׳-ג׳

(א) ‎אֵלֶּה פְקוּדֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן וְגוֹ', וּנְחֹשֶׁת הַתְּנוּפָה (שמות לח, כט) וּנְחֹשֶׁת הַכַּלּוֹת, שֶׁכֵּן בִּלְשׁוֹן יָוָן קוֹרִין לַכַּלָה נִינְפֵי. אַתָּה מוֹצֵא, בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁהָיוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל בַּעֲבוֹדַת פֶּרֶךְ בְּמִצְרַיִם, גָּזַר עֲלֵיהֶם פַּרְעֹה שֶׁלֹּא יְהִיוּ יְשֵׁנִים בְּבָתֵּיהֶן, שֶׁלֹּא יִהְיוּ מְשַׁמְּשִׁין מִטּוֹתֵיהֶן. אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בַּר חֲלַפְתָּא, מֶה הָיוּ בְּנוֹת יִשְׂרָאֵל עוֹשׂוֹת. יוֹרְדוֹת לִשְׁאֹב מַיִם מִן הַיְאוֹר, וְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא הָיָה מַזְמִין לָהֶם דָּגִים קְטַנִּים בְּתוֹךְ כַּדֵּיהֶן, וְהֵן מוֹכְרוֹת וּמְבַשְּׁלוֹת מֵהֵן וְלוֹקְחוֹת מֵהֶן יַיִן וְהוֹלְכוֹת לַשָּׂדֶה וּמַאֲכִילוֹת אֶת בַעְלֵיהֶן שָׁם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וּבְכָל עֲבֹדָה בַּשָּׂדֶה (שמות א, יד). מִשֶּׁהָיוּ אוֹכְלִין וְשׁוֹתִין, נוֹטְלוֹת הַמַּרְאוֹת וּמַבִּיטוֹת בָּהֶן עִם בַּעְלֵיהֶן, זֹאת אוֹמֶרֶת אֲנִי נָאָה מִמְּךָ, וְזֶה אוֹמֵר אֲנִי נָאֶה מִמֵּךְ, וּמִתּוֹךְ כָּךְ הָיוּ מַרְגִּילִין עַצְמָן לִידֵי תַאֲוָה וּפָרִין וְרָבִין, וְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא פּוֹקְדָן לְאַלְתָּר.

(ב) רַבּוֹתֵינוּ אוֹמְרִין, יֵשׁ מֵהֶן יוֹלְדוֹת שְׁנַיִם בְּבַת אֶחָת. וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים: שִׁשָּׁה בְּכֶרֶס אֶחָד, וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים: שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר בְּכֶרֶס אֶחָד, וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים: שִׁשִּׁים רִבּוֹא. מִי שֶׁאוֹמֵר שְׁנַיִם, דּוֹרֵשׁ פָּרוּ וַיִּשְׁרְצוּ (שמות א, ז). מִי שֶׁאוֹמֵר שִׁשָּׁה פָּרוּ וַיִּשְׁרְצוּ וַיִּרְבּוּ וַיַּעַצְמוּ בִּמְאֹד מְאֹד הֲרֵי שִׁשָּׁה. מִי שֶׁאוֹמֵר שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר, פָּרוּ שְׁנַיִם, וַיִּשְׁרְצוּ שְׁנַיִם כוּ', הֲרֵי שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר. וּמִי שֶׁאוֹמֵר שִׁשִּׁים רִבּוֹא, שֶׁכָּתוּב בַּדָּגִים יִשְׁרְצוּ הַמַּיִם (בראשית א, כ), וְכָאן כָּתוּב וַיִּשְׁרְצוּ. וְכָל הַמִּנְיָן הָאֵלּוּ, מִן הַמַּרְאוֹת,

(ג) וְכָתוּב בָּהֶן וַתִּמָּלֵא הָאָרֶץ אֹתָם (שמות א, ז). וְכַאֲשֶׁר יְעַנּוּ אֹתוֹ כֵּן יִרְבֶּה וְכֵן יִפְרֹץ (שמות א, יב). בִּזְכוּת אוֹתָן הַמַּרְאוֹת שֶׁהָיוּ מַרְאוֹת לְבַעְלֵיהֶן וּמַרְגִּילוֹת אוֹתָן לִידֵי תַאֲוָה מִתּוֹךְ הַפֶּרֶךְ, הֶעֱמִידוּ כָּל הַצְּבָאוֹת, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: יָצְאוּ כָּל צִבְאוֹת ה' מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם (שמות יב, מא). וְאוֹמֵר: הוֹצִיא ה' אֶת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם עַל צִבְאֹתָם.

Midrash Tanchuma, Pekudei 9:1-3

(1) These are the accounts of the tabernacle … and the bronze of the offering (Exod. 38:21, 29). The bronze of the offering (tenufah) refers to the bronze vessels given to a bride, for in Greek they call a bride nymphé.¹⁴A play on words: tenufah (“offering”) and nymphé, a Greek bride. You find that while the Israelites were making bricks in Egypt, Pharaoh decreed that they were not to sleep at home so that they would not have intercourse with their wives. R. Simeon the son of Halafta said: What did the Israelite women do? They would go to the Nile to draw water, and the Holy One, blessed be He, would fill their jugs with little fishes.¹⁵Small fishes arouse sexual desire (Berakhot 40a). They would (sell some), cook and prepare (the fish), and buy some wine (with the proceeds of the sale), and then bring it to their husbands in the fields, as it is said: In all manner of service in the field (Exod. 1:14). While the men were eating and drinking, the women would take out their mirrors and glance into them with their husbands. They would say: “I am more attractive than you,” and the men would reply: “I am handsomer than you.” In that way they would arose their sexual desires and become fruitful and multiply. The Holy One, blessed be He, caused them to conceive on the spot.

(2) Our sages said: They bore twins. Others say: Six were formed in a single womb. Others say: twelve were born from one womb. And still other contend six hudred thousand. Those who believed that twins were born explained it by the words: Were fruitful and increased abundantly (Exod. 1:7). Those who contended that six were born based it on the words: Were fruitful and increased abundantly, and multiplied, and waxed exceedingly mighty (ibid.), that is, six. Those who say that twelve were born argue that the words in this verse are in plural form, thus making twelve in all. Those who said six hundred thousand did so because it is written about fishes: Let the waters swarm abundantly (Gen. 1:20), and here it is written: Increased abundantly.

(3) It is also written concerning them: And the land was filled with them (Exod. 1:7). That is to say, that even while they were suffering hardship, they increased and multiplied, by means of the mirrors in which they preened themselves before their husbands. They aroused their sexual desires despite the arduous labors they performed. They reared all the hosts that were to depart, as it is said: All the hosts of the Lord went out from the land of Egypt (ibid. 12:41), and also: The Lord did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their hosts (ibid.,v. 51).

“My intentions for readers of this book are that you recognize that pleasure is a measure of freedom; notice what makes you feel good and what you are curious about; learn ways you can increase the amount of feeling-good time in your life, to have abundant pleasure; decrease any internal or projected shame or scarcity thinking around the pursuit of pleasure, quieting any voices of trauma that keep you from your full sacred sensual life; create more room for joy, wholeness, and aliveness (and less room for oppression, repression, self-denial and unnecessary suffering) in your life; identify strategies beyond denial or repression for navigating pleasure in relationship to others; and begin to understand the liberation possible when we collectively orient around pleasure and longing. Bonus: realize you are a pleasure activist!”
“There is no way to repress pleasure and expect liberation, satisfaction, or joy.”
“Pleasure activism is the work we do to reclaim our whole, happy, and satisfiable selves from the impacts, delusions, and limitations of oppression and/or supremacy.”
“Pleasure is the point. Feeling food is not frivolous, it is freedom.”
“We also learn that love is a limited resource and that the love we want and need is too much, that we are too much. We learn to shrink, to lie about the whole love we need, settling with not quite good enough in order to not be alone.”
“I have seen, over and over, the connection between tuning in to what brings aliveness into our systems and bring able to access personal, relational and communal power. Conversely, I have seen how denying our full, complex selves—denying our aliveness and our needs as living, sensual beings—increases the chance that we will be at odds with ourselves, our loved ones, our coworkers, and our neighbors on this planet.”
“We need to learn how to practice love such that care—for ourselves and others—is understood as political resistance and cultivating resilience.
“Pleasure is not one of the spoils of capitalism. It is what our bodies, our human systems, are structured for; it is the aliveness and awakening, the gratitude and humility, the joy and celebration of being miraculous.”
-Adrienne Maree Brown, Pleasure Activism: The Politics of Feeling Good

There are many kinds of power, used and unused, acknowledged or otherwise. The erotic is a resource within each of us that lies in a deeply female and spiritual plane, firmly rooted in the power of our unexpressed or unrecognized feeling. In order to perpetuate itself, every oppression must corrupt or distort those various sources of power within the culture of the oppressed that can provide energy for change. For women, this has meant a suppression of the erotic as a considered source of power and information within our lives. We have been taught to suspect this resource, vilified, abused, and devalued within Western society. On the one hand, the superficially erotic has been encouraged as a sign of female inferiority; on the other hand, women have been made to suffer and to feel both contemptible and suspect by virtue of its existence. It is a short step from there to the false belief that only by the suppression of the erotic within our lives and consciousness can women be truly strong. But that strength is illusory, for it is fashioned within the context of male models of power.
[...]
The erotic is a measure between the beginnings of our sense of self and the chaos of our strongest feelings. It is an internal sense of satisfaction to which, once we have experienced it, we know we can aspire. For having experienced the fullness of this depth of feeling and recognizing its power, in honor and self respect we can require no less of ourselves.
[...]
When we look away from the importance of the erotic in the development and sustenance of our power, or when we look away from ourselves as we satisfy our erotic needs in concert with others, we use each other as objects of satisfaction rather than share our joy in the satisfying, rather than make connection with our similarities and our differences. To refuse to be conscious of what we are feeling at any time, however comfortable that might seem, is to deny a large part of the experience, and to allow ourselves to be reduced to the pornographic, the abused, and the absurd. The erotic cannot be felt secondhand. As a Black lesbian feminist, I have a particular feeling, knowledge, and understanding for those sisters with whom I have danced hard, played, or even fought. This deep participation has often been the forerunner for joint concerted actions not possible before.
The Uses of the Erotic by Audre Lorde