(ח) וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֞וּ אֶת־ק֨וֹל יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהִ֛ים מִתְהַלֵּ֥ךְ בַּגָּ֖ן לְר֣וּחַ הַיּ֑וֹם וַיִּתְחַבֵּ֨א הָֽאָדָ֜ם וְאִשְׁתּ֗וֹ מִפְּנֵי֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהִ֔ים בְּת֖וֹךְ עֵ֥ץ הַגָּֽן׃
(ט) וַיִּקְרָ֛א יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶל־הָֽאָדָ֑ם וַיֹּ֥אמֶר ל֖וֹ אַיֶּֽכָּה׃
(8) They heard the sound of the LORD God moving about in the garden at the breezy time of day; and the man and his wife hid from the LORD God among the trees of the garden.
(9) The LORD God called out to the man and said to him, “Where are you?”
וישמעו. מַה שָּׁמְעוּ? שָׁמְעוּ אֶת קוֹל הַקָּבָּ"ה שֶׁהָיָה מִתְהַלֵּךְ בַּגַּן:
(ב) לרוח היום. לְאוֹתוֹ רוּחַ שֶׁהַשֶּׁמֶשׁ בָּאָה לְשָׁם, וְזוֹ הִיא מַעֲרָבִית; שֶׁלִּפְנוֹת עֶרֶב חַמָּה בַּמַּעֲרָב, וְהֵם סָרְחוּ בָּעֲשִׂירִית (סנהדרין ל"ח):
(א) איכה. יוֹדֵעַ הָיָה הֵיכָן הוּא אֶלָּא לִכָּנֵס עִמּוֹ בִּדְבָרִים, שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא נִבְהָל לְהָשִׁיב אִם יַעֲנִישֵׁהוּ פִּתְאוֹם (בראשית רבה)...
וישמעו AND THEY HEARD — What did they hear? They heard the sound of the Holy One, blessed be He, as He walked in the garden (see Genesis Rabbah 19:12). (2) לרוח היום IN THE WIND OF THE DAY — in that direction to which the sun travels (באה לשם) which is the west, for towards evening the sun is in the west, and they committed the sin in the tenth hour.
(1) איכה WHERE ART THOU — He knew where he was, but He asked this in order to open up a conversation with him that he should not become confused in his reply, if He were to pronounce punishment against him all of a sudden.
והוא ענין גלוי שכינה במקום ההוא או הסתלקותו מן המקום שנגלה בו
These statements refer to the revelation of the Divine Presence and its subsequent departure.
א) וישמעו את קול וגו׳. הכלל שבמקום שאין ראוי להיות גלוי שכינה לפי ערך המקבל.
אלא שהשעה גורמת שיהי׳ מ״מ גלוי שכינה. אז היא משמעת קול ...
ומזה הטעם אמרו בסוטה ט׳ גבי שמשון שהיתה שכינה מקשקשת לפניו כזוג. והיינו משום שלא הי׳ מוכן בפרישות מתאות אשה כראוי להשגת רוה״ק אלא שמ״מ השיג רוה״ק:
(ב) מתהלך בגן לרוח היום. כפירש״י לצד השמש.
והי׳ הילוך השכינה בדיוק לרוח היום ללמדהו דעת כי לא כמו שהיה האדם עד כה שהי׳ הליכות עולם של אדם למעלה מממשלת השמש אלא כמשה וישראל במדבר. אבל עתה יהא תחת השמש...
(ג) ויתחבא האדם ואשתו. ויתחבאו מיבעי ותו מיותר תיבות מפני ה׳ אלהים. ובא ללמדנו שכל א׳ התחבא בפ״ע כדי להגין על ערמותם בעצי ועלי האילנות שלא יראה הערוה בשעה שהקב״ה יעמוד עמהם.
זהו מפני ה׳ אלהים. שהבינו שיקבלו את פניו ולא משום פחד העונש נסו וברחו אלא מפני פחד ה׳ ומורא כבודו לעמוד לפניו בגלוי ערוה:
(א) ויקרא. כל ויקרא הוא לשון אהבה מכאן מבואר שלא הענישו הקב״ה כמזיד.
שהרי ידע ה׳ שהיה ע״י סיבת האשה. ומזה הטעם לא ענשו מיתה באותו יום כמו שהתרה בו אלא דנו כמו שוגג. והא שאמר לו עד שובך אל האדמה לא אמר בתורת עונש שהרי בלא עונש אדם חוזר לעפר בטבע אם לא ע״י סגלת עץ החיים או מי שהוא למעלה מן הטבע כחנוך ואליהו.
...And they heard the voice. The principle is that in a place that is not fitting for the revelation of the Divine Presence, rather that the time causes it, then a voice is heard.
And this is the reason as it says in Sotah regarding Shimshon that the Shechina made a sound like a pair.
That is that he was not prepared in separation from the desire of women fully to accept the Divine Presence, nevertheless he got the revelation.
Walking in the Garden to the wind of the day. Rashi said on the side of the sun.
The Shechina walks exactly to the wind of the day, to teach you, that it was not like man had been up to now, that man had been above the dominion of the sun, rather like Moshe and Israel in the desert. But now, they were under the sun.
They hid, man and woman. It should have said hid (plural) and further it is extra that it was before Hashem God.
It comes to teach that each one hid by themselves to guard their nudity with trees and leaves of the trees, that their nakedness would not appear at the time that Hashem was standing amidst them.
This is what it means in front of Hashem. They understood that they were receiving the Divine Face, and not because of fear of punishment did they flee, but rather because of fear of Hashem and the awe of his honor to stand their naked.
And he called. All calling is a language of love, from here we learn that Hashem didn't punish them as intentional sinners.
That behold, Hashem knew Adam sinned because of the woman. And for this reason, He didn't punish him with death on that day like he had been warned, but rather judged him as an unintentional sinner. That which it says that man will return to the dust, this is not in the way of punishment, because it is simply man's nature if it wasn't for the Tree of Life or for those who rise above nature like Chanoch and Eliyahu.
Rav Hirsch on Chumash
And they will hear the voice of Gd and Gd - about this verse the sages said: From the very beginning, God wanted to establish His presence on earth.
We are accustomed to thinking that God's closeness to His prophets is an unusual and extraordinary situation. And for this reason, so many are doubted or disbelievers in the possibility of prophecy.
However, this is not the opinion of a sage. The mission of the prophets, and the revelation of Gd to the patriarchs of Moses and Israel, are not the exception, but rather: Gd's distance from man in these six thousand years is the unnatural situation, for "the essence of His presence is in the underworld."
This is how we can be precise from the story of heaven: not in the next world, but in this world, peace can dwell with man - peace in his heart, peace with the nature that surrounds him on all sides, peace with God above him, peace and harmony with the world and everything in it.
Nature - a flowering garden, wild animals - at his feet; Even the venomous earth reptiles are in a friendly relationship with him. In all these stands man, on an upright floor and in the image of God. He raises himself to God, and God is close to him, talking to him, directing him and guiding him. But it all depends on whether a person in all his glory surrenders to God and learns from him what is good and what is evil.
The human crown will be removed from above, if he receives guidance from the animals and seeks to imitate them. To reopen the gates of heaven; To restore peace and brotherhood to the land for man and beast; And to return the Shechinah to the land - this is the purpose of the Torah and its reward, as every page in the Bible declares.
It is important to learn this from the beginning of human history, so that later, when we read about the mission of the prophets, or the great class in which all the people of God became prophets, we will not see in them unnatural situations, but see them as they really were: restoring the world to its original state, a temporary return in the power of the Torah.
Walking - While "walking" usually indicates movement toward a goal, "walking" indicates movement that reduces itself to a limited area. Thus, "walking before the Lord" means walking in the ways of the Lord; We were within the limits set for you.
That is why Sages (Genesis 19: 7) interpret "walking" as the removal of the Shechinah: that the Shechinah departed and retreated into its realm.
For the Divine Presence rules over man only on the condition that he is pure and transcends the animals.
To the spirit of the day - means one of two possibilities:
A) As the day rises from it, we were to the east.
B. Since the sun was in it at the time, we were heading west.
There are several laws and traditions associated with this, apparently. The Holy of Holies was in the West.
According to the sages, the Shechinah is in the West. The perpetual candle in the Menorah, which represents the tree of life in the garden, was the western candle facing west. If we are honest, we have said that the departure of the Shechina from man was to the West, of course we turn to the West in longing to return to us. With the first sunset of the sun, the sun of the Shechina also moved away from man, and since then we have been looking west and waiting for the return of the Shechina. The whole work of the temple was not intended but to pave the way for the return of the Shechina.
And the man and his wife will hide - the man and his wife are no longer standing upright before God, but are hiding "from" the Divine because they were afraid of Him. Since then, they have found themselves in increasing struggles. They already felt the first of them - the contrast between their body and their spirit, so they made belts for themselves.
Immediately afterwards they noticed another struggle that existed between them (in their present state they had ceased to control their senses and were no longer pure in body and spirit) and Gd. They knew they had lost human dignity, and therefore hid among the other creatures.