(טו) וַיַּעֲבֹר אַבְרָם בָּאָרֶץ וגו' (בראשית יב, ו), ..... (בראשית יב, ח): וַיֵּט אָהֳלֹה, אָהֳלָה כְּתִיב, מְלַמֵּד שֶׁנָּטַע אֹהֶל שָׂרָה תְּחִלָּה וְאַחַר כָּךְ נָטַע אָהֳלוֹ.
15) And Avram crossed over the land, etc. (Genesis 12, 6)...
...(Genesis 12,8) And he set her tent, "Her tent", this teaches us that he spread the tent of Sarah first, and then set his own tent.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 80a)
page 18, Note 130
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 80a) (1) פישון PISHON — This is the Nile, the River of Egypt. Because its waters grow plentiful and rise and water the land, it is called Pishon, the name being of the same root as the verb in (Habakkuk 1:8) ופשו פרשיו “and their horsemen increased”; another interpretation of the name Pishon is: it is so called because it grows flax (פשתן) (Genesis Rabbah 16:2) for it is said with reference to Egypt (Isaiah 19:9) “Moreover they that work in combed flax, shall be ashamed.”
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 81b)
page 19, note 140
(ו)... בְּאַבְרָהָם כְּתִיב: וַיְהִי כַּאֲשֶׁר הִקְרִיב, בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל כְּתִיב (שמות יד, י): וּפַרְעֹה הִקְרִיב. בְּאַבְרָהָם כְּתִיב וְהָרְגוּ אֹתִי וְאֹתָךְ יְחַיּוּ,
...Regarding Abraham, it is written, and so it came about when he came close (to Pharoah), this is Israel, as is written (Exodus 14,10) and Pharoah came close. And with Abraham it is written and they will kill me and allow you to live.
page 20. note 146 ...
“Again there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the Lord, and the Satan came also among them to present himself before God. And the Lord said to the Satan: From where do you come? And the Satan answered the Lord, and said: From going to and fro in the earth and from walking up and down in it” (Job 2:1–2). The Satan said before God: Master of the Universe, I have gone to and fro across the entire world and have not found anyone as faithful as your servant Abraham, to whom you said: “Arise, walk through the land in the length of it and in the breadth of it; for I will give it to you” (Genesis 13:17). And when he wanted to bury Sarah, he could not find a place to bury her, and yet he did not criticize Your ways, or accuse You of having failed to keep Your promise.
page 21, note 150
(ה).... אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן פְּדָת כֵּיוָן שֶׁיָּצְאוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל מִמִּצְרַיִם הָיוּ נוֹשְׂאִין עֵינֵיהֶן וְהָיוּ הַמִּצְרִים רוֹדְפִים אַחֲרֵיהֶם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות יד, י): וּפַרְעֹה הִקְרִיב [וגו'], נוֹסְעִים אֵינוֹ אוֹמֵר אֶלָּא נֹסֵעַ, כֵּיוָן שֶׁיָּצָא פַרְעֹה וְהַמִּצְרִיִּים לִרְדֹּף אַחֲרֵיהֶם תָּלוּ עֵינֵיהֶם לַשָּׁמַיִם וְרָאוּ שָׂרָן שֶׁל מִצְרַיִם פּוֹרֵחַ בָּאֲוִיר, כֵּיוָן שֶׁרָאוּ אוֹתוֹ נִתְיָרְאוּ הַרְבֵּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות יד, י): וַיִּירְאוּ מְאֹד, וּמַהוּ וְהִנֵּה מִצְרַיִם נֹסֵעַ אַחֲרֵיהֶם, שָׂרָן שֶׁל מִצְרַיִם הָיָה שְׁמוֹ מִצְרַיִם, שֶׁאֵין הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מַפִּיל אֻמָּה עַד שֶׁהוּא מַפִּיל שָׂרָן תְּחִלָּה.
Said R Elazar son of Pdat, When Israel came out of Egypt, they raised their eyes to see the Egyptians were riding after them, as it says (Exodus 14,10) and Pharoah came close etc., it doesn't say in the plural that the Egyptians came close, but in the singular, and he came close. When Pharoah and the Egyptians went forth to pursue them, they raised their Eyes to the heavens and they saw a minister of Egypt blossoming in the air. When they saw the minister they feared greatly, as it is said (Exodus 14,10) "and they feared greatly when they saw Egypt was pursuing them, the name of the minister of Egypt was Egypt, because the Holy One, blessed be does not bring down a nation until after He brings down their minister first.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 81b)
page 20. note 146 ...
As it is taught in a baraita that Rabbi Ya’akov says: There is not a single mitzva written in the Torah whose reward is stated alongside it, which is not dependent on the resurrection of the dead, i.e., the reward is actually bestowed in the World-to-Come, after the resurrection of the dead. How so? With regard to honoring one’s father and mother it is written: “That your days may be long, and that it may go well with you” (Deuteronomy 5:16). With regard to the dispatch of the mother bird from the nest it is written: “That it may be well with you, and that you may prolong your days” (Deuteronomy 22:7).
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 81b)
page 21, note 156
(יח) וַיְצַו פַּרְעֹה לְכָל עַמּוֹ, אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בֶּן רַבִּי חֲנִינָא, אַף עַל עַמּוֹ גָּזַר, וְלָמָּה עָשָׂה כֵן, שֶׁהָיוּ אִסְטְרוֹלוֹגִין אוֹמְרִים לוֹ גּוֹאֵל יִשְׂרָאֵל נִתְעַבְּרָה מִמֶּנּוּ אִמּוֹ, וְאֵין אָנוּ יוֹדְעִין אִם יִשְׂרָאֵל הוּא אוֹ מִצְרִי הוּא. בְּאוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה כִּנֵּס פַּרְעֹה כָּל הַמִּצְרִים וְאָמַר לָהֶם הַשְׁאִילוּ לִי אֶת בְּנֵיכֶם תִּשְׁעָה חֳדָשִׁים שֶׁאַשְׁלִיכֵם לַיְּאוֹר, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב: כָּל הַבֵּן הַיִּלּוֹד הַיְאֹרָה וגו', כָּל הַבֵּן שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל אֵין כְּתִיב כָּאן, אֶלָּא כָּל הַבֵּן, בֵּין יְהוּדִי בֵּין מִצְרִי: וְלֹא רָצוּ לְקַבֵּל מִמֶּנּוּ שֶׁאָמְרוּ בֵּן מִצְרִי לֹא יִגְאַל אוֹתָם לְעוֹלָם, אֶלָּא מִן הָעִבְרִיּוֹת. הַיְאֹרָה תַּשְׁלִיכֻהוּ, לָמָּה גָּזְרוּ לְהַשְּׁלִיכָן לַיְאוֹר, לְפִי שֶׁהָיוּ רוֹאִין הָאִסְטְרוֹלוֹגִין שֶׁמּוֹשִׁיעָן שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל יְדֵי מַיִם יִלְקֶה, וְהָיוּ סְבוּרִין שֶׁבַּמַּיִם יִטְבַּע, וְלֹא הָיָה אֶלָּא עַל יְדֵי בְּאֵר מַיִם נִגְזַר עָלָיו גְּזֵרַת מָוֶת, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר כ, יב): יַעַן לֹא הֶאֱמַנְתֶּם בִּי וגו'. וְרַבָּנָן אָמְרֵי הֶעֱמִיקוּ עֵצָה שֶׁלֹא יִפָּרַע הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מֵהֶן בַּמַּיִם, לְפִי שֶׁהָיוּ יוֹדְעִין שֶׁאֵין הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְשַׁלֵּם אֶלָּא מִדָּה כְּנֶגֶד מִדָּה, וְהָיוּ בְּטוּחִים שֶׁלֹא יָבִיא מַבּוּל לָעוֹלָם, לְכָךְ גָּזְרוּ לְהַטְבִּיעָם בַּמָּיִם. וְכָל הַבַּת תְּחַיּוּן, מַה צֹּרֶךְ לְפַרְעֹה לְקַיֵּם הַנְּקֵבוֹת, אֶלָּא כָּךְ הָיוּ אוֹמְרִים נָמִית הַזְּכָרִים וְנִקַּח הַנְּקֵבוֹת לְנָשִׁים, לְפִי שֶׁהָיוּ הַמִצְרִיִּים שְׁטוּפִים בְּזִמָּה:
18) And Pharoah commanded all his nation, R Yosi the son of R Haninah said, He even directed this for all his nation, Why did he do this? Because the Astrologers told him, the redeemer of Israel is in the pregnancy of his mother, but we do not know if she is an Israelite or an Egyptian. At this time Pharoah assembled the Egyptians and commanded them "If your male children are born in the next nine months, throw them into the Nile. This is why it is written as "All the male children into the Nile you shall cast them," It doesn't say all the Israeli male children, but all the childrem, whether they be Israelite or Egyptian. ....
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 81b)
page 21, note 156
(ב) כֵּיוָן שֶׁעָשׂוּ כָּךְ, בָּא לַעֲבֹר, נִתְקַבְּצוּ הַמּוֹכְסִין אָמְרוּ לוֹ: מָה אַתָּה טוֹעֵן בְּתוֹךְ הַתֵּבָה. אָמַר לָהֶן: שְׂעוֹרִין. אָמְרוּ לוֹ: אֵינָן אֶלָּא חִטִּין. אָמַר לָהֶם: טְלוּ מֶכֶס שֶׁל חִטִּין. אָמְרוּ לוֹ: הֵן פִּלְפְּלִין. אָמַר לָהֶן: טְלוּ מֶכֶס שֶׁל פִּלְפְּלִין. אָמְרוּ לוֹ: אֵינָן אֶלָּא זְהוּבִים. כֵּיוָן שֶׁדָּחֲקוּ עָלָיו, פָּתְחוּ אֶת הַתֵּבָה וְרָאוּ אוֹתָהּ כַּחַמָּה זוֹרַחַת. אָמְרוּ לוֹ: אֵין דֶּרֶךְ זוֹ לְהִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בָּהּ הֶדְיוֹט. וַיִּרְאוּ אֹתָהּ שָׂרֵי פַרְעֹה וַיְהַלְלוּ אֹתָהּ אֶל פַּרְעֹה. כֵּיוָן שֶׁרָאָה אַבְרָהָם כָּךְ, הִתְחִיל בּוֹכֶה וּמִתְפַּלֵּל לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְאוֹמֵר: רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, זוֹ הִיא בִטְחוֹנִי שֶׁבָּטַחְתִּי בְּךָ, וְעַכְשָׁו עֲשֵׂה לְמַעַן רַחֲמֶיךָ וַחֲסָדֶיךָ וְאַל תְּבַיְּשֵׁנִי מִסִּבְרִי. וְאַף שָׂרָה צוֹוַחַת וְאוֹמֶרֶת: רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, אֲנִי לֹא הָיִיתִי יוֹדַעַת כְּלוּם, אֶלָּא כֵּיוָן שֶׁאָמַר לִי שֶׁאָמַרְתָּ לוֹ לֶךְ לְךָ, הֶאֱמַנְתִּי לִדְבָרֶיךָ, וְעַכְשָׁו נִשְׁאַרְתִּי יְחִידָה מֵאָבִי וּמֵאִמִּי וּמִבַּעְלִי, יָבֹא רָשָׁע זֶה וְיִתְעוֹלֵל בִּי, עֲשֵׂה לְמַעַן שִׁמְךָ הַגָּדוֹל וּלְמַעַן בִּטְחוֹנִי בִּדְבָרֶיךָ. אָמַר לָהּ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: חַיַּיִךְ, אֵין דָּבָר רָע נוֹגֵעַ בִּיךְ וּבְבַעְלִיךְ, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב, לֹא יְאֻנֶּה לַצַּדִּיק כָּל אָוֶן וּרְשָׁעִים מָלְאוּ רָע (משלי יב, כא).
(2) As he was about to cross the Nile, the tax-collectors gathered about him and asked: “What are you carrying in the cabinet?” “Barley,” he replied. They retorted: “It is not barley, but wheat.” “Then charge me the duty for wheat,” said he. “But it may be pepper,” they argued. “Then take the tax for pepper,” he insisted. They said to him: “It must be gold coins.” Finally, they compelled him to open the box. When they beheld her countenance, which was as radiant as the sun, they said to him: “Truly, she is not meant for a commoner.” And the princes of Pharaoh saw her, and praised her unto Pharaoh (Gen. 12:15). When Abraham saw this, he began to weep, and to supplicate the Holy One, blessed be He: “Master of the Universe, is this to be my reward for my abiding faith in You? For the sake of Your compassion and Your loving-kindness, do not put my trust in You to shame.” Sarah likewise cried out: “Master of the Universe, I knew nothing at all, but when he told me that you commanded him: Get thee out of thy country, I trusted in Your word. Now I have been separated from my father, my mother, and my husband, and this evil man will approach me and abuse me. Act for the sake of Your great name, and because of my trust in Your word.” The Holy One, blessed be He, replied: You may be certain that no harm will befall you or your husband, as it is written: There shall no mischief befall the righteous, but the wicked are filled with evil (Prov. 12:12).
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 21, note 156
(טז) וַיְבִאֶהָ יִצְחָק הָאֹהֱלָה שָׂרָה אִמּוֹ (בראשית כד, סז), כָּל יָמִים שֶׁהָיְתָה שָׂרָה קַיֶּמֶת הָיָה עָנָן קָשׁוּר עַל פֶּתַח אָהֳלָהּ, כֵּיוָן שֶׁמֵּתָה פָּסַק אוֹתוֹ עָנָן, וְכֵיוָן שֶׁבָּאת רִבְקָה חָזַר אוֹתוֹ עָנָן. כָּל יָמִים שֶׁהָיְתָה שָׂרָה קַיֶּמֶת הָיוּ דְּלָתוֹת פְּתוּחוֹת לִרְוָחָה, וְכֵיוָן שֶׁמֵּתָה שָׂרָה פָּסְקָה אוֹתָהּ הָרְוָחָה, וְכֵיוָן שֶׁבָּאת רִבְקָה חָזְרָה אוֹתָהּ הָרְוָחָה. וְכָל יָמִים שֶׁהָיְתָה שָׂרָה קַיֶּמֶת הָיָה בְּרָכָה מְשֻׁלַּחַת בָּעִסָּה, וְכֵיוָן שֶׁמֵּתָה שָׂרָה פָּסְקָה אוֹתָהּ הַבְּרָכָה, כֵּיוָן שֶׁבָּאת רִבְקָה חָזְרָה. כָּל יָמִים שֶׁהָיְתָה שָׂרָה קַיֶּמֶת הָיָה נֵר דּוֹלֵק מִלֵּילֵי שַׁבָּת וְעַד לֵילֵי שַׁבָּת, וְכֵיוָן שֶׁמֵּתָה פָּסַק אוֹתוֹ הַנֵּר, וְכֵיוָן שֶׁבָּאת רִבְקָה חָזַר. וְכֵיוָן שֶׁרָאָה אוֹתָהּ שֶׁהִיא עוֹשָׂה כְּמַעֲשֵׂה אִמּוֹ, קוֹצָה חַלָּתָהּ בְּטָהֳרָה וְקוֹצָה עִסָּתָהּ בְּטָהֳרָה, מִיָּד וַיְּבִאֶהָ יִצְחָק הָאֹהֱלָה. אָמַר רַבִּי יוּדָן לִמְדָתְךָ תּוֹרָה שֶׁאִם יִהְיֶה לָאָדָם בָּנִים גְּדוֹלִים יִהְיֶה מַשִֹּׂיאָן מִתְּחִלָּה וְאַחַר כָּךְ הוּא נוֹשֵׂא לוֹ אִשָּׁה, מִמִּי אַתָּה לָמֵד מֵאַבְרָהָם, בַּתְּחִלָּה וַיְבִאֶהָ יִצְחָק הָאֹהֱלָה שָׂרָה אִמּוֹ, וְאַחַר כָּךְ (בראשית כה, א): וַיֹּסֶף אַבְרָהָם וַיִּקַּח אִשָּׁה.
(16) "And Isaac brought her into the tent of Sarah, his mother-" All the days that Sarah was alive, a cloud was connected (lit. tied) to the entrance of her tent. When she died, the cloud stopped [resting at her tent.] And when Rebecca came, the cloud returned. All the days that Sarah was alive, the doors were open wide. When she died, the wideness stopped. And when Rebecca came, the wideness returned. And all the days that Sarah was alive, there was a blessing in her dough, and when Sarah died, that blessing ended. When Rebecca came, [the blessing] returned. All the days that Sarah was alive, there was a candle that would burn from Sabbath Eve to [the next] Sabbath Eve, and when she died, the candle stopped [burning for so long]. And when Rebecca came, [the week-long flame of the candle] returned. And as soon as [Isaac] saw her, that she did the deeds of his mother, separating her challah in purity and separating her dough in purity, he brought her into the tent. Rabbi Yudan said, "The Torah teaches you, that if a man has grown-up sons, he should marry them off first and then he should marry. Who do you learn [this teaching] from? From Abraham: first, "And Isaac brought her into the tent of Sarah his mother," and afterwards, "And Abraham took another wife, and her name was Keturah."
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 21, note 157
(ה) ... כֵּיוָן שֶׁפְּתָחָהּ הִבְהִיקָה כָּל אֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם מִזִּיוָהּ. רַבִּי עֲזַרְיָה וְרַבִּי יוֹנָתָן בַּר חַגַּי מִשֵּׁם רַבִּי יִצְחָק אָמְרֵי אִיקוֹנִין שֶׁל חַוָּה נִמְסְרוּ לְרָאשֵׁי הַדּוֹרוֹת, לְהַלָּן כְּתִיב (מלכים א א, ד): וְהַנַּעֲרָה יָפָה עַד מְאֹד, מַגַּעַת עַד אִיקוֹנִין שֶׁל חַוָּה, בְּרַם הָכָא כִּי יָפָה הִיא מְאֹד, מְאֹד מֵאִיקוֹנִין שֶׁל חַוָּה. (בראשית יב, טו): וַיִּרְאוּ אֹתָהּ שָׂרֵי פַרְעֹה, רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר מִתְעַלָּה וְהוֹלֶכֶת, חַד אֲמַר אֲנָא יָהֵיב מְאָה דִנָּרִין וְאֵעָלֵל עִמָּהּ. וְחַד אֲמַר אֲנָא יָהֵיב מָאתָן וְאֵעָלֵל עִמָּהּ. אֵין לִי אֶלָּא בַּעֲלִיָּתָן בִּירִידָתָן מִנַּיִן, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר (ירמיה לח, יג): וַיִּמְשְׁכוּ אֶת יִרְמְיָהוּ בַּחֲבָלִים וַיַּעֲלוּ אֹתוֹ מִן הַבּוֹר, מַעֲלִין אוֹתוֹ. אֵין לִי אֶלָּא בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה, בָּעוֹלָם הַבָּא מִנַּיִן, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר (ישעיה יד, ב): וּלְקָחוּם עַמִּים וֶהֱבִיאוּם אֶל מְקוֹמָם.
5) ...when they opened the chest, all of Egypt was illluminated by Sarai's radiance, R. Azaryah and R Yonatan the son of Hagaiin the name of R Yitzhaq said, the Icon image of Hava (Eve) was transmitted to the leaders of the generations, Furthermore, it is written (Kings1, 1,4) The maiden was very pretty reaching to the Image of Eve. (Genesis 12, 15) Pharoah saw Sarai. R Yohanan said "She was elevated and walked on, Another said I will promise 100 Dinars and get busy with her, another said I will give 200 dinars and get busy with her...
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 22, note 158, note 159
(ו) ר' יהושע בן קרחא אומר, באותה הלילה שנלקחה שרה אמנו ליל יום טוב הפסח היה, והביא הב"ה על פרעה ועל ביתו נגעים גדולים להודיע שכך הוא עתיד להכות את עם ארצו שנאמר וינגע ה' את פרעה נגעים גדולים וכו' במצרים כתיב עוד נגע אחד אביא על פרעה וכי נגעים היו והלא מכת גדולי מצרים היו והמכות נמשלו בנגעים לכך נאמר וינגע ה' את פרעה וכו'.
(6) Rabbi Joshua, son of Ḳorchah, said: In that night when our mother Sarah was taken, it was Passover night, and the Holy One, blessed be He, brought upon Pharaoh and upon his house great plagues, to make known that thus in the future would He smite the people of his land, as it is said, "And the Lord plagued Pharaoh and his house with great plagues" (Gen. 12:17). Concerning the Egyptians it is written, "Yet one plague more will I bring upon Pharaoh, and upon Egypt" (Ex. 11:1). Was this a plague? Was it not (the slaying of) the first-born of the Egyptians? But the slaying is compared with the plagues, therefore it is said, "And the Lord plagued || Pharaoh" (Gen. 12:17).
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 22, note 162
3Incidentally, the Gemara cites the promise God issued to David through Nathan the Prophet: “And I will make you a great name, like the names of the great ones in the earth” (II Samuel 7:9). Rav Yosef teaches: This is the meaning of the phrase “like the names of the great ones,” that Jews will say: Shield of David, just as they say: Shield of Avraham.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 22, note 162
One might have thought that Jews should conclude the first blessing of the Amida prayer with the names of all the forefathers; therefore the verse states: “And you will be a blessing,” i.e., with you, Avraham, they will conclude the blessing, and they will not conclude with a mention of all of the forefathers. This is why the first blessing of the Amida prayer ends: Shield of Avraham.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 23, note 164
§ Apropos Ahithophel, the Gemara relates the events that led to his death. Rav Yehuda says that Rav says: A person should never bring himself to undergo an ordeal, as David, king of Israel, brought himself to undergo an ordeal and failed. David said before God: Master of the Universe, for what reason does one say in prayer: God of Abraham, God of Isaac, and God of Jacob, and one does not say: God of David? God said to David: They have undergone ordeals before Me, and you have not undergone an ordeal before Me. David said before Him: Examine me and subject me to an ordeal, as it is stated: “Examine me, Lord, and subject me to an ordeal; try my kidneys and my heart” (Psalms 26:2).
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 23, note 164
The Gemara cites an aggadic statement concerning prayer and the recitation of Shema. Rabbi Elazar said: What is the meaning of that which is written: “So I will bless You as I live, to Your name I will raise my hands” (Psalms 63:5)? So I will bless You as I live, refers to the recitation of Shema, and to Your name I will raise my hands, refers to the Amida prayer, which is characterized as lifting one’s hands to God. And if one does so, recites Shema and prays, the verse says about him: “As with fat and marrow, my soul will be satisfied” (Psalms 63:6). And not only does he receive this reward, but he inherits two worlds, this world and the World-to-Come, as it is stated: “With lips of joys [renanot], my mouth praises You” (Psalms 63:6). The plural, joys, refers to two joys, that of this world and that of the World-to-Come.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 23, note 164
(ג) עֲשָׂרָה נִסְיוֹנוֹת נִתְנַסָּה אַבְרָהָם אָבִינוּ עָלָיו הַשָּׁלוֹם וְעָמַד בְּכֻלָּם, לְהוֹדִיעַ כַּמָּה חִבָּתוֹ שֶׁל אַבְרָהָם אָבִינוּ עָלָיו הַשָּׁלוֹם:
(3) With ten trials was Abraham, our father (may he rest in peace), tried, and he withstood them all; to make known how great was the love of Abraham, our father (peace be upon him).
page 23, note 165
(א) עשרה נסיונות נתנסה אברהם אבינו, ועמד בכולן. הנס הראשון, כשנולד אברהם בקשו כל גדולי מלכות והקוסמים להרגו ונחבא בבית הרן שלש עשרה שנה השמש ולא הירח ולאחר שלש עשרה שנה יצא מבית הרן מדבר בלשון הקדש ומאס באלילים ומשקץ את הפסילים ובטח בשם יוצרו ואמר אשרי אדם בוטח בך.
(1) THE TRIALS OF ABRAHAM
OUR father Abraham was tried with ten trials, || and he stood firm in them all. The first trial was when our father Abraham was born; all the magnates of the kingdom and the magicians sought to kill him, and he was hidden under the earth for thirteen years without seeing sun or moon. After thirteen years he went forth from beneath the earth, speaking the holy language; and he despised idols and held in abomination the graven images, and he trusted in the shadow of his Creator, and said: "Blessed is the man who trusts in thee" (Ps. 84:12).
page 23, note 164
(ד) וְעַל אַבְרָהָם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: צַדִּיק כַּתָּמָר יִפְרָח כְּאֶרֶז בַּלְּבָנוֹן יִשְׂגֶּה (תהלים צב, יג). כָּךְ פָּתַח רַבִּי תַּנְחוּמָא בַר אַבָּא, לָמָּה נִמְשְׁלוּ הַצַּדִּיקִים כַּתָּמָר וְכָאֶרֶז? לוֹמַר לְךָ, אַתָּה מוֹצֵא כָּל הָאִילָנוֹת אֵין אָדָם יָכוֹל לִרְאוֹת מֵרָחוֹק. לָמָּה? לְפִי שֶׁהֵן קְצָרִים. אֲבָל הַתָּמָר וְהָאֶרֶז עַל יְדֵי שֶׁהֵן גְּבוֹהִין יוֹתֵר מִכָּל הָאִילָנוֹת וְנִרְאִין מֵרָחוֹק, הַכֹּל עוֹמְדִין תַּחְתֵּיהֶן וְנוֹשְׂאִין עֵינֵיהֶן לְקוֹמָתָן, לְפִיכָךְ נִמְשְׁלוּ הַצַּדִּיקִים לַתָּמָר וְלָאֶרֶז, שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מַגְבִּיהָן בָּעוֹלָם. וְעוֹד, לָמָּה נִמְשְׁלוּ הַצַּדִּיקִים לַתָּמָר וּלְאֶרֶז? אַתָּה מוֹצֵא שְׁאָר אִילָנוֹת כָּל זְמַן שֶׁמַּזְקִינִים, נִקְצָצִין, וְנוֹטְעִין מִנֵּצֶר שֶׁלָּהֶן וּמִיָּד הֵן גְּדֵלִין. וְהָאֶרֶז וְהַתָּמָר מִשֶּׁנִּקְצָצִין, מִי יוּכַל לַעֲלוֹת בִּמְקוֹמָן אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן בִּיגִיעָה גְדוֹלָה לְשָׁנִים הַרְבֵּה. כָּךְ אִם אָבַד צַדִּיק מִן הָעוֹלָם, מִי יוּכַל לַעֲמֹד בִּמְקוֹמוֹ מִיָּד אֶלָּא לְשָׁנִים הַרְבֵּה, לְפִיכָךְ צַדִּיק כַּתָּמָר יִפְרָח.
(4) Scripture states concerning Abraham: The righteous shall flourish like a palm tree; he shall grow like a cedar in Lebanon (Ps. 92:13). R. Tanhuma the son of Abba began the discussion of this verse with the query: Why are the righteous compared to a palm tree and a cedar tree? You find that some trees are not visible from a distance because they are short, but the palm and the cedar tree can be seen from afar because they are taller than other trees. Indeed, they are so tall that a man standing beneath them must raise his eyes to see their uppermost branches. Therefore, the righteous are compared to a palm tree and a cedar because the Holy One, blessed be He, causes them to be exalted in the world. The righteous are compared to a palm tree and a cedar for another reason. You find that when other trees grow old, they are hewn, and their sprouts, once planted, grow large quickly, but when the palm tree and the cedar are hewn down, another can be grown to replace it only after many years. Similarly, when the righteous man perishes, who can replace him immediately? Many years must first pass by. Therefore, the righteous shall flourish like a palm tree, etc.
page 24, note 171
(א) וַיְדַבֵּר ה' אֶל מֹשֶׁה בְּמִדְבַּר סִינַי פְּקֹד אֶת בְּנֵי לֵוִי. זֶה שֶׁאָמַר הַכָּתוּב: צַדִּיק כַּתָּמָר יִפְרַח (תהלים צב, יג). מָה הַתְּמָרָה הַזּוֹ צִלָּהּ רָחוֹק, כָּךְ מַתַּן שְׂכָרָן שֶׁל צַדִּיקִים רָחוֹק. מָה הַתְּמָרָה הַזּוֹ עוֹשֶׂה תְּמָרִים וְעוֹשָׂה נוֹבְלוֹת, כָּךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל יֵשׁ בָּהֵן בְּנֵי תּוֹרָה וְיֵשׁ בָּהֵן עַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ. מַה תְּמָרָה הַזּוֹ יֵשׁ בָּהֵן נוֹבְלוֹת שֶׁאֵין נִכְנָסִין לָאוֹצָר, וְעוֹשָׂה תְּמָרִים וְהֵן נִכְנָסִין לָאוֹצָר, כָּךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל כְּשֶׁהֵן בַּמִּדְבָּר, מֵהֶן נִכְנְסוּ לְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל וּמֵהֶן לֹא נִכְנְסוּ לְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל. צַדִּיק כַּתָּמָר יִפְרַח. מָה הַתְּמָרָה הַזּוֹ אִם נִקְצְצָה אוֹ נֶעֶקְרָה אֵין עוֹלָה תַּחְתֶּיהָ אַחֶרֶת, וְכָךְ הָאֶרֶז, כְּשֶׁהוּא נִקְצָץ אוֹ נֶעֱקָר, אֵינוֹ מַחֲלִיף לְפִיכָךְ נִמְשָׁלִים הַצַּדִּיקִים לַתְּמָרָה וְלָאֶרֶז. צַדִּיק כַּתָּמָר יִפְרַח. מַה הַתְּמָרָה הַזּוֹ עוֹשָׂה תְּמָרִים וְעוֹשָׂה קוֹצִים, וְכָל מִי שֶׁמְּבַקֵּשׁ לִגְנֹב הַתְּמָרִים, הַקּוֹצִים שֶׁבָּהּ שׁוֹלְטִים בּוֹ, כָּךְ הַצַּדִּיקִים וְהַחֲכָמִים בְּנֵי תּוֹרָה, כָּל מִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְשַׁמֵּר עַצְמוֹ מֵהֶם, נוֹפֵל בַּגֵּיהִנָּם וְלוֹקֶה בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה. לָמָּה, שֶׁנְּשִׁיכָתָן נְשִׁיכַת שׁוּעָל, וַעֲקִיצָתָן עֲקִיצַת עַקְרָב, וּלְחִישָׁתָן לְחִישַׁת שָׂרָף, וְאַף כָּל דִּבְרֵיהֶם כְּגַחֲלֵי אֵשׁ. צַדִּיק כַּתָּמָר יִפְרַח. מְדַבֵּר בְּשִׁבְטוֹ שֶׁל לֵוִי, שֶׁהִפְרִישׁוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּמַעֲשֵׂיהֶם הַטּוֹבִים. וְלָמָּה נִמְשְׁלוּ לְתָמָר. לוֹמַר לְךָ, מַה תָּמָר אֵין לוֹ אֶלָּא לֵב אֶחָד, כָּךְ שֵׁבֶט לֵוִי אֵין לוֹ אֶלָּא לֵב אֶחָד לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה, מִי לַה' אֵלַי וַיֵּאָסְפוּ אֵלָיו כָּל בְּנֵי לֵוִי (שמות לב, כו). מַה כְּתִיב אַחֲרָיו, שְׁתוּלִים בְּבֵית ה' בְּחַצְרוֹת אֱלֹהֵינוּ יַפְרִיחוּ (תהלים צב, יד). לְלַמֶּדְךָ, שֶׁלֹּא הָיוּ זָזִין מִבֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: עֵינַי בְּנֶאֶמְנֵי אֶרֶץ לָשֶׁבֶת עִמָּדִי הוֹלֵךְ בַּדֶּרֶךְ תָּמִים הוּא יְשָׁרְתֵנִי (שם קא, ו). לְכָךְ נֶאֱמַר: שְׁתוּלִים בְּבֵית ה', שֶׁלֹּא הָיְתָה עֶזְרָה חֲסֵרָה מֵהֶם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: בְּחַצְרוֹת אֱלֹהֵינוּ יַפְרִיחוּ. מַהוּ בְּחַצְרוֹת אֱלֹהֵינוּ. זֶה שֶׁאָמַר הַכָּתוּב: אַשְׁרֵי תִּבְחַר וּתְקָרֵב יִשְׁכֹּן חֲצֵרֶיךָ, נִשְׂבְּעָה בְּטוּב בֵּיתְךָ קְדוֹשׁ הֵיכָלֶךָ (תהלים סה, ה). אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, הוֹאִיל וְהֵן לִגְיוֹנוֹתַי שֶׁאֵינָן זָזִין מִבֵּיתִי, לֵךָ וּסְפוֹר אוֹתָם. לְכָךְ נֶאֱמַר: פְּקֹד אֶת בְּנֵי לֵוִי.
(1) (Numb. 3:14-15) “And the Lord spoke to Israel in the Sinai Desert, saying enroll the Children of Levi….” This text is related (to Ps. 92:13), “The righteous one shall flourish like the palm.” Just as the palm [casts] its shadow at a distance73Because the long trunk of the palm has no branches.; so the reward of the righteous is at a distance [from them].74Numb. R. 3:1; Gen. R. 40:1; M. Pss. 92:11; cf. above, Gen. 3:9. Just as the palm produces [ripe] dates and produces unripenable dates; so it is with Israel. It has Torah scholars within it, and it has ignoramuses ('amme ha'arets) within it. Just as the palm has within it unripenable dates, which never enter the storehouse, yet produces ripe dates, and these do enter the store house; so it was with Israel in the wilderness. Some of them did enter the land of Israel; yet some of them did not enter. (Ps. 92:13), “The righteous one shall flourish like the palm, [he shall thrive like a cedar in Lebanon].” Just as with the palm, if it is cut down or uprooted, another does not grow up in its stead; so also with the cedar, when it is uprooted or cut down, it does not grow again.75Cf. M. Pss. 92:11, according to which the cedar is unlike the palm in that its trunk can grow new shoots. The righteous are therefore to be compared with the palm and with the cedar.76Numb. R. 3:1, explains more fully that, like the palm and the cedar, the righteous cannot be replaced when they die. (Ps. 92:13) “The righteous one shall flourish like the palm.” Just as the palm produces dates and produces thorns, [so that] whenever anyone seeks to steal the dates, the thorns prevail against him; so it is with the righteous and the sages, the masters of Torah. Whoever does not preserve his soul from them falls to geiheinnom and is stricken in this world. Why? (Avot 2:10:) “Because their bite is the bite of a fox, their sting is the sting of a scorpion, their hiss is the hiss of a serpent, and all their words also are like coals of fire.” (Ps. 92:13) “The righteous one shall flourish like the palm.” [The passage] speaks about the tribe of Levi, in that the Holy One, blessed be He, set them apart because of their good works. And why are they compared to a palm? To tell you that just as the palm has only one heart, so too the tribe of Levi only has one heart for the Holy One, blessed be He, as stated (Exodus 32:26), “And [Moses] said, ‘Whoever is for the Lord, to me!’ And all of the sons of Levi gathered to him.” What is written next (in vs. 14)? “Planted in the house of the Lord; they shall prosper in the courts of our God. [These words are] to teach you that they never moved from the Temple, as stated (in Ps. 101:6), “My eyes are on the faithful in the land that they may dwell with Me. The one who walks in the way of the blameless shall minister to Me.” It is therefore stated (in Ps. 92:14), “planted in the house of the Lord,” where no help was lacking for them, as stated (ibid., cont.), “they shall prosper in the courts of our God.” What is the meaning of “in the courts?” This text is related (to Ps. 65:5), “Fortunate is the one You choose and bring near to dwell in Your courts. May we be sated with the goodness of Your house, Your holy Temple.” The Holy One, blessed be He, said, “In as much as they are My legions who do not move from My house,77Lat.: legiones; Gk.: legeones. go and number them.” It is therefore stated (in Numb. 3:15), “Enroll the Children of Levi….”page 24, note 171
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 24, note 171
We learned in the mishna: They would graft palm trees the entire day of the fourteenth of Nisan. The Gemara asks: How did they perform this grafting? Rabbi Yehuda said: They brought fresh myrtle, strong beer made from the fruit of the laurel tree, and barley flour that was cast into a vessel, and forty days has not passed since it was ground. They boiled them together and poured the mixture into the core of the palm tree. And for any tree standing within four cubits of that tree, if they did not perform this treatment with it, it would immediately wither because the tree that received the treatment would grow faster at the expense of the surrounding trees. Rav Aḥa, son of Rava, said: They placed a branch of a male palm tree on the female, and by doing so the female tree would yield fruit.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 24, note 172
And the Rabbis say: The earth stands on twelve pillars, as it is stated: “He set the borders of the nations according to the number of the children of Israel” (Deuteronomy 32:8). Just as the children of Israel, i.e., the sons of Jacob, are twelve in number, so does the world rest on twelve pillars. And some say: There are seven pillars, as it is stated: “She has hewn out her seven pillars” (Proverbs 9:1). Rabbi Elazar ben Shammua says: The earth rests on one pillar and a righteous person is its name, as it is stated: “But a righteous person is the foundation of the world” (Proverbs 10:25).
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 24, note 174
(ג) מה היה לבושו של אדם הראשון עור צפורן וענן כבוד המכסה עליו וכיון שאכל מפירות האילן נפשט עורו וצפורן מעליו ונסתלקה ענן כבוד מעליו וראה עצמו ערום שנ' ויאמר מי הגיד לך כי ערום אתה.
(3) What was the dress of the first man? A skin of nail, and a cloud of glory covered him. When he ate of the fruits of the tree, the nail-skin was stripped off him, and the cloud of glory departed from him, and he saw himself naked, as it is said, "And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee?" (Gen. 3:11).
(קיז) אמר רבי יוחנן מאי דכתיב (שמות ט"ו ג) ה' איש מלחמה ה' שמו, אלא איש הוי סימן כדמתרגמינן ה' איש מלחמה ה' מארי נצחן קרבייא, ומאי ניהו מארי, אל"ף ראשונה היכלא קדישא, היכלא קדישא סלקא דעתך, אלא אימא היכל הקדש:
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 24, note 172
...
Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said that Rabbi Yoḥanan said: Even for one righteous person the world exists, as it is stated: “But the righteous is the foundation of the world” (Proverbs 10:25). Rabbi Ḥiyya himself said: The proof is from here, as it is stated: “He will keep the feet of His pious ones” (I Samuel 2:9), meaning that God maintains the world due to the pious people. The Gemara questions this proof; “pious ones” indicates many rather than a single righteous person. Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak said: Although the text is vocalized in the plural, it is written in the singular: “His pious one”; God maintains the world even for a single pious individual.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 24, note 174
(כב) ומודים הכל שלא נבראו ביום ראשון שלא יאמרו מיכאל היה מותח בדרומו של רקיע וגבריאל בצפונו והקב"ה סודר באמצעיתו, אלא אני ה' עושה כל נוטה שמים לבדי רוקע הארץ מאתי (ישעי' מ"ד כד) מי אתי כתיב אני הוא שנטעתי אילן זה להשתעשע בו כל העולם ורקעתי בו כל וקראתי שמו כל שהכל תלוי בו והכל יוצא ממנו, והכל צריכים לו, ובו צופים ולו מחכין, ומשם פורחים הנשמות בשמחה, לבדי הייתי כשעשיתי אותו, ולא יגדל עליו מלאך לאמר אני קדמתי לך, כי גם בעת שרקעתי ארצי שבה נטעתי ושרשתי אילן זה ושמחתי ביחד ושמחתי בהם, מי אתי שגליתי לו סודי זה:
(22) ... I am the one that planted this tree/ilan, [for] all the world to delight in, and I hammered out all/kol with him (the tree), and I called his name “the Whole/All /hakol”, for all depends on him, and all comes out from him. And all are needing him, and through/to him they gaze and for him they wait. And from there bloom/grow the souls in joy. Alone was I when I made him . . . for in the time when I hammered out my earth, I planted and rooted this tree in her, and I rejoiced together [with him] and I rejoiced in them.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
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(ג) מה היה לבושו של אדם הראשון עור צפורן וענן כבוד המכסה עליו וכיון שאכל מפירות האילן נפשט עורו וצפורן מעליו ונסתלקה ענן כבוד מעליו וראה עצמו ערום שנ' ויאמר מי הגיד לך כי ערום אתה.
(3) What was the dress of the first man? A skin of nail, and a cloud of glory covered him. When he ate of the fruits of the tree, the nail-skin was stripped off him, and the cloud of glory departed from him, and he saw himself naked, as it is said, "And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee?" (Gen. 3:11).
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82b)
page 26, note 182
The Gemara offers several answers to this question:
David had a sign indicating when it was midnight. As Rav Aḥa bar Bizna said that Rabbi Shimon Ḥasida said: A lyre hung over David’s bed, and once midnight arrived, the northern midnight wind would come and cause the lyre to play on its own. David would immediately rise from his bed and study Torah until the first rays of dawn.
Once dawn arrived, the Sages of Israel entered to advise him with regard to the various concerns of the nation and the economy. They said to him: Our master, the king, your nation requires sustenance.
He said: Go and sustain one another, provide each other with whatever is lacking.
The Sages of Israel responded to him with a parable: A single handful of food does not satisfy a lion, and a pit will not be filled merely from the rain that falls directly into its mouth, but other water must be piped in (ge’onim). So too, the nation cannot sustain itself using its own resources.
King David told them: Go and take up arms with the troops in battle in order to expand our borders and provide our people with the opportunity to earn a livelihood.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82b)
page 26, note 184
With regard to the aforementioned verse, Reish Lakish said: Whoever occupies himself with Torah at night, the Holy One, Blessed be He, extends a thread of kindness over him by day, as it is stated: “By day, the Lord will command His kindness,” and what is the reason that “by day, the Lord will command His kindness”? Because “and in the night His song,” i.e., the song of Torah, “is with me.” And some say that Reish Lakish said: Whoever occupies himself with Torah in this world, which is comparable to night, the Holy One, Blessed be He, extends a thread of kindness over him in the World-to-Come, which is comparable to day, as it is stated: “By day, the Lord will command His kindness, and in the night His song is with me.”
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82b)
page 26, note 185
The numbers five, six, and ten are mnemonics for the categories to follow. The Gemara says: There are five matters in our world which are one-sixtieth of their most extreme manifestations. They are: Fire, honey, Shabbat, sleep, and a dream. The Gemara elaborates: Our fire is one-sixtieth of the fire of Gehenna; honey is one-sixtieth of manna; Shabbat is one-sixtieth of the World-to-Come; sleep is one-sixtieth of death; and a dream is one-sixtieth of prophecy.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82b)
page 26, note 188
§ The Gemara relates that Rabbi Ḥiyya once saw the waning moon standing in the sky on the morning of the twenty-ninth of the month. He took a clump of earth and threw it at the moon, saying: This evening we need to sanctify you, i.e., the new moon must be visible tonight so that we may declare the thirtieth of the month as the New Moon, and you are still standing here? Go and cover yourself for now, so that the new moon will be seen only after nightfall. The Gemara further relates that Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi once said to Rabbi Ḥiyya: Go to a place called Ein Tav and sanctify the New Moon there, and send me a sign that you have sanctified it. The sign is: David, king of Israel, lives and endures.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Vol. 2 (2004), Parashat Lech Lekha, (Zohar 1: 82a)
page 27, note 188