(ו) רַבִּי חֲלַפְתָּא בֶן דּוֹסָא אִישׁ כְּפַר חֲנַנְיָה אוֹמֵר, עֲשָׂרָה שֶׁיּוֹשְׁבִין וְעוֹסְקִין בַּתּוֹרָה, שְׁכִינָה שְׁרוּיָה בֵינֵיהֶם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים פב) אֱלֹהִים נִצָּב בַּעֲדַת אֵל. וּמִנַּיִן אֲפִלּוּ חֲמִשָּׁה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (עמוס ט) וַאֲגֻדָּתוֹ עַל אֶרֶץ יְסָדָהּ. וּמִנַּיִן אֲפִלּוּ שְׁלשָׁה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים פב) בְּקֶרֶב אֱלֹהִים יִשְׁפֹּט. וּמִנַּיִן אֲפִלּוּ שְׁנַיִם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (מלאכי ג) אָז נִדְבְּרוּ יִרְאֵי ה' אִישׁ אֶל רֵעֵהוּ וַיַּקְשֵׁב ה' וַיִּשְׁמָע וְגוֹ'. וּמִנַּיִן אֲפִלּוּ אֶחָד, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות כ) בְּכָל הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר אַזְכִּיר אֶת שְׁמִי אָבֹא אֵלֶיךָ וּבֵרַכְתִּיךָ:
(6) Rabbi Halafta of Kefar Hanania said: when ten sit together and occupy themselves with Torah, the Shechinah abides among them, as it is said: “God stands in the congregation of God” (Psalm 82:1). How do we know that the same is true even of five? As it is said: “This band of His He has established on earth” (Amos 9:6). How do we know that the same is true even of three? As it is said: “In the midst of the judges He judges” (Psalm 82:1) How do we know that the same is true even of two? As it is said: “Then they that fear the Lord spoke one with another, and the Lord hearkened, and heard” (Malachi 3:16). How do we know that the same is true even of one? As it is said: “In every place where I cause my name to be mentioned I will come unto you and bless you” (Exodus 20:21).
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
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ואין נכנסין בהן בחמה מפני החמה ובגשמים מפני הגשמים: כי הא דרבינא ורב אדא בר מתנה הוו קיימי ושאלי שאילתא מרבא אתא זילחא דמיטרא עיילי לבי כנישתא אמרי האי דעיילינן לבי כנישתא לאו משום מיטרא אלא משום דשמעתא בעא צילותא כיומא דאסתנא
The baraita continued: And nor may one enter them in the sun for protection from the sun, or in the rain to find shelter from the rain. The Gemara explains: This is similar to that case of Ravina and Rav Adda bar Mattana. They were standing and asking a question of Rava, when a shower [zilḥa] of rain began to fall upon them. They all entered the synagogue, saying: Our having entered the synagogue is not due to the rain, that we stay dry; rather, it is due to the fact that the halakha we were discussing requires clarity like the day the north wind [istena] blows and the sky is perfectly clear. Therefore, we are entering the synagogue for the sake of studying Torah, which is certainly permitted.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
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Rabbi Ḥanina said: Whoever is appeased by his wine, i.e., whoever becomes more relaxed after drinking, has in him an element of the mind-set of his Creator, who acted in a similar fashion, as it is stated: “And the Lord smelled the sweet savor, and the Lord said in His heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man’s sake” (Genesis 8:21). As it were, God acted more favorably toward His creatures after He was appeased with the smell of the burnt offerings. Smell can be as potent as drinking or eating itself.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
page 425, note 634
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One, Incidental to the Gemara’s mention of King David, other sources are cited that describe his actions. Regarding that which was cited above, that he would rise in the middle of the night in order to serve his Creator, the Gemara asks: Did David rise at midnight? He rose in the evening. As it is written: “I rose with the neshef and cried, I hoped for Your word” (Psalms 119:147). And how do we know that this neshef is the evening? As it is written: “In the neshef, in the evening of the day, in the blackness of night and the darkness” (Proverbs 7:9). Apparently, King David did indeed rise when it was still evening.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
page 425, note 635
The Gemara offers several answers to this question:
David had a sign indicating when it was midnight. As Rav Aḥa bar Bizna said that Rabbi Shimon Ḥasida said: A lyre hung over David’s bed, and once midnight arrived, the northern midnight wind would come and cause the lyre to play on its own. David would immediately rise from his bed and study Torah until the first rays of dawn.
Once dawn arrived, the Sages of Israel entered to advise him with regard to the various concerns of the nation and the economy. They said to him: Our master, the king, your nation requires sustenance.
He said: Go and sustain one another, provide each other with whatever is lacking.
The Sages of Israel responded to him with a parable: A single handful of food does not satisfy a lion, and a pit will not be filled merely from the rain that falls directly into its mouth, but other water must be piped in (ge’onim). So too, the nation cannot sustain itself using its own resources.
King David told them: Go and take up arms with the troops in battle in order to expand our borders and provide our people with the opportunity to earn a livelihood.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
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Rabbi Ḥanina bar Pappa says: With regard to anyone who derives benefit from this world without reciting a blessing, it is as though he stole from the Holy One, Blessed be He, and the congregation of Israel, as it is stated: “Whoever robs his father and his mother and says: It is no transgression, he is the companion of a corrupter” (Proverbs 28:24). And the term “his father” is referring to none other than the Holy One, Blessed be He, as it is stated: “Is He not your Father Who created you, Who made you and established you?” (Deuteronomy 32:6). And the term “his mother” is referring to none other than the congregation of Israel, as it is stated: “Hear, my son, the discipline of your father, and do not forsake the Torah of your mother” (Proverbs 1:8). The mention of the Torah as emanating from the mother indicates that the mother represents the congregation of Israel, and the Torah of the mother is the tradition of the Jewish people.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
page 425, note 635
It was taught that the angels were ascending and gazing at the image of [bidyokeno] Jacob above, engraved on the Throne of Glory, and descending and gazing at his image below. The angels subsequently became jealous of Jacob, and wanted to endanger his life. Immediately Jacob received divine protection, as the verse states: “And behold, the Lord stood over him” (Genesis 28:13). Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish says: Were it not written in a verse it would be impossible to utter it, in deference to God, since it describes God as standing over Jacob to protect him from the angels like a man who waves a fan over his son to cool him down.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
page 426 Note 638
Dalet, yod, alef, shin, alef, dalet, yod, shin, khaf, shin, dalet, khaf, mem, alef, vav, dalet, khaf is a mnemonic device for the following passage. Returning to the issue of hallel, the Gemara states that these psalms include choruses in which each section is sung by a different person. Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥmani said that Rabbi Yonatan said that David recited: “I will give thanks to You, for You have answered me” (Psalms 118:21), with regard to the success of his reign. Yishai recited: “The stone which the builders rejected has become the chief keystone” (Psalms 118:22). The brothers of David recited: “This is the Lord’s doing; it is marvelous in our eyes” (Psalms 118:23). Samuel the Prophet recited: “This is the day which the Lord has made; we will rejoice and be glad in it” (Psalms 118:24).
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
page 426 note 641
The dispute between the Rabbis and Rabbi Yehuda with regard to the times beyond which the different prayers may not be recited is rooted in a profound disagreement, also manifest in a later amoraic dispute. It was stated: Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, said: The practice of praying three times daily is ancient, albeit not in its present form; prayers were instituted by the Patriarchs. However, Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said that the prayers were instituted based on the daily offerings sacrificed in the Holy Temple, and the prayers parallel the offerings, in terms of both time and characteristics.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
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(ט) וַיִּפְגַע בַּמָּקוֹם (בראשית כח, יא), רַב הוּנָא בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי אַמֵּי אָמַר מִפְּנֵי מָה מְכַנִּין שְׁמוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְקוֹרְאִין אוֹתוֹ מָקוֹם, שֶׁהוּא מְקוֹמוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם וְאֵין עוֹלָמוֹ מְקוֹמוֹ, מִן מַה דִּכְתִיב (שמות לג, כא): הִנֵּה מָקוֹם אִתִּי, הֱוֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְקוֹמוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם וְאֵין עוֹלָמוֹ מְקוֹמוֹ. אָמַר רַבִּי יִצְחָק כְּתִיב (דברים לג, כז): מְעֹנָה אֱלֹהֵי קֶדֶם, אֵין אָנוּ יוֹדְעִים אִם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְעוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָמוֹ וְאִם עוֹלָמוֹ מְעוֹנוֹ, מִן מַה דִּכְתִיב (תהלים צ, א): ה' מָעוֹן אַתָּה, הֱוֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְעוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָמוֹ וְאֵין עוֹלָמוֹ מְעוֹנוֹ. אָמַר רַבִּי אַבָּא בַּר יוּדָן לְגִבּוֹר שֶׁהוּא רוֹכֵב עַל הַסּוּס וְכֵלָיו מְשֻׁפָּעִים אֵילָךְ וְאֵילָךְ, הַסּוּס טְפֵלָה לָרוֹכֵב וְאֵין הָרוֹכֵב טְפֵלָה לַסּוּס, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (חבקוק ג, ח): כִּי תִרְכַּב עַל סוּסֶיךָ. דָּבָר אַחֵר, מַהוּ וַיִּפְגַּע, צַלִּי, בַּמָּקוֹם, צַלִּי בְּבֵית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי אָבוֹת הָרִאשׁוֹנִים הִתְקִינוּ שָׁלשׁ תְּפִלּוֹת, אַבְרָהָם, תִּקֵּן תְּפִלַּת שַׁחֲרִית, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (בראשית יט, כז): וַיַּשְׁכֵּם אַבְרָהָם בַּבֹּקֶר אֶל הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר עָמַד שָׁם וגו', וְאֵין עֲמִידָה אֶלָּא תְּפִלָּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים קו, ל): וַיַּעֲמֹד פִּינְחָס וַיְפַלֵּל. יִצְחָק תִּקֵּן תְּפִלַּת מִנְחָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (בראשית כד, סג): וַיֵּצֵא יִצְחָק לָשׂוּחַ בַּשָּׂדֶה, וְאֵין שִׂיחָה אֶלָּא תְּפִלָּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים קמב, ג): אֶשְׁפֹּךְ לְפָנָיו שִׂיחִי. יַעֲקֹב תִּקֵּן תְּפִלַּת עַרְבִית, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיִּפְגַּע בַּמָּקוֹם, וְאֵין פְּגִיעָה אֶלָּא תְּפִלָּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ירמיה ז, טז): וְאַל תִּשָֹּׂא בַּעֲדָם וגו' וְאַל תִּפְגַּע בִּי. וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר (ירמיה כז, יח): וְאִם נְבִאִים הֵם וְאִם יֵשׁ דְּבַר ה' אִתָּם יִפְגְּעוּ נָא בַּה' צְבָאוֹת, אָמַר רַבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר נַחְמָן כְּנֶגֶד שָׁלשׁ פְּעָמִים שֶׁהַיּוֹם מִשְׁתַּנֶּה, בְּעַרְבִית צָרִיךְ אָדָם לוֹמַר יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּפָנֶיךָ ה' אֱלֹהַי שֶׁתּוֹצִיאֵנִי מֵאֲפֵלָה לְאוֹרָה. בְּשַׁחֲרִית צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר מוֹדֶה אֲנִי לְפָנֶיךָ ה' אֱלֹהַי שֶׁהוֹצֵאתַנִי מֵאֲפֵלָה לְאוֹרָה. בְּמִנְחָה צָרִיךְ אָדָם לוֹמַר יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּפָנֶיךָ ה' אֱלֹהַי שֶׁכְּשֵׁם שֶׁזִּכִּיתַנִי לִרְאוֹת חַמָּה בִּזְרִיחָתָהּ כָּךְ תְּזַכֵּנִי לִרְאוֹתָהּ בִּשְׁקִיעָתָהּ. לְעָלְמִין וגו'.
9) He touched on the place (Genesis 28,11) R Honah in the name of rabbi Ami said, For what reason do we intend to associate the name of the Blessed Holy One and invoke Him with the name Maqom, the place, that He is the place of the world, and his world is not his place. This is derived from the text, (Exodus 33,21) Lo, the Place is with me. From this do we derive that the Holy One is the place for the World, and the World is not (larger than) his place. (That is to say the Divine is greater than the place). Rabi Yitzhaq said, It is written (Deuteronomy 33, 27) , The Palace of the Divinity preceded. We cannot determine if the Holy One blessed be preceded his world (place) , or his world preceded his. ....
Rabbi Yehoshua son of Levi said, The primordial patriarchs established the 3 daily prayers. Abraham established the prayer of Sjhahareet, (the morning prayer) as is written (Genesis 19,26) And Abraham arose in the morning to the Place where he stood there (Amad), Amidah means prayer as it says (Psalms 106, 30) "And Pinchas stood and prayed." Isaac established the mid day prayer Minchah, as it says (Genesis 24,63) And Isaac went out to discourse in the field. Discourse is a euphemism for prayer as it is in (Psalm 142, 3) I will spill before you my discourse. Jacob established the evening prayer Arvit as it says "And he encountered with the Place (HaMakom) Encountering is synonymous with prayer. as it says (Jeremiah 7,16) Do not carry for their sake,etc. and do not touch or encounter me. Thus was it said (Jeremiah 26,18) . If they are prophets and they have the word of God with them, they will encounter or touch the Lord of Hosts (YH VH Tzvaoth)...
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
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Speaking of prayer, the Gemara relates that Rava saw Rav Hamnuna, who was prolonging his prayer. He said about him: They abandon eternal life, the study of Torah, and engage in temporal life, prayer, which includes requests for mundane needs. The Gemara explains: And Rav Hamnuna held that the time for prayer is distinct and the time for Torah is distinct. The time that one devotes to prayer is not at the expense of the time devoted to Torah study. Similarly, the Gemara relates that Rabbi Yirmeya was sitting before Rabbi Zeira and they were engaged in the study of halakha. The time for prayer was approaching and it was getting late and Rabbi Yirmeya was hurrying to conclude the subject that they were studying in order to pray. Rabbi Zeira read this verse as applying to Rabbi Yirmeya: “One who turns his ear from hearing Torah, his prayer is also an abomination” (Proverbs 28:9).
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
page 427 note 647
נתן עיניו בתלמידים התחילו פניהם משתנין אמר להם בני לא לכם אני אומר אלא להללו שיצאו שמניחים חיי עולם ועוסקים בחיי שעה
He cast his eyes upon the students remaining in the house of study. Immediately, their faces began to change color out of shame, as they feared he was referring to them and that perhaps they should have departed along with the others instead of staying. He said to them: My sons, I did not say that about you but about those who left, because they abandon the eternal life of Torah and engage in the temporary life of eating.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One,
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Rabbi Yoḥanan heard that one angel said to the other: Let us knock this wall down upon them and kill them, as they abandon eternal life of Torah study and engage in temporal life for their own sustenance. The other angel said to him: Leave them, as there is one of them whose time of achievement stands before him, i.e., his time has yet to come. Rabbi Yoḥanan heard all this, but Ilfa did not hear the angels’ conversation. Rabbi Yoḥanan said to Ilfa: Did the Master hear anything? Ilfa said to him: No. Rabbi Yoḥanan said to himself: Since I heard the angels and Ilfa did not hear, I can learn from this that it is I whose time of achievement stands before me.
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(כו) דָּבָר אַחֵר, הַחֹדֶשׁ הַזֶּה לָכֶם, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (תהלים עב, ז): יִפְרַח בְּיָמָיו צַדִּיק וְרֹב שָׁלוֹם עַד בְּלִי יָרֵחַ, עַד שֶׁלֹא הוֹצִיא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִמִּצְרַיִם בְּרֶמֶז הוֹדִיעַ לָהֶם שֶׁאֵין הַמַּלְכוּת בָּאָה לָהֶם עַד שְׁלשִׁים דּוֹר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: הַחֹדֶשׁ הַזֶּה לָכֶם רֹאשׁ חֳדָשִׁים, הַחֹדֶשׁ שְׁלשִׁים יוֹם, וּמַלְכוּת שֶׁלָּכֶם שְׁלשִׁים דּוֹר. הַלְּבָנָה בָּרִאשׁוֹן שֶׁל נִיסָן מַתְחֶלֶת לְהָאִיר, וְכָל שֶׁהִיא הוֹלֶכֶת מְאִירָה עַד חֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר יָמִים, וְדִסְקוֹס שֶׁלָּהּ מִתְמַלֵּא, וּמֵחֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר עַד שְׁלשִׁים אוֹר שֶׁלָּהּ חָסֵר, בִּשְׁלשִׁים אֵינָהּ נִרְאֵית. כָּךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל חֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר דוֹר מִן אַבְרָהָם וְעַד שְׁלֹמֹה. אַבְרָהָם הִתְחִיל לְהָאִיר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה מא, ב): מִי הֵעִיר מִמִּזְרָח צֶדֶק יִקְרָאֵהוּ לְרַגְלוֹ, בָּא יִצְחָק אַף הוּא הֵאִיר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים צז, יא): אוֹר זָרֻעַ לַצַּדִּיק. בָּא יַעֲקֹב וְהוֹסִיף אוֹר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה י, יז): וְהָיָה אוֹר יִשְׂרָאֵל לְאֵשׁ, וְאַחַר כָּךְ יְהוּדָה, פֶּרֶץ, חֶצְרוֹן, רָם, עֲמִינָדָב, נַחְשׁוֹן, שַׂלְמוֹן, בֹּעַז, עוֹבֵד, יִשַּׁי, דָּוִד. כֵּיוָן שֶׁבָּא שְׁלֹמֹה נִתְמַלֵּא דִסְקוֹס שֶׁל לְבָנָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברי הימים א כט, כג): וַיֵּשֶׁב שְׁלֹמֹה עַל כִּסֵּא ה' לְמֶלֶךְ, וְכִי יוּכַל אָדָם לֵישֵׁב בְּכִסְאוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, מִי שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ (דניאל ז, ט): כָּרְסְיֵהּ שְׁבִיבִין דִּי נוּר. אֶלָּא מָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שׁוֹלֵט מִסּוֹף הָעוֹלָם וְעַד סוֹפוֹ וְשׁוֹלֵט בְּכָל הַמְלָכִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים קלח, ד): יוֹדוּךָ ה' כָּל מַלְכֵי אָרֶץ, כֵּן שָׁלַט שְׁלֹמֹה מִסּוֹף הָעוֹלָם וְעַד סוֹפוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברי הימים ב ט, כג כד): וְכֹל מַלְכֵי הָאָרֶץ מְבַקְּשִׁים אֶת פְּנֵי שְׁלֹמֹה וגו' וְהֵמָּה מְבִיאִים אִישׁ מִנְחָתוֹ, לְכָךְ נֶאֱמַר: וַיֵּשֶׁב שְׁלֹמֹה עַל כִּסֵּא ה' לְמֶלֶךְ. הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְבוּשׁוֹ הוֹד וְהָדָר וְנָתַן לִשְׁלֹמֹה הוֹד מַלְכוּת, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברי הימים א כט, כה): וַיִּתֵּן עָלָיו הוֹד מַלְכוּת. בְּכִסְאוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא כְּתִיב (יחזקאל א, י): וּדְמוּת פְּנֵיהֶם פְּנֵי אָדָם וּפְנֵי אַרְיֵה, וּבִשְׁלֹמֹה כְּתִיב (מלכים א ז, כט): וְעַל הַמִּסְגָּרוֹת אֲשֶׁר בֵּין הַשְּׁלַבִּים אֲרָיוֹת בָּקָר. וְכָתוּב אֶחָד אוֹמֵר (מלכים א ז, לג): כְּמַעֲשֵׂה אוֹפַן הַמֶּרְכָּבָה. בְּכִסְאוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֵין דָּבָר רָע נוֹגֵעַ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים ה, ה): לֹא יְגֻרְךָ רָע, וּבִשְׁלֹמֹה כְּתִיב (מלכים א ה, יח): אֵין שָׂטָן וְאֵין פֶּגַע רָע. הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עָשָׂה שִׁשָּׁה רְקִיעִים וּבַשְּׁבִיעִי יוֹשֵׁב, וּבְכִסְאוֹ שֶׁל שְׁלֹמֹה כְּתִיב (מלכים א י, יט): שֵׁשׁ מַעֲלוֹת לַכִּסֵּא, וְיוֹשֵׁב בַּמַּעֲלָה הַשְּׁבִיעִית, הֲרֵי נִתְמַלֵּא דִּסְקוֹס שֶׁל לְבָנָה וּמִשָּׁם הִתְחִילוּ הַמְלָכִים פּוֹחֲתִין וְהוֹלְכִין, (דברי הימים א ג, י): וּבֶן שְׁלֹמֹה רְחַבְעָם, וּבֶן רְחַבְעָם אֲבִיָּה וּבְנוֹ אָסָא, יְהוֹשָׁפָט, יְהוֹרָם, אֲחַזְיָהוּ, יוֹאָשׁ, אֲמַצְיָהוּ, עֻזִּיָה, יוֹתָם, אָחָז, יְחִזְקִיָּה, מְנַשֶּׁה, אָמוֹן, יֹאשִׁיָהוּ, יְהוֹיָקִים. כֵּיוָן שֶׁבָּא צִדְקִיָּהוּ, דִּכְתִיב (ירמיה נב, יא): וְאֶת עֵינֵי צִדְקִיָּהוּ עִוֵּר, חָסַר אוֹרָהּ שֶׁל לְבָנָה. וְכָל אוֹתָן הַשָּׁנִים אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהָיוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל חוֹטְאִין הָיוּ הָאָבוֹת מִתְפַּלְּלִין עֲלֵיהֶן וְעוֹשִׂין שָׁלוֹם בֵּין יִשְׂרָאֵל לַמָּקוֹם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים עכ, ג): יִשְׂאוּ הָרִים שָׁלוֹם לָעָם. וְאֵין הָרִים אֶלָּא אָבוֹת, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (מיכה ו, ב): שִׁמְעוּ הָרִים אֶת רִיב ה'. וְעַד מָתַי הָיוּ הָאָבוֹת מִתְפַּלְּלִין עֲלֵיהֶן, עַד שֶׁאָבַד צִדְקִיָּהוּ אֶת עֵינָיו וְחָרַב בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים עב, ז): וְרֹב שָׁלוֹם עַד בְּלִי יָרֵחַ, עַד שְׁלשִׁים דּוֹר שֶׁהָיָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל מִן הַמַּלְכוּת, מִן אוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה וְעַד עַתָּה מִי עוֹשֶׂה שָׁלוֹם לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, ה', שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר ו, כו): יִשָֹּׂא ה' פָּנָיו אֵלֶיךָ וְיָשֵׂם לְךָ שָׁלוֹם.
Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One, Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One, Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One, (26) Another interpretation: "This month for you..." (Exodus 12:2) This is what is written, "That the righteous shall flourish in his days and multiply peace until the moon is no more" (Psalms 72:7) - until the Holy One Blessed Be He does not bring out Israel from the land of Egypt. It was a hint that kingship did not come to them for 30 generations, as it is written "This month for you shall be the head of the months..." A month is 30 days, and your kingship is 30 generations. The moon begins to give light on the 1st of Nissan, and all the more so it gives light until 15 days, and its disc becomes full. And from 15 to 30, its light diminishes - on the 30th, it cannot be seen. Accordingly is Israel 15 generations from Abraham to Solomon. Abraham began to give light, as was written: "Who has roused a righteous one from the East; He shall call him to His foot" (Isaiah 41:2) [reading ha-ir with an ayin "roused" as "ha-ir" with an aleph "gave light"] Isaac came, and even he gave light, as was said, "Light was sown for the righteous" (Psalms 97:11). Jacob came and added light, as was said, "And the light of Israel will be for fire" (Isaiah 10:17). And after this: Judah, Peretz, Ram, Amminadab, Nachshon, Salmon, Boaz, Oved, Jesse, David. When Solomon came, the disc of the moon became full, as was said, "And Solomon sat on the throne of YHVH as king" (1 Chronicles 29:23). And how could a human sit on the throne of the Holy One Blessed Be He who said about it, "His throne was tongues of flame" (Daniel 7:9)? Rather, just as the Holy One Blessed Be He dominated from end to end of the earth and dominates all kings, as is said "All of the kings of the world shall acknowledge You" (Psalms 138:4), so Solomon dominated from end to end of the earth, as was said, "And all the kings of the earth would request to come before Solomon... and each one of them would bring his tribute..." (2 Chronicles 9:23-24) And therefore it was said, "And Solomon sat on the throne of YHVH as king". The Holy One Blessed Be He dressed him in majesty and splendor and gave Solomon the majesty of kingship, as was said, "And He gave him the majesty of kingship..." (1 Chronicles 29:25) on the throne of the Holy One Blessed Be He, as was written, "And the likeness of their faces was the face of a man and the face of a lion..." (Ezekiel 1:10). And regarding Solomon, it was written "And on the insets that were between the frames were lions, oxen..." (I Kings 7:29) And one verse says, "...like the work of chariot wheels..." (I Kings 7:33). On the throne of the Holy One Blessed Be He, no bad thing befalls, as was said, "Evil cannot dwell with You" (Psalms 5:5), and regarding Solomon it is written, "...there is no bad adversary and no bad happenstance" (I Kings 5:20). The Holy One Blessed Be He made 6 firmaments and dwelt in the seventh. And regarding Solomon's throne it is written "Six steps up to the throne..." (I Kings 10:19) and he sits on the seventh step. Behold, the disc of the moon became full, and from there, the kings began to diminish and go: "And the son of Solomon was Rehoboam" (I Chronicles 3:10), and the son of Rehoboam was Aviyah, and his son Asa, Jehoshaphat, Joram, Achazia, Joash, Amazia, Uzziah, Jotham, Achaz, Hezekiah, Menashe, Amon, Josiah, Jehoiakim. Since Zedekiah came, as was written "And the eyes of Zedekiah were blinded" (Jeremiah 52:11) - lacking the moon's light. And all of those years, despite Israel sinning, the patriarchs would pray for them and make peace between Israel and the Omnipresent, as was said, "Let the mountains lift up peace for the people" (Psalms 72:3). And there are no mountains other than the patriarchs, as was said, "Listen, mountains, to the argument of YHVH" (Micah 6:2) . And until when were the patriarchs praying for them? Until Zedekiah lost his eyes and the Temple was destroyed, as was said "..and multiply peace until the moon is no more" (Psalms 72:7) - until 30 generations that Israel had kingship. From that hour until now, who makes peace for Israel? YHVH, as was said, "May YHVH lift his face to you and grant you peace" (Numbers 6:26)
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Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One, § It is taught in a baraita: Rabbi Shimon ben Yoḥai says: Come and see how beloved the Jewish people are before the Holy One, Blessed be He. As every place they were exiled, the Divine Presence went with them. They were exiled to Egypt, and the Divine Presence went with them, as it is stated: “Did I reveal myself to the house of your father when they were in Egypt?” (I Samuel 2:27). They were exiled to Babylonia, and the Divine Presence went with them, as it is stated: “For your sake I have sent to Babylonia” (Isaiah 43:14). So too, when, in the future, they will be redeemed, the Divine Presence will be with them, as it is stated: “Then the Lord your God will return with your captivity” (Deuteronomy 30:3). It does not state: He will bring back, i.e., He will cause the Jewish people to return, but rather it says: “He will return,” which teaches that the Holy One, Blessed be He, will return together with them from among the various exiles.
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Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One, Zohar, Pritzker Edition, Volume One, Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi made efforts to ordain Shmuel Yarḥina’a as a rabbi but was unsuccessful, as Shmuel always demurred. Shmuel Yarḥina’a said to him: The Master should not be upset about my refusal, as I know that I am not destined to be ordained as a rabbi. I myself saw the book of Adam the first man, which contains the genealogy of the human race, and it is written in it that Shmuel Yarḥina’a
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he has increased his obligation to them, since if he had meant to give them no more than the accepted amount, he would not have made any stipulation at all. The mishna then continues: And there is also a supporting incident involving Rabbi Yoḥanan ben Matya, who said to his son: Go out and hire laborers for us. His son went, hired them, and pledged to provide sustenance for them as a term of their employment, without specifying the details. And when he came back to his father and reported what he had done, Rabbi Yoḥanan ben Matya said to him: My son, even if you were to prepare a feast for them like that of King Solomon in his time, you would not have fulfilled your obligation to them, as they are the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
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