Save "The issur of making a seven branched Menorah
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The issur of making a seven branched Menorah

Every year we hope that we won't have to keep all the destruction fasts especially Tisha B'Av. We must have the frame of mind every day - according to Rambams principles of faith - that Moshiach could come at any moment and then maybe all these fasts will be batel. The time before moshiach - ikvesa demoshiach will be a difficult one - chevlei moshich . There will be tzarot in the world - there will be a stand off between superpowers - Gog and Magog - sound familiar?

So if Moshiach is coming hilchasa demishicha becomes relevant again and now is a good time to discuss an aspect of the soon to be rebuilt Beth Hamikdash.

And even if it should transpire, that Moshiach doesn't come, then we will learn lishmo, and as the medrash tanchuma says - gadol kriyasa kevinyana - G-d will treat our study of these sugyas of the beth hamikdash as if we had built it.

I have chosen at this point to discuss the Menorah.

The construction of the Menorah is mentioned twice in the Torah. Once in Shmot in the sedra of Terumah and it is later revisited in Bamidbar in Beha'alotcha.

(לא) וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ מְנֹרַ֖ת זָהָ֣ב טָה֑וֹר מִקְשָׁ֞ה תֵּעָשֶׂ֤ה הַמְּנוֹרָה֙ יְרֵכָ֣הּ וְקָנָ֔הּ גְּבִיעֶ֛יהָ כַּפְתֹּרֶ֥יהָ וּפְרָחֶ֖יהָ מִמֶּ֥נָּה יִהְיֽוּ׃ (לב) וְשִׁשָּׁ֣ה קָנִ֔ים יֹצְאִ֖ים מִצִּדֶּ֑יהָ שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה ׀ קְנֵ֣י מְנֹרָ֗ה מִצִּדָּהּ֙ הָאֶחָ֔ד וּשְׁלֹשָׁה֙ קְנֵ֣י מְנֹרָ֔ה מִצִּדָּ֖הּ הַשֵּׁנִֽי׃ (לג) שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה גְ֠בִעִים מְֽשֻׁקָּדִ֞ים בַּקָּנֶ֣ה הָאֶחָד֮ כַּפְתֹּ֣ר וָפֶרַח֒ וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה גְבִעִ֗ים מְשֻׁקָּדִ֛ים בַּקָּנֶ֥ה הָאֶחָ֖ד כַּפְתֹּ֣ר וָפָ֑רַח כֵּ֚ן לְשֵׁ֣שֶׁת הַקָּנִ֔ים הַיֹּצְאִ֖ים מִן־הַמְּנֹרָֽה׃ (לד) וּבַמְּנֹרָ֖ה אַרְבָּעָ֣ה גְבִעִ֑ים מְשֻׁקָּדִ֔ים כַּפְתֹּרֶ֖יהָ וּפְרָחֶֽיהָ׃ (לה) וְכַפְתֹּ֡ר תַּחַת֩ שְׁנֵ֨י הַקָּנִ֜ים מִמֶּ֗נָּה וְכַפְתֹּר֙ תַּ֣חַת שְׁנֵ֤י הַקָּנִים֙ מִמֶּ֔נָּה וְכַפְתֹּ֕ר תַּחַת־שְׁנֵ֥י הַקָּנִ֖ים מִמֶּ֑נָּה לְשֵׁ֙שֶׁת֙ הַקָּנִ֔ים הַיֹּצְאִ֖ים מִן־הַמְּנֹרָֽה׃ (לו) כַּפְתֹּרֵיהֶ֥ם וּקְנֹתָ֖ם מִמֶּ֣נָּה יִהְי֑וּ כֻּלָּ֛הּ מִקְשָׁ֥ה אַחַ֖ת זָהָ֥ב טָהֽוֹר׃ (לז) וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ אֶת־נֵרֹתֶ֖יהָ שִׁבְעָ֑ה וְהֶֽעֱלָה֙ אֶת־נֵ֣רֹתֶ֔יהָ וְהֵאִ֖יר עַל־עֵ֥בֶר פָּנֶֽיהָ׃ (לח) וּמַלְקָחֶ֥יהָ וּמַחְתֹּתֶ֖יהָ זָהָ֥ב טָהֽוֹר׃ (לט) כִּכָּ֛ר זָהָ֥ב טָה֖וֹר יַעֲשֶׂ֣ה אֹתָ֑הּ אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַכֵּלִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃ (מ) וּרְאֵ֖ה וַעֲשֵׂ֑ה בְּתַ֨בְנִיתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה מָרְאֶ֖ה בָּהָֽר׃ (ס)

(31) You shall make a lampstand of pure gold; the lampstand shall be made of hammered work; its base and its shaft, its cups, calyxes, and petals shall be of one piece. (32) Six branches shall issue from its sides; three branches from one side of the lampstand and three branches from the other side of the lampstand. (33) On one branch there shall be three cups shaped like almond-blossoms, each with calyx and petals, and on the next branch there shall be three cups shaped like almond-blossoms, each with calyx and petals; so for all six branches issuing from the lampstand. (34) And on the lampstand itself there shall be four cups shaped like almond-blossoms, each with calyx and petals: (35) a calyx, of one piece with it, under a pair of branches; and a calyx, of one piece with it, under the second pair of branches, and a calyx, of one piece with it, under the last pair of branches; so for all six branches issuing from the lampstand. (36) Their calyxes and their stems shall be of one piece with it, the whole of it a single hammered piece of pure gold. (37) Make its seven lamps—the lamps shall be so mounted as to give the light on its front side— (38) and its tongs and fire pans of pure gold. (39) It shall be made, with all these furnishings, out of a talent of pure gold. (40) Note well, and follow the patterns for them that are being shown you on the mountain.

(א) וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃ (ב) דַּבֵּר֙ אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֔ן וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ אֵלָ֑יו בְּהַעֲלֹֽתְךָ֙ אֶת־הַנֵּרֹ֔ת אֶל־מוּל֙ פְּנֵ֣י הַמְּנוֹרָ֔ה יָאִ֖ירוּ שִׁבְעַ֥ת הַנֵּרֽוֹת׃ (ג) וַיַּ֤עַשׂ כֵּן֙ אַהֲרֹ֔ן אֶל־מוּל֙ פְּנֵ֣י הַמְּנוֹרָ֔ה הֶעֱלָ֖ה נֵרֹתֶ֑יהָ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה׃ (ד) וְזֶ֨ה מַעֲשֵׂ֤ה הַמְּנֹרָה֙ מִקְשָׁ֣ה זָהָ֔ב עַד־יְרֵכָ֥הּ עַד־פִּרְחָ֖הּ מִקְשָׁ֣ה הִ֑וא כַּמַּרְאֶ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֶרְאָ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֔ה כֵּ֥ן עָשָׂ֖ה אֶת־הַמְּנֹרָֽה׃ (פ)

(1) The LORD spoke to Moses, saying: (2) Speak to Aaron and say to him, “When you mount the lamps, let the seven lamps give light at the front of the lampstand.” (3) Aaron did so; he mounted the lamps at the front of the lampstand, as the LORD had commanded Moses.— (4) Now this is how the lampstand was made: it was hammered work of gold, hammered from base to petal. According to the pattern that the LORD had shown Moses, so was the lampstand made.

Key terms -

זָהָ֣ב טָה֑וֹר מִקְשָׁ֞ה – hammered pure gold
יְרֵכָ֣הּ - base
וְקָנָ֔הּ - branches
גְּבִיעֶ֛יהָ - cups
כַּפְתֹּרֶ֥יהָ – knobs , Rashi says apples - pommeaux
וּפְרָחֶ֖יהָ – petals
וְשִׁשָּׁ֣ה קָנִ֔ים יֹצְאִ֖ים – מִצִּדֶּ֑יהָ – from its central shaft
שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה ׀ קְנֵ֣י מְנֹרָ֗ה מִצִּדָּהּ֙ הָאֶחָ֔ד -- וּשְׁלֹשָׁה֙ קְנֵ֣י מְנֹרָ֔ה מִצִּדָּ֖הּ הַשֵּׁנִֽי׃
שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה גְ֠בִעִים מְֽשֻׁקָּדִ֞ים (almond blossom shape)בַּקָּנֶ֣ה הָאֶחָד֮ כַּפְתֹּ֣ר וָפֶרַח֒ ו- ּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה גְבִעִ֗ים מְשֻׁקָּדִ֛ים בַּקָּנֶ֥ה הָאֶחָ֖ד כַּפְתֹּ֣ר וָפָ֑רַח
וּבַמְּנֹרָ֖ה אַרְבָּעָ֣ה גְבִעִ֑ים מְשֻׁקָּדִ֔ים כַּפְתֹּרֶ֖יהָ וּפְרָחֶֽיהָ׃ Relating to the centre shaft
ְכַפְתֹּ֡ר תַּחַת֩ שְׁנֵ֨י הַקָּנִ֜ים מִמֶּ֗נָּה וְכַפְתֹּר֙ תַּ֣חַת שְׁנֵ֤י הַקָּנִים֙ מִמֶּ֔נָּה an extra below the division points between the dividing point and base
וְכַפְתֹּ֕ר תַּחַת־שְׁנֵ֥י הַקָּנִ֖ים מִמֶּ֑נָּה לְשֵׁ֙שֶׁת֙ הַקָּנִ֔ים הַיֹּצְאִ֖ים מִן־הַמְּנֹרָֽה׃ a knob at all the division points where the side branches come off the central shaft
וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ אֶת־נֵרֹתֶ֖יהָ lamps to actually contain the oil
וּמַלְקָחֶ֥יהָ - tongs
וּמַחְתֹּתֶ֖יהָ - fire pans זָהָ֥ב טָהֽוֹר׃

If you found this a bit difficult to visualise - you are in good company!

Moshe had the same issue. G-d showed him a fiery hologram of the design - one of the first examples of "a picture says a thousand words".

we have Rashi to put us right!

(א) מקשה תיעשה המנורה. שֶׁלֹּא יַעֲשֶׂנָּה חֻלְיוֹת וְלֹא יַעֲשֶׂה קָנֶיהָ וְנֵרוֹתֶיהָ אֵבָרִים אֵבָרִים וְאַחַר כָּךְ יַדְבִּיקֵם, כְּדֶרֶךְ הַצּוֹרְפִים שֶׁקּוֹרִין שולד"יר solder בְּלַעַז, אֶלָּא כֻלָּהּ בָּאָה מֵחֲתִיכָה אַחַת, וּמַקִּישׁ בַּקֻּרְנָס וְחוֹתֵךְ בִּכְלִי הָאֻמָּנוּת וּמַפְרִיד הַקָּנִים אֵילָךְ וָאֵילָךְ: (ב) מקשה. תַּרְגּוּמוֹ נְגִיד, לְשׁוֹן הַמְשָׁכָה, שֶׁמַּמְשִׁיךְ אֶת הָאֵבָרִים מִן הָעֶשֶׁת לְכָאן וּלְכָאן בְּהַקָּשַׁת הַקֻּרְנָס, וּלְשׁוֹן מִקְשָׁה מַכַּת קֻרְנָס, בטדי"ץ בְּלַעַז, כְּמוֹ דָּא לְדָא נָקְשָׁן (דניאל ה'): (ג) תיעשה המנורה. מֵאֵלֶיהָ, לְפִי שֶׁהָיָה מֹשֶׁה מִתְקַשֶּׁה בָהּ, אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּבָּ"ה הַשְׁלֵךְ אֶת הַכִּכָּר לָאוּר וְהִיא נַעֲשֵׂית מֵאֵלֶיהָ, לְכָךְ לֹא נִכְתַּב תַּעֲשֶׂה (תנחומא): (ד) ירכה. הוּא הָרֶגֶל שֶׁלְּמַטָּה הֶעָשׂוּי כְּמִין תֵּבָה, וּשְׁלֹשָׁה רַגְלַיִם יוֹצְאִין הֵימֶנּוּ וּלְמַטָּה: (ה) וקנה. הַקָּנֶה הָאֶמְצָעִי שֶׁלָּהּ הָעוֹלֶה בְּאֶמְצַע הַיָּרֵךְ זָקוּף כְּלַפֵּי מַעְלָה, וְעָלָיו נֵר הָאֶמְצָעִי עָשׂוּי כְּמִין בָּזֵךְ, לָצוּק הַשֶּׁמֶן לְתוֹכוֹ וְלָתֵת הַפְּתִילָה: (ו) גביעיה. הֵן כְּמִין כּוֹסוֹת שֶׁעוֹשִׂין מִזְּכוּכִית, אֲרֻכִּים וּקְצָרִים, וְקוֹרִין לָהֶם מדיר"נש בְּלַעַז, וְאֵלּוּ עֲשׂוּיִין שֶׁל זָהָב, וּבוֹלְטִין וְיוֹצְאִין מִכָּל קָנֶה וְקָנֶה כַּמִּנְיָן שֶׁנָּתַן בָּהֶם הַכָּתוּב, וְלֹא הָיוּ בָהּ אֶלָּא לְנוֹי: (ז) כפתריה. כְּמִין תַּפּוּחִים הָיוּ, עֲגֻלִּין סָבִיב, בּוֹלְטִין סְבִיבוֹת הַקָּנֶה הָאֶמְצָעִי, כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁעוֹשִׂין לַמְּנוֹרוֹת שֶׁלִּפְנֵי הַשָּׂרִים, וְקוֹרִין לָהֶם פומיל"ש בְּלַעַז, וּמִנְיָן שֶׁלָּהֶם כָּתוּב בַּפָּרָשָׁה, כַּמָּה כַּפְתּוֹרִים בּוֹלְטִין מִמֶּנָּה וְכַמָּה חָלָק בֵּין כַּפְתּוֹר לְכַפְתּוֹר: (ח) ופרחיה. צִיּוּרִין עֲשׂוּיִן בָּהּ כְּמִין פְּרָחִין: (ט) ממנה יהיו. הַכֹּל מִקְשָׁה יוֹצֵא מִתּוֹךְ חֲתִיכַת הָעֶשֶׁת, וְלֹא יַעֲשֶׂה לְבַדָּם וְיַדְבִּיקֵם: (א) יצאים מצדיה. לְכָאן וּלְכָאן בַּאֲלַכְסוֹן, נִמְשָׁכִים וְעוֹלִין עַד כְּנֶגֶד גָּבְהָהּ שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה שֶׁהוּא קָנֶה הָאֶמְצָעִי, וְיוֹצְאִין מִתּוֹךְ קָנֶה הָאֶמְצָעִי זֶה לְמַעְלָה מִזֶּה, הַתַּחְתּוֹן אָרֹךְ, וְשֶׁל מַעְלָה קָצָר הֵימֶנּוּ, וְהָעֶלְיוֹן קָצָר הֵימֶנּוּ, לְפִי שֶׁהָיָה גֹּבַהּ רָאשֵׁיהֶן שָׁוֶה לְגָבְהוֹ שֶׁל קָנֶה הָאֶמְצָעִי, הַשְּׁבִיעִי, שֶׁמִּמֶּנּוּ יוֹצְאִים הַשִּׁשָּׁה קָנִים: (א) משקדים. כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ, מְצֻיָּרִים הָיוּ, כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁעוֹשִׂין לִכְלֵי כֶסֶף וְזָהָב שֶׁקּוֹרִים נייל"יר בְּלַעַז: (ב) שלשה גבעים. בּוֹלְטִין מִכָּל קָנֶה וְקָנֶה: (ג) כפתר ופרח. הָיָה לְכָל קָנֶה וְקָנֶה: (א) ובמנרה ארבעה גבעים. בְּגוּפָהּ שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה הָיוּ אַרְבָּעָה גְּבִיעִים – אֶחָד בּוֹלֵט בָּהּ לְמַטָּה מִן הַקָּנִים, וְהַשְּׁלֹשָׁה לְמַעְלָה מִן יְצִיאַת הַקָּנִים הַיּוֹצְאִין מִצִּדֶּיהָ: (ב) משקדים כפתריה ופרחיה. זֶה אֶחָד מֵחֲמִשָּׁה מִקְרָאוֹת שֶׁאֵין לָהֶם הֶכְרֵעַ (יומא נ"ב), אֵין יָדוּעַ אִם גְּבִיעִים מְשֻׁקָּדִים אוֹ מְשֻׁקָּדִים כַּפְתּוֹרֶיהָ וּפְרָחֶיהָ: (א) וכפתר תחת שני הקנים. מִתּוֹךְ הַכַּפְתּוֹר הָיוּ הַקָּנִים נִמְשָׁכִים מִשְּׁנֵי צִדֶּיהָ אֵילָךְ וָאֵילָךְ, כָּךְ שָׁנִינוּ בִמְלֶאכֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּן: גָּבְהָהּ שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה י"ח טְפָחִים, הָרַגְלַיִם וְהַפֶּרַח שְׁלֹשָׁה טְפָחִים – הוּא הַפֶּרַח הָאָמוּר בַּיָּרֵךְ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר עַד יְרֵכָהּ עַד פִּרְחָהּ (במדבר ח') – וּטְפָחַיִם חָלָק, וְטֶפַח שֶׁבּוֹ גָּבִיעַ מֵהָאַרְבָּעָה גְבִיעִים וְכַפְתּוֹר וָפֶרַח מִשְּׁנֵי כַפְתּוֹרִים וּשְׁנֵי פְרָחִים הָאֲמוּרִים בַּמְּנוֹרָה עַצְמָהּ, שֶׁנֶּ' מְשֻׁקָּדִים כַּפְתּוֹרֶיהָ וּפְרָחֶיהָ, לָמַדְנוּ שֶׁהָיוּ בַּקָּנֶה שְׁנֵי כַפְתּוֹרִים וּשְׁנֵי פְרָחִים לְבַד מִן הַשְּׁלֹשָׁה כַפְתּוֹרִים שֶׁהַקָּנִים נִמְשָׁכִין מִתּוֹכָן, שֶׁנֶּ' וְכַפְתֹּר תַּחַת שְׁנֵי הַקָּנִים וְגוֹ', וּטְפָחַיִם חָלָק, וְטֶפַח כַּפְתּוֹר וּשְׁנֵי קָנִים יוֹצְאִים מִמֶּנּוּ אֵילָךְ וָאֵילָךְ נִמְשָׁכִים וְעוֹלִים כְּנֶגֶד גָּבְהָהּ שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה, טֶפַח חָלָק, וְטֶפַח כַּפְתּוֹר וּשְׁנֵי קָנִים יוֹצְאִים מִמֶּנּוּ, וְטֶפַח חָלָק, וְטֶפַח כַּפְתּוֹר וּשְׁנֵי קָנִים יוֹצְאִים מִמֶּנּוּ וְנִמְשָׁכִים וְעוֹלִין כְּנֶגֶד גָּבְהָהּ שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה, וּטְפָחַיִם חָלָק, נִשְׁתַּיְּרוּ שָׁם שְׁלֹשָׁה טְפָחִים שֶׁבָּהֶם שְׁלֹשָׁה גְבִיעִים וְכַפְתּוֹר וָפֶרַח, נִמְצְאוּ גְּבִיעִים כ"ב – י"ח לְשִׁשָּׁה קָנִים, שְׁלֹשָׁה לְכָל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד, וְאַרְבָּעָה בְּגוּפָהּ שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה, הֲרֵי כ"ב – וְאַחַד עָשָׂר כַּפְתּוֹרִים, שִׁשָּׁה בְּשֵׁשֶׁת הַקָּנִים, וּשְׁלֹשָׁה בְּגוּפָהּ שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה שֶׁהַקָּנִים יוֹצְאִים מֵהֶם, וּשְׁנַיִם עוֹד בַּמְּנוֹרָה שֶׁנֶּ' מְשֻׁקָּדִים כַּפְתּוֹרֶיהָ, וּמִעוּט כַּפְתּוֹרִים שְׁנַיִם, הָאֶחָד לְמַטָּה אֵצֶל הַיָּרֵךְ, וְהָאֶחָד בְּג' טְפָחִים הָעֶלְיוֹנִים עִם ג' הַגְּבִיעִים, וְתִשְׁעָה פְרָחִים הָיוּ לָהּ, שִׁשָּׁה לְשֵׁשֶׁת הַקָּנִים, שֶׁנֶּ' בַּקָּנֶה הָאֶחָד כַּפְתֹּר וָפֶרַח, וּשְׁלֹשָׁה לַמְּנוֹרָה שֶׁנֶּ' מְשֻׁקָּדִים כַּפְתּוֹרֶיהָ וּפְרָחֶיהָ, וּמִעוּט פְּרָחִים שְׁנַיִם, וְאֶחָד הָאָמוּר בְּפָרָשַׁת בְּהַעֲלֹתְךָ עַד יְרֵכָהּ עַד פִּרְחָהּ, וְאִם תְּדַקְדֵּק בְּמִשְׁנָה זוֹ הַכְּתוּבָה לְמַעְלָה, תִּמְצָאֵם כְּמִנְיָנָם אִישׁ אִישׁ בִּמְקוֹמוֹ: (א) את נרתיה. כְּמִין בָּזִיכִין שֶׁנּוֹתְנִין בְּתוֹכָן הַשֶּׁמֶן וְהַפְּתִילוֹת: (ב) והאיר אל עבר פניה. עָשָׂה פִּי שֵׁשֶׁת הַנֵּרוֹת שֶׁבְּרָאשֵׁי הַקָּנִים הַיּוֹצְאִים מִצִּדֶּיהָ מְסֻבִּים כְּלַפֵּי הָאֶמְצָעִי, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּהְיוּ הַנֵּרוֹת כְּשֶׁתַּדְלִיקֵם מְאִירִים אֶל עֵבֶר פָּנֶיהָ – מֻסָּב אוֹרָם אֶל צַד פְּנֵי הַקָּנֶה הָאֶמְצָעִי, שֶׁהוּא גּוּף הַמְּנוֹרָה: (א) ומלקחיה. הֵם הַצְּבָתִים הָעֲשׂוּיִין לִקַּח בָּהֶם הַפְּתִילָה מִתּוֹךְ הַשֶּׁמֶן, לְיַשְּׁבָן וּלְמָשְׁכָן בְּפִי הַנֵּרוֹת, וְעַל שֵׁם שֶׁלּוֹקְחִים בָּהֶם קְרוּיִים מֶלְקָחַיִם; וְצִבְתָהָא שֶׁתִּרְגֵּם אֻנְקְלוֹס לְשׁוֹן צְבָת, טנייל"ש בְּלַעַז: (ב) ומחתתיה. הֵם כְּמִין בָּזִיכִין קְטַנִּים שֶׁחוֹתֶה בָּהֶן אֶת הָאֵפֶר שֶׁבַּנֵּר בַּבֹּקֶר בַּבֹּקֶר, כְּשֶׁהוּא מֵיטִיב אֶת הַנֵּרוֹת מֵאֵפֶר הַפְּתִילוֹת שֶׁדָּלְקוּ הַלַּיְלָה וְכָבוּ, וּלְשׁוֹן מַחְתָּה פויישר"יא בְּלַעַז, כְּמוֹ לַחְתּוֹת אֵשׁ מִיָּקוּד (ישעיהו ל'):

(1) מקשה תיעשה המנורה OF BEATEN WORK SHALL THE CANDELABRUM BE MADE — i. e. one should not make it of separate pieces nor shall one make its branches or its lamps as separate limb — a kind of work called souder in old French, Engl, to solder, but is was to be made in its entirety of a single mass of gold. He (who made it) beat it with the hammer and cut away with the implements of his craft thus making the branches spread out in this direction and in that (cf. Sifrei Bamidbar 61:1). (2) מקשה — This word is translated in the Targum by נגיד, an expression for “drawing out;” he renders it thus because the parts of the candle-stick were drawn from the lump in this direction and in that by the blow of the hammer. The term מקשה denotes knocking with the hammer — batediz in old French — as the verb in (Daniel 5:6) “and his knees knocked (נקשן) one against another”. (3) תיעשה המנורה [OF BEATEN WORK] SHALL THE CANDELABRUM BE MADE — The passive form used here in contradistinction to the active forms of עשה used throughout this section in connection with the making of the vessels indicates that it shall be made of itself (automatically). Because Moses was puzzled by it (the work of the candlestick), the Holy One, blessed be He, said to him, “Cast the talent of gold into fire and it will be made of itself.” For this reason it does not say here תַּעֲשֶׂה “thou shalt make” (Midrash Tanchuma, Beha'alotcha 3) (4) ירכה — the foot (the base) below, which was made in form of a box, three legs coming out from it underneath. (5) וקנה — ITS SHAFT — its middle branch that rose from the central point of the base vertically upwards. On it was the middle lamp, made in the form of a cup into which to pour the oil and to put the wick. (6) גביעיה — They were like that kind of goblets which are made of glass and which are long and slender; in old French they are termed maderins (cf. Rashi on Genesis 44:2). These, however, were made of gold and came out as projections from each branch to the number which Scripture enjoins for them. They were on it for embellishment only. (7) כפתריה ITS KNOBS — These were like apples, globular, projecting all round the middle branch (shaft), such as are made for candlesticks of princely houses (lit., which stand before the princes), and which are called pommeaux in old French, apple-shaped ornaments. Their number is stated in this section — how many knobs projected from it (the middle branch) and how much was left plain between one knob and the other. (8) ופרחיה AND ITS FLOWERS — Figures were made on it in the shape of flowers. (9) ממנה יהיו SHALL BE OF THE SAME — All shall be of beaten work coming out of this block-shaped piece: one must not make them separately and then join them on the branches. (1) יצאים מצדיה [AND SIX BRANCHES] SHALL GO OUT OF ITS SIDE — on each side slantwise extending on high up to the level of the candlestick proper, i. e. of the middle branch. They came out from the middle branch, one above the other — the lowest being the longest, that above it being shorter than it, and the upper one even shorter than that, for the height of their tops was to be the same as the height of the middle branch — the seventh, the central one, from which the other six branches came out. (1) משקדים — Understand this as the Targum has it, מְצָיְרִין, chased. They were “modelled” in the way that is done on gold and silver vessels, a kind of work called in old French nieller. (2) שלשה גבעים THREE GOBLETS, projecting from each branch, (3) כפתור ופרח AND A KNOB AND A FLOWER was also on each branch. (1) ובמנרה ארבעה גבעים AND IN THE CANDELABRUM SHALL BE FOUR CUPS — i. e, on the body of the candlestick (on the vertical branch), were four goblets, viz., one jutting out from beneath the branches and three above the points from which emerged the branches that went out from its sides. (2) משקדים כפתריה ופרחיה GOBLETS MODELLED, WITH THEIR KNOBS AND THEIR FLOWERS (or it may be translated also: GOBLETS, MODELLED WITH THEIR KNOBS AND FLOWERS — The word משקדים being separated from the preceding by an אתנחתא seems to belong to the next words, to כפתוריה ופרחיה, but the fact that in the preceding verse it had been used of the goblets only suggests the reading גביעים משקדים. This is one of the five verses in Scripture the syntactical construction of which is undecided: it is not clear whether one should read גביעים משקדים or משקדים כפתריה ופרחיה (Yoma 52b). (1) וכפתר תחת שני הקנים AND THERE SHALL BE A KNOB UNDER TWO BRANCHES — The branches were drawn out from the two sides of the knob to this direction and to that. Thus we are taught in the Baraitha dealing with the construction of the Tabernacle (ch. 10): The full height of the candlestick was eighteen handbreadths, the legs and the flower taking up three handbreadths. — This is the flower mentioned in connection with the base, as it says, (Numbers 8:4) “unto the base thereof, unto the flower thereof”. — Then there was a space of two handbreadths that was plain; then one handbreadth in which was one of the four goblets (mentioned Exodus 25:34) and a knob and a flower of those two knobs and those two flowers that are mentioned together with the candlestick proper — for it states, (v. 34) “[And on the candelabrum (i. e. on the shaft) there shall be four cups] made like unto almonds with their knobs and their flowers,” which teaches us that there were on the middle branch two knobs and two flowers (the plural כפתריה ופרחיה without stating the number suggesting “two” of each kind; besides the three knobs from which the branches emerged and of which it is said, (Exodus 25:35) “And there shall be a knob under the two branches etc.” — Then there were the following: two handbreadths that were plain; a handbreadth made up of a knob from which two branches emerged on each side, extending upward to the level of the candlestick proper; one handbreadth plain; one handbreadth made up of a knob with two branches emerging from it; one handbreadth plain, and a handbreadth made up of a knob from which two branches emerged and rose to the level of the candlestick proper; two handbreadths plain. Thus there remained three handbreadths in which were three goblets (three of the four mentioned in v. 34) and one knob and one flower (of the two mentioned Exodus 25:34-35). Consequently the goblets were twenty-two — eighteen on the six branches, there being three on each, and four on the candlestick proper, making altogether twenty-two; — and there were eleven knobs, — six on the six branches, one on each, and three on the candlestick proper from which the branches emerged, and two more knobs on the candlestick proper, — for it says, “made like unto almonds with its knobs”, and the minimum number implied by the plural כפתורים, is two. One of these was below near the base and the other in the upper three handbreadths together with the three goblets. Furthermore it had nine flowers, six on the six branches, — as it says, (Exodus 25:33) “with a knob and a flower on the one branch” — and three on the candlestick proper, viz., two as is implied in what is said “made like unto almonds with its knobs and its flowers” — and the minimum number to be understood by the plural פרחים is two, and one that is mentioned in the section בהעלתך, (Numbers 8:4) “unto the base thereof and the flower thereof.” If you will study the above quoted Boraitha minutely you will find them (the different parts of the candlestick) enumerated according to their number, each in its position as laid down in this section (Menachot 28b). (1) את נרתיה ITS LAMPS — a kind of small bowls into which the oil and the wicks were put. (2) והאיר על עבר פניה AND MAKE THEM GIVE LIGHT OVER AGAINST IT — Make the mouths of those six lamps which are on the top of the branches that come out from its sides so that they are turned towards the middle branch, in order that when you kindle the lamps they shall cast their light over against its (the candlestick’s) front-side, i. e. their light should be directed in the direction of the front of the central branch which forms the candlestick proper. (1) ומלקחיה — These were tongs made for taking the wicks out from the oil, to put them in position and to draw them into the mouths. Because people took things with them they were called מלקחים, (from לקח, “to take”). The word צבתהא by which Onkelos renders it is the same as the more familiar term צבת, “a pair of tongs”; tenailles in old French (2) ומחתתיה AND ITS SNUFF-DISHES — These were like small bowls into which the High Priest raked the ashes every morning when he cleansed out the lamps from the ashes of the wicks that had burned all night and had become extinguished. The word מחתה is fougère (feuchière) in old French, as in, (Isaiah 30:14) “to rake (לחתות) fire from the hearth.”

From a 5th or 6th Century ancient shul in Tzippori - shows all the fine detail.

The totals are given in Menachot.

וגביעין למה הן דומין כמין כוסות אלכסנדריים כפתורים למה הן דומין כמין תפוחי הכרתיים פרחים למה הן דומין כמין פרחי העמודין ונמצאו גביעין עשרים ושנים כפתורים אחד עשר פרחים תשעה

And the goblets of the Candelabrum, to what are they similar? They were like Alexandrian goblets, which are long and narrow. The knobs, to what are they similar? They were like the shape of the apples of the Cherethites. The flowers, to what are they similar? They were like the ornaments that are etched in columns. And there are found to be a total of twenty-two goblets, eleven knobs, and nine flowers on the Candelabrum.

The three elements - cups, knobs and flowers.

note the almond encrusted design.

Tosfots view of the arrangements of the 3 elements

Other opinions of the lay out - ma'aseh choshev and sefer zikaron

central shaft

In the Talmud we are told that the menorah stood 18 hand-breadths/palms (three common cubits) high, or approximately 1.62 metres (5.3 ft ). Although the menorah was placed in the antechamber of the Temple sanctuary, over against its southernmost wall, the Talmud (Menahot 98b) brings down a dispute between two scholars on whether or not the menorah was situated north to south, or east to west. The historian Josephus, who witnessed the Temple's destruction, says that the menorah was actually situated obliquely, to the east and south.

The branches are often artistically depicted as semicircular, but Rashi, (according to some contemporary readings) and Maimonides (according to his son Avraham), held that they were straight; all other Jewish authorities, both classical (e.g. Philo and Josephus) and medieval (e.g. Ibn Ezra) who express an opinion on the subject state that the arms were round. Archaeological evidence, including depictions by artists who had seen the menorah, indicates that they were not straight, but show them as rounded, either semicircular or elliptical.

The most famous preserved representation of the menorah of the Temple was depicted in a frieze on the Arch of Titus, commemorating his triumphal parade in Rome following the destruction of Jerusalem in the year 70 CE. In that frieze, the menorah is shown with round branches.

A sketch by the Rambam as brought by his son Avraham ben ha Rambam.

שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְמֹשֶׁה, וְעָשִׂיתָ מְנוֹרַת זָהָב טָהוֹר (שמות כה, לא). אָמַר לֵיהּ: כֵּיצַד נַעֲשֶׂה אוֹתָהּ. אָמַר לוֹ: מִקְשָׁה תֵּעָשֶׂה (שם). אַף עַל פִּי כֵן נִתְקַשָּׁה בָּהּ, וְיָרַד מֹשֶׁה וְשָׁכַח מַעֲשֶׂיהָ. עָלָה וְאָמַר, רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, שָׁכַחְתִּי מַעֲשֶׂיהָ. הֶרְאָה לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְמֹשֶׁה, וְעוֹד נִתְקַשָּׁה בָּהּ. אָמַר לֵיהּ: וּרְאֵה וַעֲשֵׂה (שם פסוק מ), עַד שֶׁנָּטַל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מַטְבֵּעַ שֶׁל אֵשׁ וְהֶרְאָה לוֹ עֲשִׂיָּתָהּ. אַף עַל פִּי כֵן נִתְקַשָּׁה עַל מֹשֶׁה. אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לֵךְ אֵצֶל בְּצַלְאֵל וְהוּא יַעֲשֶׂה אוֹתָהּ. יָרַד מֹשֶׁה וְאָמַר לִבְצַלְאֵל, וּמִיָּד עֲשָׂאָהּ. הִתְחִיל מֹשֶׁה תָּמֵהַּ וְאוֹמֵר: אֲנִי כַּמָּה פְּעָמִים הֶרְאָה לִי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְנִתְקַשֵּׁיתִי לַעֲשׂוֹתָהּ, וְאַתָּה שֶׁלֹּא רָאִיתָ אוֹתָהּ עָשִׂיתָ מִדַּעְתְּךָ. בְּצַלְאֵל, בְּצֵל אֵל הָיִיתָ עוֹמֵד כְּשֶׁהֶרְאָה לִי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עֲשִׂיָּתָהּ וְאָמַר וְעָשִׂיתָ. וּלְפִיכָךְ, כְּשֶׁחָרַב בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ, נִגְנְזָה הַמְּנוֹרָה. וְזוֹ אֶחָד מִן חֲמִשָּׁה דְּבָרִים שֶׁנִּגְנְזוּ, הָאֲרוֹן, וְהַמְּנוֹרָה, וְהָאֵשׁ, וְרוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ, וְהַכְּרוּבִים. וּכְשֶׁיֵּעוֹר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּרַחֲמָיו וְיִבְנֶה בֵּיתוֹ וְהֵיכָלוֹ, הוּא מַחֲזִירָן לִמְקוֹמָן וּמְשַׂמְּחָן אֶת יְרוּשָׁלַיִם. מִנַּיִן, שֶׁכֵּן כָּתוּב, יְשֻׂשׂוּם מִדְבָּר וְצִיָּה וְתָגֵל עֲרָבָה וְתִפְרַח כַּחֲבַצֶּלֶת, פָּרֹחַ תִּפְרַח וְתָגֵל (ישעיה לה, א-ב).

Because the Holy One, blessed be He, said to Moses (in Exod. 25:31), ‘And you shall make a menorah of pure gold.’ He said to Him, ‘How shall we make [it]?’ He said to him (ibid. cont.), ‘Of hammered work shall the menorah be made.’ Nevertheless Moses had difficulty; for when he descended, he had forgotten its construction.8See Above, Lev. 3:33; Tanh., Lev. 3:8; Mekhilta deRabbi Ishmael, Piska 2; PRK 15; PR 15:21; 20:4; Exod. R. 15:28. He went up and said, ‘Master of the world, I have forgotten [it].’ He said to him (in Exod. 25:40), ‘Observe and make [it].’ Thus He took a pattern of fire and showed him its construction,9See Men. 29a Bar.; Sifre Numb. 8:4 (61); Numb. R. 15:4, 10. but it was still difficult for Moses. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him, ‘Go to Bezalel and he will make it.’ [So] Moses went down to talk to Bezalel, [and] he made it immediately. Moses began to wonder and say, ‘In my case, how many times did the Holy One, blessed be He, show it to me; yet I had difficulty in making it. Now without seeing it, you have made it from your own knowledge. Bezalel (btsl'l), were you perhaps standing in (b) the shadow (tsl) of God ('l) when the Holy One, blessed be He, showed it to me and said (in Exod. 25:31), “And you shall make”?’ Therefore when the Temple was destroyed, the menorah was stored away.” Now this was one of the five things that were stored away: the ark, the menorah, the fire, the holy spirit, and the cherubim.10Therefore, these five things were lacking from the Second Temple. See Syr. Baruch 6:4–10; TYoma2:15; TSot. 13:1; yTa‘an. 2:1 (65a); yHor. 3:3(2) (47c); Yoma 21b; Hor. 12a; ARN, A, 41. When the Holy One, blessed be He, returns in his mercy to build His house and His Temple, He will restore them to their place and cause Jerusalem to rejoice. Thus it is stated (in Is. 35:1-2), “The desert and the arid land shall be glad, and the wilderness shall rejoice and blossom like a crocus. It shall blossom abundantly and be glad.”11These five expressions of gladness in these verses correspond to the five things that will be restored in the new temple.

There is a minhag for shuls to have a menorah (8 branched) as a zecher to the original menorah.

With this there is a chashash that you might come to be O'ver a doraitha - How come?

You might come to place a 7 branched menorah which is a Torah prohibition.

Duplicating the Beth HaMikdash menorah with 7 in any metal - that is an issur doraitha.

There is a sha'ala brought by a Rav Yitzvhak Lebitz about a shul in a yeshiva that commissioned a memorial board which came with a 7 branched menorah at the top front area - could they use it?

(כ) לֹ֥א תַעֲשׂ֖וּן אִתִּ֑י אֱלֹ֤הֵי כֶ֙סֶף֙ וֵאלֹהֵ֣י זָהָ֔ב לֹ֥א תַעֲשׂ֖וּ לָכֶֽם׃

(20) With Me, therefore, you shall not make any gods of silver, nor shall you make for yourselves any gods of gold.

לא תעשון אתי. לֹא תַעֲשׂוּן דְּמוּת שַׁמָּשַׁי הַמְשַׁמְּשִׁים לְפָנַי בַּמָּרוֹם (מכילתא):

לא תעשון אתי YE SHALL NOT MAKE WITH ME — Ye shall not make an image of My ministers that minister before Me in the heights (Mekhilta d'Rabbi Yishmael 20:20:1).

מתני׳ דמות צורות לבנה היו לו לרבן גמליאל בטבלא ובכותל בעלייתו שבהן מראה את ההדיוטות ואומר הכזה ראית או כזה: גמ׳ ומי שרי והכתיב (שמות כ, כג) לא תעשון אתי לא תעשון כדמות שמשיי אמר אביי לא אסרה תורה אלא שמשין שאפשר לעשות כמותן כדתניא לא יעשה אדם בית תבנית היכל אכסדרה תבנית אולם חצר כנגד עזרה שלחן כנגד שלחן מנורה כנגד מנורה אבל עושה

MISHNA: Rabban Gamliel had a diagram of the different forms of the moon drawn on a tablet that hung on the wall of his attic, which he would show to the laymen who came to testify about the new moon but were unable to describe adequately what they had seen. And he would say to them: Did you see a form like this or like this? GEMARA: The Gemara asks: And is it permitted to create these types of forms? Isn’t it written: “You shall not make with Me gods of silver, or gods of gold” (Exodus 20:19), which is interpreted as teaching: You shall not make images of My attendants, i.e., those celestial bodies that were created to serve God, including the sun and the moon? § Abaye said: The Torah prohibited only the images of those attendants with regard to which it is possible to reproduce an item in their likeness. Since it is impossible for anyone to reproduce the sun and the moon, the prohibition does not apply to these objects. As it is taught in a baraita: A person may not construct a house in the exact form of the Sanctuary, nor a portico in the exact form of the Entrance Hall of the Sanctuary, nor a courtyard corresponding to the Temple courtyard, nor a table corresponding to the table in the Temple, nor a candelabrum corresponding to the candelabrum in the Temple. However, one may fashion

של חמשה ושל ששה ושל שמונה ושל שבעה לא יעשה אפי' של שאר מיני מתכות רבי יוסי בר יהודה אומר אף של עץ לא יעשה כדרך שעשו מלכי בית חשמונאי

a candelabrum of five or of six or of eight lamps. But one may not fashion a candelabrum with seven lamps even if he constructs it from other kinds of metal rather than gold, as in exigent circumstances the candelabrum in the Temple may be fashioned from other metals. Rabbi Yosei bar Yehuda says: Also, one may not fashion a candelabrum of wood, in the manner that the kings of the Hasmonean monarchy fashioned it. When they first purified the Temple they had to prepare the candelabrum out of wood, as no other material was available. Since this candelabrum is fit for the Temple, it is prohibited to fashion one of this kind for oneself.

אמרו לו משם ראייה שפודין של ברזל היו וחיפום בבעץ העשירו עשאום של כסף חזרו העשירו עשאום של זהב

The other Sages said to Rabbi Yosei bar Yehuda: From there you seek to bring a proof? There the branches of the candelabrum were comprised of spits [shippudin] of iron and they covered them with tin. Later, when they grew richer and could afford a candelabrum of higher-quality material, they fashioned them from silver. When they grew even richer, they fashioned them from gold. Still, Abaye proves from this baraita that the prohibition against forming an image applies only to items that can be reconstructed in an accurate manner. Since this is not possible in the case of the moon, Rabban Gamliel’s forms were permitted.

ושמשין שאי אפשר לעשות כמותן מי שרי והתניא (שמות כ, יט) לא תעשון אתי לא תעשון כדמות שמשיי המשמשין לפני במרום אמר אביי לא אסרה תורה אלא דמות ארבעה פנים בהדי הדדי

The Gemara asks: And is it really permitted to form images of those attendants concerning which it is impossible to reproduce their likeness? Isn’t it taught in a baraita that the verse: “You shall not make with Me gods of silver” (Exodus 20:19), comes to teach: You shall not make images of My attendants that serve before Me on high. Apparently, this includes the sun and the moon. Abaye said: This does not include the sun and the moon, as the Torah prohibited only the fashioning of an image of all four faces of the creatures of the Heavenly Chariot together (see Ezekiel, chapter 1). However, all other images, which are not the likeness of the ministering angels, are permitted.

(ח) לא יעשה בית תבנית היכל כשיעור גבהו וארכו ורחבו אכסדרה תבנית אולם. חצר תבנית עזרה. שלחן תבנית שלחן מנורה תבנית מנורה. אבל עושה של חמשה קנים או של ששה או שמונה אבל של שבעה לא יעשה אפילו משאר מיני מתכות ואפילו בלא גביעים וכפתורים ופרחים ואפי' אינה גבוהה י"ח טפחים:

(י) וְאָסוּר לְאָדָם שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה בַּיִת תַּבְנִית הֵיכָל. אַכְסַדְרָא תַּבְנִית אוּלָם. חָצֵר כְּנֶגֶד הָעֲזָרָה. שֻׁלְחָן בְּצוּרַת שֻׁלְחָן. וּמְנוֹרָה בְּצוּרַת מְנוֹרָה. אֲבָל עוֹשֶׂה הוּא מְנוֹרָה שֶׁל חֲמִשָּׁה קָנִים אוֹ שֶׁל שְׁמוֹנָה קָנִים אוֹ מְנוֹרָה שֶׁאֵינָהּ שֶׁל מַתֶּכֶת אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לָהּ שִׁבְעָה קָנִים:

What is the svara behind this issur?

Why did the Torah osur it?

What genre does it fall into? You would think it is Avoda Zara.

It is mentioned in the gemara and the subject of the menorah is thrown in there, in the middle of a discussion about Avoda Zara.

Rabban Gamliel had pictures of the moon - a chashash Avoda Zara - you can't do pictures of the moon - or the menorah - seems all the same topic. The she'iltot of Rav Hai Gaon thinks so -

He says it includes any of G-d's servants - anything that serves him - and the menorah is one of those things.

ת"ר לא תעשון אתי לא תעשון שימושיי כגון דמות היכל דמות שולחן דמות מנורה תניא רבי אומר לא יעשה אדם בית כתבנית היכל ואכסדרה כנגד אולם חצר כנגד עזרה שלחן כנגד שלחן מנורה כנגד מנורה אבל עושה מנורה של חמשה ושל ששה ושל שמונה ושל שבעה לא יעשה אפילו משאר מיני מתכות רבי יוסי ברבי יהודה אומר אף של עץ לא יעשה כדרך שעשו מלכי בית חשמונאי אמרו לו משם ראיה בתחילה שפודים של ברזל היו וחפאום בבעץ העשירו עשאום של כסף חזרו והעשירו עשאום של זהב

Where does the Rambam pasken this?

He paskens about the moon in Hilchos Avoda Zara but the issur concerning the menorah he paskens in HIlchot Beit Habechira which is chapter 7. That chapter begins by mentioning - et mikdashi tirayu.

You must have fear of the Beit Hamikdash.

You can;t go in with your staff or your money built or messy clothes etc.

Therefore, you don't make cheap duplicates of temple kelim for your front room - it cheapens the whole thing.

Is there a nafkeh mina lehalacha.

מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה לְיִרְאָה מִן הַמִּקְדָּשׁ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יט ל) (ויקרא כו ב) "וּמִקְדָּשִׁי תִּירָאוּ". וְלֹא מִן הַמִּקְדָּשׁ אַתָּה יָרֵא אֶלָּא מִמִּי שֶׁצִּוָּה עַל יִרְאָתוֹ:

Here are 2 possible nafkeh minahs:

1. If the origin of this is AZ then we are very strict. It is yehoreg ve al ya'avor and even for an abizrayu de avoda zara - a subsidiary derivative.

So in our case of the memorial board we have to be strict. You could say there is a large element of hefsid mamon as this board cost £800? No matter - Avoda Zara trumps it.

This is an avodah zaradikke din.

\- but alst the Mikdoshi tirayudikke din maybe we don't have to be so machmir.

2. Is the issur to make a menorah with 7 branches or to have possession of one?

If the memorial board was made in China by a goy it doesn't matter - he has no chiyuv.

Maybe it's Ok just to have it in the shul?

If this is moreh mikdash -then it is osur to make and to have - it still cheapens your view of the original.

If it is Avoda Zara then because it says lo ta'asun - make - then you can't make - but a goy made it - so maybe it's OK to have.

פתחי תשובה יורה דעה סימן קמא ס"ק יב
(יב) לא יעשה עי' בספר תפארת למשה שכתב דאם עובד כוכבים עשאה לו מותר לדור בבית ולהשתמש במנורה ושולחן ע"ש:

Moat mefarshim disagree with the Pitchei teshuva including the Shulchan Oruch

(ד) אסור לצייר צורות שבמדור שכינה כגון ד' פנים בהדי הדדי וכן צורות שרפים ואופני' ומלאכי השרת וכן צורת אדם לבדו כל אלו אסור לעשותם אפילו הם לנוי ואם עובד כוכבים עשאם לו אסור להשהותם:

He only said this about the moon not the menorah

So no heter here for our sha'ala so far.

There may be a heter based on a discussion between the maharik and the chacham tzvi.

There is a difference of opinion in the gemara and in Tosfos whether it has to be an exact replica or not.

The Maharik says it makes no difference - if it's a copy of the menorah it's osur even if it isn't exactly the same.

If you come in and you say - It doesn't look like the menorah to me - It's not as tall (18 tefachim) it doesn't have apples or almonds the maharik would say - still osur.

Be'ma'aris ayin talya milsa - which means what the average viewer sees - i.e if it looks to the untrained eye like a menorah then it is the menorah (even if it's not exactly)

The Chacham tzvi says that it has to be exact.

He bases it on a Rashi about making a room in your house like the temple where exact measurements are mentioned.

בית תבנית היכל - בארכו ורחבו ורומו ושיעור מדת פתחיו אבל אם נשתנה במקצת מותר:

This is a heter for the shul.

There is a shach in YD that asks why it mentions only about the branches and not the height and the kaphtorim etc. Because the other things are not me'akev. If you made a menorah out of metal with 7 branches it was kosher. The fact that it didn't have apples and almonds and was 18 tefachim was not me'akev - it was still kosher. So if you made a duplicate with 7 and it was metal (not wood) - it is osur even if otherwise it's not exact.

That may be why the menorah on Titus' arch doesn't have the embellishments but it was kosher (or it's just how the artist did it).

ש"ך על שולחן ערוך יורה דעה הלכות עבודת כוכבים סימן קמא
לה אפילו משאר מיני מתכות. שאע"פ שאינה של זהב כשרה במקדש אבל אינה של מתכות כגון של עץ וכה"ג שרי דפסולה במקדש, ש"ס ורמב"ם פ"ז מהל' בית הבחירה וכ"ש של חרס דשרי כדאיתא ברש"י שם ובמהרי"א והיינו דכתבו הט"ו מתכות דוקא:
לו ואפילו בלא גביעים כו'. דכל זה אינו מעכב דבדיעבד המנורה כשרה בלא גביעים וכפתורים וכן אם אינה גבוהה י"ח טפחים: עברית

In a responsa from Rav Chayim Cohen he was asked about a suspended from the ceiling menorah.

He paskened it was mutar.

In the temple it had to have a base and if it was suspended it would be posul so therefore it would be mutar as having no base is me'akev.

Litchei Teshuva brings a sha'ala about a shul with 7 branched menorah but with wax candles.

He said it could be mutar becuase they used oil in the mikdash and it was me'akev but he bliebed by a safeik so was machmir.

The Mahari Grobard was asked about an electric 7 branched and he said it was mutar.

The wax one could take oil as it did have the container shapes but the electric one was only electric and therefore mutar.

So in our case Rav Lebitz wanted to say it was mutar because the menorah came from the board and there was no base - no yerechah. Having no base is me'akev and it would be posul in the beth haMikdash ( but as a yeshiva alst chinuch - not ideal) .

............Sheyibaneh beth hamikdash bimheira beyameinu - venomar Amen.