(2) These were his officials: Azariah son of Zadok—the priest; (3) Elihoreph and Ahijah sons of Shisha—scribes; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud—recorder; (4) Benaiah son of Jehoiada—over the army; Zadok and Abiathar—priests; (5) Azariah son of Nathan—in charge of the provinces; Zabud son of Nathan the priest—companion of the king; (6) Ahishar—in charge of the palace; and Adoniram son of Abda—in charge of the forced labor.
(23) Joab was commander of the whole army [of] Israel; Benaiah son of Jehoiada was commander of the Cherethites and the Pelethites; (24) Adoram was in charge of taxes; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was recorder; (25) Sheva was scribe; and Zadok and Abiathar were priests. (26) Ira the Jairite also served David as priest.
(1) The proverbs of Solomon son of David, king of Israel:
(1) The Song of Songs, by Solomon.
(1) The words of Koheleth son of David, king in Jerusalem.
(א) דִּבְרֵי קֹהֶלֶת בֶּן דָּוִד מֶלֶךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִָם, זֶה שֶׁאָמַר הַכָּתוּב בְּרוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ עַל יְדֵי שְׁלֹמֹה מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל (משלי כב, כט):
(1) The words of Koheleth, king in Jerusalem. Midrash: This is to say that this the writing is done with "ruach hakodesh" (divine inspiration) by the hand of King Solomon (Mishlei 22:29).
On a similar note, you say with regard to Solomon: “For he had dominion over all the region on this side of the river, from Tiphsah even to Gaza” (I Kings 5:4), and also with regard to this Rav and Shmuel disagreed. One said: Tiphsah is at one end of the world, whereas Gaza is at the other end of the world. And one said: Tiphsah and Gaza are situated next to each other, and the verse means to say as follows: Just as Solomon reigned with ease over the adjacent Tiphsah and Gaza, so too, he reigned with ease over the entire world.
§ The Gemara cites another tradition about Solomon’s kingdom. Reish Lakish says: Initially, Solomon ruled even over the supernal worlds, as it is stated: “Then Solomon sat on the throne of the Lord” (I Chronicles 29:23), indicating that his kingdom was like the Lord’s kingdom, reigning over all worlds. But ultimately, after he married foreign wives, he ruled over only the lower worlds, as it is stated: “For he had dominion over all the region on this side of the river, from Tiphsah even to Gaza” (I Kings 5:4).
It is taught in a baraita: Rabbi Shimon ben Menasya says: The book of Ecclesiastes does not render the hands ritually impure because it is the wisdom of Solomon, and not divinely inspired. They said to him: It was certainly divinely inspired and that is the reason that the book of Ecclesiastes was added to the canon; as was it this alone that Solomon said? Wasn’t it already stated: “And he spoke three thousand proverbs, and his poems were a thousand and five” (I Kings 5:12)? Solomon spoke many proverbs, but only a portion of them were canonized in the Bible. Apparently, what is unique about those in Ecclesiastes is that they were divinely inspired. And it says: “Add you not unto his words” (Proverbs 30:6).
The Gemara asks: What is added by the proof introduced with the phrase: And it says? Why wasn’t the first proof sufficient? The Gemara answers: And if you would say that in terms of what he said, he said a great deal, with regard to which, if he so desired, it was written, and if he so desired, it was not written; then that is why not all of his statements were preserved. Therefore, come and hear: Add you not unto his words. Apparently, the reason that it is prohibited to add to the proverbs is that the book of Ecclesiastes was divinely inspired.