Why do we read from the book of Kohelet (Ecclesiastes) on Sukkot?
What is Ecclesiastes?
- Book in Tanach
- Read on Sukkot
- 12 chapters
- focuses on man's search for meaning of life, very philosophical
- Book in Tanach
- Read on Sukkot
- 12 chapters
- focuses on man's search for meaning of life, very philosophical
All of the other books were already placed as being read in public:
- Esther = Purim
- Eikhah = Tisha B'av
- Shir Hashirim = Pesah
- Ruth = Shavuot
Main reason a lot of people say is the connection of impermanence. Sukkot = impermanence of dwelling, Kohelet = impermanence of material things
"The strongest connection for me between Kohelet and Sukkot has to do with the "booth" that we are instructed to erect in Leviticus to remind us that we lived in these temporary structures in the wilderness after God took us out of Egypt. Both the scroll and the booth remind us of the fragility of life, the quality of being like havel or vapor that can be seen but seems to have no substance or form; it is elusive and disappears. In the sukkah, we are exposed to the elements-sun, wind, rain, and even snow-not to mention bees, bugs, and other animals.... Kohelet reminds us upfront that our life is temporary and fragile. Kohelet pushes us to open our souls, to look deep inside ourselves and humanity, into places that are often not navigated, full of shadows, darkness, and fear, to confront and consider that which may make us feel wobbly and vulnerable. Kohelet reminds us of that which we know, but do not wish to always be reminded of, namely that we are mortal, a blink in history especially as compared to God who is eternal and powerful. Kohelet makes us feel small, humble."
Dr. Roberta Louis Goodman (https://reformjudaism.org/learning/torah-study/chol-hamo-eid-sukkot/everything-there-season-turn-turn-turn-kohelet)
Dr. Roberta Louis Goodman (https://reformjudaism.org/learning/torah-study/chol-hamo-eid-sukkot/everything-there-season-turn-turn-turn-kohelet)
הֲבֵ֤ל הֲבָלִים֙ אָמַ֣ר קֹהֶ֔לֶת הֲבֵ֥ל הֲבָלִ֖ים הַכֹּ֥ל הָֽבֶל׃
Utter futility!—said Koheleth— Utter futility! All is futile!
Sometimes translated as:
- "It is all useless, Kohelet said, it is all useless. Everything is useless." -- Kravitz and Olitzky
- "Everything is impermanent, said Kohelet, it does not last. Nothing endures." -- Ibid.
- A lot of times it is talked about as vapor -- something not seen.
What do we learn from Ecclesiastes?
(יא) אֶת־הַכֹּ֥ל עָשָׂ֖ה יָפֶ֣ה בְעִתּ֑וֹ גַּ֤ם אֶת־הָעֹלָם֙ נָתַ֣ן בְּלִבָּ֔ם מִבְּלִ֞י אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹא־יִמְצָ֣א הָאָדָ֗ם אֶת־הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֛ה אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֥ה הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים מֵרֹ֥אשׁ וְעַד־סֽוֹף׃
God has made everything beautiful in its time; also, God has also set the mystery of the world in their hearts, so that no person can understand the work which God has made from beginning to end. (Translation from King James Bible)
“The world presents itself in two ways to me. The world as a thing I own, the world as a mystery I face. What I own is a trifle, what I face is sublime. I am careful not to waste what I own; I must learn not to miss what I face. We manipulate what is available on the surface of the world; we must also stand in awe before the mystery of the world… Faith is attachment…to the meaning beyond the mystery.”
(Abraham Joshua Heschel, Who is Man? ©1965. pp 88-89)
What do we do with this information from Ecclesiastes?
"Kohelet teaches us to concentrate on the matters that we can control without losing sleep over those we can't. We are off the hook from trying to change the rhythm of the seas and the stars. We are off the hook from trying to find the fountain of youth. We are off the hook from trying to find the magic insight that is going fix all of humanity and create a struggle-free life. Rather, we can live in the moment and infuse each breath with meaning. Kohelet says, "Go, eat your bread with enjoyment, and drink your wine with a merry heart, for Adonai has already approved what you do. Let your garments always be white, and do not let oil be lacking on your head. Enjoy life with the person you love, all the days of your life of breath. . . . Whatever your hand finds to do, do it with your might" (Ecclesiastes 9:7-10). In other words, live every single moment under the sun that God has given you." Rabbi Mari Chernow (https://reformjudaism.org/learning/torah-study/chol-hamo-eid-sukkot/hakol-havel-everything-breath)
May we remember Rabbi Chernow's words this Shabbat and remember that we are to live every moment under the sun that God has given us -- whether there is a Sukkah or not.
