I. Jewish Feminism and the Work/Life Nexus Dr. Judith Plaskow and Rabbi Dianne Cohler-Esses
(ד) אֵ֣לֶּה תוֹלְד֧וֹת הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם וְהָאָ֖רֶץ בְּהִבָּֽרְאָ֑ם בְּי֗וֹם עֲשׂ֛וֹת יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶ֥רֶץ וְשָׁמָֽיִם׃ (ה) וְכֹ֣ל׀ שִׂ֣יחַ הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה טֶ֚רֶם יִֽהְיֶ֣ה בָאָ֔רֶץ וְכָל־עֵ֥שֶׂב הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה טֶ֣רֶם יִצְמָ֑ח כִּי֩ לֹ֨א הִמְטִ֜יר יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהִים֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְאָדָ֣ם אַ֔יִן לַֽעֲבֹ֖ד אֶת־הָֽאֲדָמָֽה׃ (ו) וְאֵ֖ד יַֽעֲלֶ֣ה מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְהִשְׁקָ֖ה אֶֽת־כָּל־פְּנֵֽי הָֽאֲדָמָֽה׃ (ז) וַיִּיצֶר֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהִ֜ים אֶת־הָֽאָדָ֗ם עָפָר֙ מִן־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה וַיִּפַּ֥ח בְּאַפָּ֖יו נִשְׁמַ֣ת חַיִּ֑ים וַֽיְהִ֥י הָֽאָדָ֖ם לְנֶ֥פֶשׁ חַיָּֽה׃

(4) These are the generations of the heaven and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made earth and heaven. (5) No shrub of the field was yet in the earth, and no herb of the field had yet sprung up; for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a human to work the earth; (6) but there went up a mist from the earth, and watered the whole face of the earth. (7) Then the LORD God formed the human of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and the human became a living soul.

Questions:

Is there work in the Garden of Eden? Is that counterintuitive?What is the role of work in Eden?If there is work in Eden how does that change our notion of what the Garden of Eden represents?

(טז) אֶֽל־הָאִשָּׁ֣ה אָמַ֗ר הַרְבָּ֤ה אַרְבֶּה֙ עִצְּבוֹנֵ֣ךְ וְהֵֽרֹנֵ֔ךְ בְּעֶ֖צֶב תֵּֽלְדִ֣י בָנִ֑ים וְאֶל־אִישֵׁךְ֙ תְּשׁ֣וּקָתֵ֔ךְ וְה֖וּא יִמְשָׁל־בָּֽךְ׃ (יז) וּלְאָדָ֣ם אָמַ֗ר כִּֽי־שָׁמַעְתָּ֮ לְק֣וֹל אִשְׁתֶּךָ֒ וַתֹּ֙אכַל֙ מִן־הָעֵ֔ץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר צִוִּיתִ֙יךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֥א תֹאכַ֖ל מִמֶּ֑נּוּ אֲרוּרָ֤ה הָֽאֲדָמָה֙ בַּֽעֲבוּרֶ֔ךָ בְּעִצָּבוֹן֙ תֹּֽאכֲלֶ֔נָּה כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֥י חַיֶּֽיךָ׃ (יח) וְק֥וֹץ וְדַרְדַּ֖ר תַּצְמִ֣יחַֽ לָ֑ךְ וְאָכַלְתָּ֖ אֶת־עֵ֥שֶׂב הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ (יט) בְּזֵעַ֤ת אַפֶּ֙יךָ֙ תֹּ֣אכַל לֶ֔חֶם עַ֤ד שֽׁוּבְךָ֙ אֶל־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה כִּ֥י מִמֶּ֖נָּה לֻקָּ֑חְתָּ כִּֽי־עָפָ֣ר אַ֔תָּה וְאֶל־עָפָ֖ר תָּשֽׁוּב׃

(16) Unto the woman He said: ‘I will greatly multiply your pain and your travail; in pain you shalt bring forth children; and your desire shall be to your husband, and he shall rule over you.’ (17) And unto Adam He said: ‘Because you have listened to the voice of your wife, and have eaten of the tree, of which I commanded you, saying: You shalt not eat of it; cursed is the ground for your sake; in toil you shall eat of it all the days of your life. (18) Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to you; and you shall eat the herb of the field. (19) In the sweat of your face shalt you eat bread, till you return unto the ground; for out of it were you taken; for you are dust, and unto dust you shall return.’

Questions:

How does the act of eating the fruit change work?

How is the punishment for each gender different? How is it similar?

Why do you think the power differential is part of Chava's punishment?

Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Ketubot, 62b
Rabbi Rehumi was frequenting [the school] of Raba at Mahuza
He would regularly return home on the Eve of every Day of Atonement.
On day he was attracted by his subject.

His wife was expecting him.

"He is coming soon, he is coming soon"
He did not arrive.
Tears began to flow from her eyes.
He was sitting on a roof.
The roof collapsed under him

He died and his soul rested.

דרב רחומי הוה שכיח קמיה דרבא במחוזא

הוה רגיל דהוה אתי לביתיה כל מעלי יומא דכיפורי

יומא חד משכתיה שמעתא

הוה מסכיא דביתהו

השתא אתי השתא אתי

לא אתא

חלש דעתה

אחית דמעתא מעינה

הוה יתיב באיגרא

אפחית איגרא

מתותיה ונח נפשיה

Questions:

  • Do you think this story has implications for how the Talmud views gender and the work/life nexus? ​