דאגה
Worry
(כה) דְּאָגָ֣ה בְלֶב־אִ֣ישׁ יַשְׁחֶ֑נָּה וְדָבָ֖ר ט֣וֹב יְשַׂמְּחֶֽנָּה׃
(25) If there is worry in a man’s heart, yashchena, And turn it into joy with a good thing.
“If there is worry in a man’s heart, yashchena” (Proverbs 12:25). Rabbi Ami and Rabbi Asi have different opinions of the verse's meaning. One said it means: He should forcefully push it [yashchena] out of his mind. One said it means: he should tell it [yesichena] to others.
דאגה - פחד שדואג על הפסד שום דבר פן יבואהו:
ישיחנה לאחרים - שמא ישיאוהו עצה:
Worry - fear (pachad); he worries regarding the loss of anything, lest it should come upon him.
He should tell it to others - perhaps they will give him advice.
דאגה בלב איש ישחנה. ישיחנה מדעתו:
ודבר טוב ישמחנה. יעסוק בתורה והיא תשמח את הדאגה שבלבו ותצילנו ממנה, ולדברי האומר ישיחנה לאחרים כך סופו של מקרא ודבר טוב שינחמנו חבירו ישמח את הדאגה:
Worry in a man’s heart - he should cast it from his mind.
And turn it into joy with a good thing - He should engage in Torah and gladden the worry that is in his heart and he will be saved from it. According to the one who says he should tell it to others, thusly is the end of the verse: "And a good thing" is that his friend should give him comfort and gladden the worry.
דאגה. כשבא דאגה בלב איש ימעט וישפיל אותה מכמות שהיא ודבר טוב הוא אם יוכל לעצור כח לשמוח עוד את הדאגה ולחשוב כי לטובה בא מה שבא:
Worry - When worry comes to a man's heart he should minimize and lower it from its degree. And it is "good thing" if he is able to summon the strength to rejoice more with the worry and to think that which comes, comes for good.
(א) דאגה בלב איש. כשיקרה שיהיה דאגה בלב איש צריך להשתדל להכניע ולהשפיל הדאגה כי אין בדאגה תועלת כלל אך נזק והוא ממה שאינו ראוי למשכיל כי הדאגה על דבר החולף הוא שגעון גם הדאגה לענין העתיד היא בלתי ראויה כי ראוי שיבטח האדם על הש''י
Worry in a man's heart - When it occurs that worry is in a man's heart, he needs to strive to subdue and lower the worry, for in worry, there is no use at all, only harm. And this is not worthy for an enlightened person, for the worry about a thing that will pass is craziness. Also the worry about a future matter is worthless, because it is worthwhile for the person to trust in Hashem.
(7) Blessed is he who trusts in Hashem, Whose trust is Hashem alone. (8) He shall be like a tree planted by waters, Sending forth its roots by a stream: It does not sense the coming of heat, Its leaves are ever fresh; It will not worry (yidag) in a year of drought, It does not cease to yield fruit.
It will not worry (yidag) - it will not fear (yifached).
(ז) הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר...מַרְבֶּה נְכָסִים, מַרְבֶּה דְאָגָה...מַרְבֶּה תוֹרָה, מַרְבֶּה חַיִּים...
(7) He [Hillel] was accustomed to say: ...The more possessions, the more worry (daaga)...The more Torah, the more life...
פחד
Fear
(מב) לוּלֵ֡י אֱלֹקֵ֣י אָבִי֩ אֱלֹקֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וּפַ֤חַד יִצְחָק֙ הָ֣יָה לִ֔י כִּ֥י עַתָּ֖ה רֵיקָ֣ם שִׁלַּחְתָּ֑נִי אֶת־עָנְיִ֞י וְאֶת־יְגִ֧יעַ כַּפַּ֛י רָאָ֥ה אֱלֹקִ֖ים וַיּ֥וֹכַח אָֽמֶשׁ׃
(42) Had not the God of my father, the God of Abraham and the Fear (pachad) of Isaac, been with me, you would have sent me away empty-handed. But God took notice of my plight and the toil of my hands, and He gave judgment last night.”
וְדַע, שֶׁהָאָדָם צָרִיךְ לַעֲבֹר עַל גֶּשֶׁר צַר מְאֹד מְאֹד, וְהַכְּלָל וְהָעִקָּר – שֶׁלֹּא יִתְפַּחֵד כְּלָל:
Know, too! a person must cross a very, very narrow bridge. The main rule is: Do not frighten yourself (yitpached) at all!
הרב ברוך חייט (בשם רבי נחמן מברסלב)
כל העולם כלו גשר צר מאוד והעיקר לא לפחד כלל.
Rabbi Baruch Chait (based on the teaching of Rebbe Nachman of Breslav)
The whole world is a very narrow bridge and the main thing is not to fear (lefached) at all.
(נב) וּבְכֵן
(נג) תֵּן פַּחְדְּךָ ה' אֱלֹקֵֽינוּ
(נד) עַל כָּל מַעֲשֶֽׂיךָ
(נה) וְאֵימָתְךָ עַל כָּל מַה שֶּׁבָּרָֽאתָ.
(נו) וְיִירָאֽוּךָ כָּל הַמַּעֲשִׂים
(נז) וְיִשְׁתַּחֲווּ לְפָנֶיךָ
(נח) כָּל הַבְּרוּאִים.
And therefore,
Place your fear (pachad),
Hashem our G-d
Over all of your deeds
And your dread over all that you created
That all of your deeds may be in awe (yira'ucha) of you
And all the creations may prostrate before you
(25) Do not ? (tira) sudden terror (pachad), Or disaster when it comes upon the wicked.
(א) אל תירא. כי לא תבא אליך: (ב) כי תבא. כאשר תבא חשכת הרשעים לא תירא מזה כי לא תגע בך לרעה:
Do not ? - for it will not come to you, When it comes - when the darkness of the wicked comes, do not fear from it for it will not affect you negatively.
חשש
Concern
ליחוש שמא...
We are concerned that perhaps...
יראה
Awe, fear, amazement, wonder, reverence...
The feeling we should have toward G-d?
(ב) בים דאגה. דאגתה דומה לדאגת הים השקט לא יוכל. כל דאגה לשון יראה הוא.
Worry, like the sea - Their worry is like the worry [tempestuousness] of the sea that cannot be quieted. All "daaga" (worry) is the language of "yira" (?).
(יב) וְעַתָּה֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מָ֚ה ה' אֱלֹקֶ֔יךָ שֹׁאֵ֖ל מֵעִמָּ֑ךְ כִּ֣י אִם־לְ֠יִרְאָה אֶת־ה' אֱלֹקֶ֜יךָ לָלֶ֤כֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָיו֙ וּלְאַהֲבָ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ וְלַֽעֲבֹד֙ אֶת־ה' אֱלֹקֶ֔יךָ בְּכָל־לְבָבְךָ֖ וּבְכָל־נַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃
(12) And now Israel, what does Hashem your G-d ask of you other than Lira (to ?) Hashem your G-d, to walk in all of His ways, to love Him and to serve Hashem your G-d with all your heart and with all your soul.
Rabbi Ḥanina said: Everything is in the hands of Heaven, except for yirat shamayim (? of Heaven), as it is stated: “And now Israel, what does the Lord your God ask of you other than Lira (to fear) the Lord your God, to walk in all of His ways, to love Him and to serve the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul” (Deuteronomy 10:12).
הכל בידי שמים - כל הבא על האדם ביד הקב"ה כגון ארוך קצר עני עשיר חכם שוטה לבן שחור הכל בידי שמים הוא אבל צדיק ורשע אינו בא על ידי שמים את זו מסר בידו של אדם ונתן לפניו שני דרכים והוא יבחר לו יראת שמים:
Everything is in the hands of Heaven - Everything that comes upon a person is in the hand of the Holy Blessed One; such as whether one is tall or short, poor or rich, wise or foolish, white or black; everything is in the hands of Heaven. But [whether one is] a righteous person or a wicked person does not come by the hands of Heaven. This, he transmits to the hand of a person and places before him two paths. And he should choose for himself yirat shamayim (? of heaven).
(10) The beginning of wisdom is yirat Hashem (? of G-d); all who practice it gain sound understanding. Praise of Him is everlasting.
(ט) בְּיָדו אַפְקִיד רוּחִי. בְּעֵת אִישָׁן וְאָעִירָה:
(י) וְעִם רוּחִי גְּוִיָּתִי. ה' לִי וְלא אִירָא:
(9) In his hand, I safeguard my spirit, at the time that I sleep and when I wake.
(10) And with my spirit is my body; Hashem is for me, and I will not Ira (?).