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Forbidden Prophecy: The Sad Story of Hananiah son of Azzur
(ב) כִּֽי־יָק֤וּם בְּקִרְבְּךָ֙ נָבִ֔יא א֖וֹ חֹלֵ֣ם חֲל֑וֹם וְנָתַ֥ן אֵלֶ֛יךָ א֖וֹת א֥וֹ מוֹפֵֽת׃ (ג) וּבָ֤א הָאוֹת֙ וְהַמּוֹפֵ֔ת אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֥ר אֵלֶ֖יךָ לֵאמֹ֑ר נֵֽלְכָ֞ה אַחֲרֵ֨י אֱלֹקִ֧ים אֲחֵרִ֛ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יְדַעְתָּ֖ם וְנָֽעָבְדֵֽם׃ (ד) לֹ֣א תִשְׁמַ֗ע אֶל־דִּבְרֵי֙ הַנָּבִ֣יא הַה֔וּא א֛וֹ אֶל־חוֹלֵ֥ם הַחֲל֖וֹם הַה֑וּא כִּ֣י מְנַסֶּ֞ה ה' אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם֙ אֶתְכֶ֔ם לָדַ֗עַת הֲיִשְׁכֶ֤ם אֹֽהֲבִים֙ אֶת־ה' אֱלֹקֵיכֶ֔ם בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶ֖ם וּבְכָל־נַפְשְׁכֶֽם׃

(2) If there appears among you a prophet or a dream-diviner and he gives you a sign or a portent, (3) saying, “Let us follow and worship another god”—whom you have not experienced—even if the sign or portent that he named to you comes true, (4) do not heed the words of that prophet or that dream-diviner. For the LORD your God is testing you to see whether you really love the LORD your God with all your heart and soul.

(כ) אַ֣ךְ הַנָּבִ֡יא אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָזִיד֩ לְדַבֵּ֨ר דָּבָ֜ר בִּשְׁמִ֗י אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־צִוִּיתִיו֙ לְדַבֵּ֔ר וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר יְדַבֵּ֔ר בְּשֵׁ֖ם אֱלֹקִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים וּמֵ֖ת הַנָּבִ֥יא הַהֽוּא׃
(20) But any prophet who presumes to speak in My name an oracle that I did not command him to utter, or who speaks in the name of other gods—that prophet shall die.”
Nechama Leibowitz:
"Anyone who summons us to violate the Torah adducing signs and wonders in his favour, even if he causes the sun, moon, and stars to stand still as in the days of Joshua, we must pay no heed to him. Whatever success attends him, whatever wealth, honour and praise he enjoys we are not to believe his message or subscribe to his teaching since truth cannot be established by miracles or any visual spectacle."

(א) וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַהִ֗יא בְּרֵאשִׁית֙ מַמְלֶ֙כֶת֙ צִדְקִיָּ֣ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֔ה בשנת [בַּשָּׁנָה֙] הָֽרְבִעִ֔ית בַּחֹ֖דֶשׁ הַחֲמִישִׁ֑י אָמַ֣ר אֵלַ֡י חֲנַנְיָה֩ בֶן־עַזּ֨וּר הַנָּבִ֜יא אֲשֶׁ֤ר מִגִּבְעוֹן֙ בְּבֵ֣ית ה' לְעֵינֵ֧י הַכֹּהֲנִ֛ים וְכָל־הָעָ֖ם לֵאמֹֽר׃ (ב) כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר ה' צְבָא֛וֹת אֱלֹקֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר שָׁבַ֞רְתִּי אֶת־עֹ֖ל מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל׃ (ג) בְּע֣וֹד ׀ שְׁנָתַ֣יִם יָמִ֗ים אֲנִ֤י מֵשִׁיב֙ אֶל־הַמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה אֶֽת־כָּל־כְּלֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית ה' אֲשֶׁ֨ר לָקַ֜ח נְבוּכַדנֶאצַּ֤ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֙ מִן־הַמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה וַיְבִיאֵ֖ם בָּבֶֽל׃ (ד) וְאֶת־יְכָנְיָ֣ה בֶן־יְהוֹיָקִ֣ים מֶֽלֶךְ־יְ֠הוּדָה וְאֶת־כָּל־גָּל֨וּת יְהוּדָ֜ה הַבָּאִ֣ים בָּבֶ֗לָה אֲנִ֥י מֵשִׁ֛יב אֶל־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּ֖ה נְאֻם־ה' כִּ֣י אֶשְׁבֹּ֔ר אֶת־עֹ֖ל מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל׃ (ה) וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יִרְמְיָ֣ה הַנָּבִ֔יא אֶל־חֲנַנְיָ֖ה הַנָּבִ֑יא לְעֵינֵ֤י הַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ וּלְעֵינֵ֣י כָל־הָעָ֔ם הָעֹמְדִ֖ים בְּבֵ֥ית ה'׃

ו) וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יִרְמְיָ֣ה הַנָּבִ֔יא אָמֵ֕ן כֵּ֖ן יַעֲשֶׂ֣ה ה' יָקֵ֤ם ה' אֶת־דְּבָרֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִבֵּ֗אתָ לְהָשִׁ֞יב כְּלֵ֤י בֵית־ה' וְכָל־הַגּוֹלָ֔ה מִבָּבֶ֖ל אֶל־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ (ז) אַךְ־שְׁמַֽע־נָא֙ הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר אָנֹכִ֖י דֹּבֵ֣ר בְּאָזְנֶ֑יךָ וּבְאָזְנֵ֖י כָּל־הָעָֽם׃ (ח) הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָי֧וּ לְפָנַ֛י וּלְפָנֶ֖יךָ מִן־הָֽעוֹלָ֑ם וַיִּנָּ֨בְא֜וּ אֶל־אֲרָצ֤וֹת רַבּוֹת֙ וְעַל־מַמְלָכ֣וֹת גְּדֹל֔וֹת לְמִלְחָמָ֖ה וּלְרָעָ֥ה וּלְדָֽבֶר׃ (ט) הַנָּבִ֕יא אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִנָּבֵ֖א לְשָׁל֑וֹם בְּבֹא֙ דְּבַ֣ר הַנָּבִ֗יא יִוָּדַע֙ הַנָּבִ֔יא אֲשֶׁר־שְׁלָח֥וֹ ה' בֶּאֱמֶֽת׃ (י) וַיִּקַּ֞ח חֲנַנְיָ֤ה הַנָּבִיא֙ אֶת־הַמּוֹטָ֔ה מֵעַ֕ל צַוַּ֖אר יִרְמְיָ֣ה הַנָּבִ֑יא וַֽיִּשְׁבְּרֵֽהוּ׃ (יא) וַיֹּ֣אמֶר חֲנַנְיָה֩ לְעֵינֵ֨י כָל־הָעָ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר כֹּה֮ אָמַ֣ר ה' כָּ֣כָה אֶשְׁבֹּ֞ר אֶת־עֹ֣ל ׀ נְבֻֽכַדְנֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֗ל בְּעוֹד֙ שְׁנָתַ֣יִם יָמִ֔ים מֵעַ֕ל צַוַּ֖אר כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וַיֵּ֛לֶךְ יִרְמְיָ֥ה הַנָּבִ֖יא לְדַרְכּֽוֹ׃ (פ)

(יב) וַיְהִ֥י דְבַר־ה' אֶֽל־יִרְמְיָ֑ה אַ֠חֲרֵי שְׁב֞וֹר חֲנַנְיָ֤ה הַנָּבִיא֙ אֶת־הַמּוֹטָ֔ה מֵעַ֗ל צַוַּ֛אר יִרְמְיָ֥ה הַנָּבִ֖יא לֵאמֹֽר׃ (יג) הָלוֹךְ֩ וְאָמַרְתָּ֨ אֶל־חֲנַנְיָ֜ה לֵאמֹ֗ר כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר ה' מוֹטֹ֥ת עֵ֖ץ שָׁבָ֑רְתָּ וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ תַחְתֵּיהֶ֖ן מֹט֥וֹת בַּרְזֶֽל׃ (יד) כִּ֣י כֹֽה־אָמַר֩ ה' צְבָא֜וֹת אֱלֹקֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל עֹ֣ל בַּרְזֶ֡ל נָתַ֜תִּי עַל־צַוַּ֣אר ׀ כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֗לֶּה לַעֲבֹ֛ד אֶת־נְבֻכַדְנֶאצַּ֥ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל וַעֲבָדֻ֑הוּ וְגַ֛ם אֶת־חַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה נָתַ֥תִּי לֽוֹ׃ (טו) וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יִרְמְיָ֧ה הַנָּבִ֛יא אֶל־חֲנַנְיָ֥ה הַנָּבִ֖יא שְׁמַֽע־נָ֣א חֲנַנְיָ֑ה לֹֽא־שְׁלָחֲךָ֣ ה' וְאַתָּ֗ה הִבְטַ֛חְתָּ אֶת־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה עַל־שָֽׁקֶר׃ (טז) לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר ה' הִנְנִי֙ מְשַֽׁלֵּֽחֲךָ֔ מֵעַ֖ל פְּנֵ֣י הָאֲדָמָ֑ה הַשָּׁנָה֙ אַתָּ֣ה מֵ֔ת כִּֽי־סָרָ֥ה דִבַּ֖רְתָּ אֶל־ה'׃ (יז) וַיָּ֛מָת חֲנַנְיָ֥ה הַנָּבִ֖יא בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַהִ֑יא בַּחֹ֖דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִֽי׃ (פ)

(1) That year, early in the reign of King Zedekiah of Judah, in the fifth month of the fourth year, the prophet Hananiah son of Azzur, who was from Gibeon, spoke to me in the House of the LORD, in the presence of the priests and all the people. He said: (2) “Thus said the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel: I hereby break the yoke of the king of Babylon. (3) In two years, I will restore to this place all the vessels of the House of the LORD which King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon took from this place and brought to Babylon. (4) And I will bring back to this place King Jeconiah son of Jehoiakim of Judah, and all the Judean exiles who went to Babylon—declares the LORD. Yes, I will break the yoke of the king of Babylon.” (5) Then the prophet Jeremiah answered the prophet Hananiah in the presence of the priests and of all the people who were standing in the House of the LORD. (6)

The prophet Jeremiah said: “Amen! May the LORD do so! May the LORD fulfill what you have prophesied and bring back from Babylon to this place the vessels of the House of the LORD and all the exiles! (7) But just listen to this word which I address to you and to all the people: (8) The prophets who lived before you and me from ancient times prophesied war, disaster, and pestilence against many lands and great kingdoms. (9) So if a prophet prophesies good fortune, then only when the word of the prophet comes true can it be known that the LORD really sent him.”

(10) But the prophet Hananiah removed the bar from the neck of the prophet Jeremiah, and broke it; (11) and Hananiah said in the presence of all the people, “Thus said the LORD: So will I break the yoke of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon from off the necks of all the nations, in two years.” And the prophet Jeremiah went on his way.

(12) After the prophet Hananiah had broken the bar from off the neck of the prophet Jeremiah, the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah: (13) “Go say to Hananiah: Thus said the LORD: You broke bars of wood, but you shall make bars of iron instead. (14) For thus said the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel: I have put an iron yoke upon the necks of all those nations, that they may serve King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon—and serve him they shall! I have even given the wild beasts to him.” (15) And the prophet Jeremiah said to the prophet Hananiah, “Listen, Hananiah! The LORD did not send you, and you have given this people lying assurances. (16) Assuredly, thus said the LORD: I am going to banish you from off the earth. This year you shall die, for you have urged disloyalty to the LORD.” (17) And the prophet Hananiah died that year, in the seventh month.

גמ׳ תנו רבנן שלשה מיתתן בידי אדם ושלשה מיתתן בידי שמים המתנבא מה שלא שמע ומה שלא נאמר לו והמתנבא בשם עבודת כוכבים מיתתן בידי אדם הכובש את נבואתו והמוותר על דברי נביא ונביא שעבר על דברי עצמו מיתתן בידי שמים

GEMARA: The Sages taught in a baraita about the punishment of those who sin concerning prophecy: With regard to three of them, their execution is at the hand of man, and with regard to three of them, their execution is at the hand of Heaven. In the case of one who prophesies that which he did not hear from God, and one who prophesies that which was not stated to him, and one who prophesies in the name of idol worship, their execution is at the hand of man. In the case of one who suppresses his prophecy, and one who contemptuously forgoes the statement of a prophet, and a prophet who violated his own statement, their execution is at the hand of Heaven.

המתנבא מה שלא נאמר לו כגון חנניה בן עזור דקאי ירמיה בשוק העליון וקאמר (ירמיהו מט, א) כה אמר ה' [צבאות] הנני שובר את קשת עילם נשא חנניה ק"ו בעצמו מה עילם שלא בא אלא לעזור את בבל אמר הקב"ה הנני שובר את קשת עילם כשדים עצמן על אחת כמה וכמה אתא איהו בשוק התחתון אמר (ירמיהו כח, ב) כה אמר ה' וגו' שברתי את עול מלך בבל א"ל רב פפא לאביי האי לחבירו נמי לא נאמר א"ל כיון דאיתיהיב ק"ו למידרש כמאן דאיתמר ליה דמי הוא ניהו דלא נאמר לו
§ The mishna lists among those liable to be executed as false prophets one who prophesies that which was not stated to him. The Gemara comments: For example, Hananiah, son of Azzur, as Jeremiah was standing in the upper market in Jerusalem and saying: “So says the Lord of hosts: Behold, I will break the bow of Elam, the chief of their might” (Jeremiah 49:35). Hananiah raised an a fortiori inference himself: If, with regard to Elam, which came only to assist Babylonia, the Holy One, Blessed be He, said: “Behold, I will break the bow of Elam,” all the more so are the Chaldeans, i.e., the Babylonians, themselves, destined to fall. Hananiah came to the lower market and said: “So speaks the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, saying: I have broken the yoke of the king of Babylon” (Jeremiah 28:2). As a result, Hananiah, son of Azzur, was killed at the hand of Heaven (Jeremiah 28:16). Rav Pappa said to Abaye: Referring to this case as one who prophesies that which was not said to him is not precise, as not only was it not said to Hananiah, neither was this prophecy stated to another prophet. Abaye said to him: Since this matter can be inferred by means of an a fortiori inference, it is like a prophecy that was said to Jeremiah, as inferring matters a fortiori is a legitimate manner of derivation. It is Hananiah who misrepresented the prophecy, as it was not stated to him, i.e., to Hananiah, and then he presented the prophecy as though he heard it from God.