The Physician's Oath
The eternal providence has appointed me to watch over the life and health of Thy creatures. May the love for my art actuate me at all time; may neither avarice nor miserliness, nor thirst for glory or for a great reputation engage my mind; for the enemies of truth and philanthropy could easily deceive me and make me forgetful of my lofty aim of doing good to Thy children. May I never see in the patient anything but a fellow creature in pain. Grant me the strength, time and opportunity always to correct what I have acquired, always to extend its domain; for knowledge is immense and the spirit of man can extend indefinitely to enrich itself daily with new requirements. Today he can discover his errors of yesterday and tomorrow he can obtain a new light on what he thinks himself sure of today. Oh, God, Thou has appointed me to watch over the life and death of Thy creatures; here am I ready for my vocation and now I turn unto my calling. [this has been attributed to Maimonides, but was probably written by Marcus Herz, a German physician, pupil of Immanual Kant, and physician to Moses Mendelssohn. It is not known with certainty where it is from, though it first appeared in print in about 1793.]

Suggested Discussion Questions:

1. Does this approach differ from modern healthcare?

2. How should healthcare providers take this oath into consideration on a daily basis?

3. Do you always view another who is struggling as a 'fellow creature in pain?' How can we truly enact empathy?

Time Period: Modern (Spinoza through post-WWII)