"Free" Torah
(ה) זָכַ֙רְנוּ֙ אֶת־הַדָּגָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־נֹאכַ֥ל בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם חִנָּ֑ם אֵ֣ת הַקִּשֻּׁאִ֗ים וְאֵת֙ הָֽאֲבַטִּחִ֔ים וְאֶת־הֶחָצִ֥יר וְאֶת־הַבְּצָלִ֖ים וְאֶת־הַשּׁוּמִֽים׃
(5) We remember the fish that we used to eat free in Egypt, the cucumbers, the melons, the leeks, the onions, and the garlic.
זכרנו את הדגה. וכי יש בענין, שהיו המצרים נותנים להם דגים בחנם?
והלא כבר נאמר שמות ה ואתם לכו עבדו ותבן לא ינתן לכם. אם תבן לא היו נותנים להם בחנם, דגים היו נותנים להם בחנם? - ומה אני אומר חנם - חנם מן המצות
(Bamidbar 11:5) "We remember the fish that we would eat in Egypt, free": Is it possible that the Egyptians gave them fish free?
Is it not written (Shemot 5:18) "And now, go and work, and straw will not be given you": If they did not give them straw free, would they give them fish free? How, then, are we to understand "free"? "Free" of mitzvoth.

What is Free Software: Richard Stallman (2001)

“Free software” means software that respects users' freedom and community.
Roughly, it means that the users have the freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software.
Thus, “free software” is a matter of liberty, not price.
To understand the concept, you should think of “free” as in “free speech,” not as in “free beer”....
A program is free software if the program's users have the four essential freedoms:
  • The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose (freedom 0).
  • The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
  • The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help others (freedom 2).
  • The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others (freedom 3). By doing this you can give the whole community a chance to benefit from your changes. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.

The freedom to Torah as you wish

(יב) לֹ֥א בַשָּׁמַ֖יִם הִ֑וא לֵאמֹ֗ר מִ֣י יַעֲלֶה־לָּ֤נוּ הַשָּׁמַ֙יְמָה֙ וְיִקָּחֶ֣הָ לָּ֔נוּ וְיַשְׁמִעֵ֥נוּ אֹתָ֖הּ וְנַעֲשֶֽׂנָּה׃
(12) It is not in the heavens, that you should say, “Who among us can go up to the heavens and get it for us and impart it to us, that we may observe it?”
לא בשמים היא אלא כפי שנראה להחכם אחרי שעיין כראוי לברר ההלכה בש״ס ובפוסקים כפי כחו בכובד ראש וביראה מהשי״ת...
מאחר שלו נראה הפירוש כמו שפסק ולא היה סתירה לדבריו. ויקבל שכר על הוראתו אף שהאמת אינו כפירושו.
The Torah instructs us, "It is not in heaven" [Deuteronomy 30:12]. Each posek must rule as he sees fit, after meticulous study and analysis of all the relevant texts and prior rulings, to the best of his ability, fully cognizant of the heavy responsibility he has assumed in applying Hashem's Torah to the life of the Jew...
If he makes his decision with due diligence, he will be rewarded for his efforts even though he has not divined the real truth.

The freedom to study Torah and change it

בשעה שעלה משה למרום מצאו להקב"ה שיושב וקושר כתרים לאותיות אמר לפניו רבש"ע מי מעכב על ידך אמר לו אדם אחד יש שעתיד להיות בסוף כמה דורות ועקיבא בן יוסף שמו שעתיד לדרוש על כל קוץ וקוץ תילין תילין של הלכות אמר לפניו רבש"ע הראהו לי אמר לו חזור לאחורך הלך וישב בסוף שמונה שורות ולא היה יודע מה הן אומרים תשש כחו כיון שהגיע לדבר אחד אמרו לו תלמידיו רבי מנין לך אמר להן הלכה למשה מסיני נתיישבה דעתו חזר ובא לפני הקב"ה ...
"When Moshe ascended to the heavens, he found the Holy One, Blessed be He, sitting and attaching crowns to the letters. He said before Him, "Master of the Universe! Who is staying your hand?" He said to him, "There is one man man who will exist after many generations, and Akiva the son of Yosef is his name, who will in the future expound on every crown and crown piles and piles of laws." He said before Him, "Master of the Universe! Show him to me." He said to him, "Turn backwards." He went and sat at the end of eight rows [of students in Rabbi Akiva's Beit Midrash], and he did not know what they were talking [about]. He got upset. When he [Rabbi Akiva] got to [teaching] something, his students said to him, "Teacher, from where do you learn this?" He said to them, "It is a law [that was taught] to Moshe at Sinai." He calmed down. He returned and came before the Holy One, Blessed be He...

The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help others

ואחרי כן היו כל העם הולכים ללמד איש לאחיו מה ששמעו מפי משה וכותבים המצוה ההוא במגלות וישוטו השרים על כל ישראל ללמוד ולהגות עד שידעו בגרסא המצוה ההיא וירגילו לקרותה ואח"כ למדום פירושי המצוה ההיא הנתונה מאת השם. והפירוש ההוא היה כולל ענינים והיו כותבים המצוה ולומדים על פה הקבלה.
And afterward all the people went to teach – each person his neighbor – all that they heard from the mouth of Moshe – and write that commandment in scrolls. And the officers would circulate to all of Israel to teach and correct, until [the people] knew the commandment by heart and became accustomed to reading it. And afterward, they taught them the explanations of that commandment that was given from God – and that explanation would include [many] matters. And they would write the commandment and study [it] according to the received tradition.

The freedom to redistribute modified copies so you can help others

א. לְפִי הַחִדּוּשׁ שֶׁאָדָם מְחַדֵּשׁ בַּתּוֹרָה, כֵּן נִמְשָׁךְ לוֹ הֶאָרָה מִקְּדֻשַּׁת אֶרֶץ־יִשְׂרָאֵל.
ב. עַל־יְדֵי אַסְמַכְתּוֹת נִשְׁפָּע פַּרְנָסָה גְּדוֹלָה לָעוֹלָם. וָזֶה כִּי יֵשׁ כַּמָּה דְּבָרִים, שֶׁלּא מָצִינוּ לוֹ מִקְרָא מִן הַתּוֹרָה, וְטָרְחוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ, זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה, לִמְצא לָהֶם אַסְמַכְתָּא בְּעָלְמָא.
ג. עַל־יְדֵי חִדּוּשִׁין דְּאוֹרַיְתָא נִתְגַּלֶּה הַשְׁגָּחַת הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ יוֹתֵר לִבְנֵי־אָדָם...
טז. קְטַנֵּי אֲמָנָה – קָשֶׁה לָהֶם לְהַשִּׂיג חִדּוּשִׁין דְּאוֹרַיְתָא.
1. According to the novel interpretation that a person innovates in Torah, so is it drawn to him light (meaning inspiration and excitement) from the holiness of the Land of Israel.
2. Through "asmachtos," abundant livelihood is bestowed upon the world. This is because there are many things for which we do not find an [explicit] verse from the Torah and our sages, of blessed memory, labored to find for them some sort of support.
3. Through novel Torah interpretations, the Providence of Hashem, may He be blessed, is more revealed to people...
16. Those of little faith, it is difficult for them to conceive novel Torah interpretations.