הַמַּבְעִיר כָּל שֶׁהוּא חַיָּב. וְהוּא שֶׁיְּהֵא צָרִיךְ לָאֵפֶר. אֲבָל אִם הִבְעִיר דֶּרֶךְ הַשְׁחָתָה פָּטוּר מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מְקַלְקֵל. וְהַמַּבְעִיר גְּדִישׁוֹ שֶׁל חֲבֵרוֹ אוֹ הַשּׂוֹרֵף דִּירָתוֹ חַיָּב אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא מַשְׁחִית. מִפְּנֵי שֶׁכַּוָּנָתוֹ לְהִנָּקֵם מִשּׂוֹנְאוֹ וַהֲרֵי נִתְקָרְרָה דַּעְתּוֹ וְשָׁכְכָה חֲמָתוֹ וְנַעֲשָׂה כְּקוֹרֵעַ עַל מֵתוֹ אוֹ בַּחֲמָתוֹ שֶׁהוּא חַיָּב וּבְחוֹבֵל בַּחֲבֵרוֹ בִּשְׁעַת מְרִיבָה שֶׁכָּל אֵלּוּ מְתַקְּנִים הֵן אֵצֶל יִצְרָן הָרַע. וְכֵן הַמַּדְלִיק אֶת הַנֵּר אוֹ אֶת הָעֵצִים בֵּין לְהִתְחַמֵּם בֵּין לְהָאִיר הֲרֵי זֶה חַיָּב. הַמְחַמֵּם אֶת הַבַּרְזֶל כְּדֵי לְצָרְפוֹ בְּמַיִם הֲרֵי זֶה תּוֹלֶדֶת מַבְעִיר וְחַיָּב:

1 One who burns a minimal amount is liable; and that is when he needs the ashes. But if he burns [something] in a destructive way, he is exempt – as he is destroying. One who burns the hedge of his fellow or his home is liable, even though he wrecks it. For his intention was to take vengeance against his enemy, and his mind was surely put at ease and his anger was assuaged. So it was like the one who tears for his dead [relative] or in his anger who is liable; and like one who wounds his fellow during his dispute. As all of these are improving [something] with regards to their evil impulse. Likewise, one who kindles a lamp or wood – whether for warming or for giving light – is surely liable. One who heats iron in order to strengthen it in water is surely [doing] a subcategory of burning, so he is liable.

הַמְכַבֶּה כָּל שֶׁהוּא חַיָּב. אֶחָד הַמְכַבֶּה אֶת הַנֵּר וְאֶחָד הַמְכַבֶּה אֶת הַגַּחֶלֶת שֶׁל עֵץ. אֲבָל הַמְכַבֶּה גַּחֶלֶת שֶׁל מַתֶּכֶת פָּטוּר. וְאִם נִתְכַּוֵּן לְצָרֵף חַיָּב. שֶׁכֵּן לוֹטְשֵׁי הַבַּרְזֶל עוֹשִׂים מְחִמִּים אֶת הַבַּרְזֶל עַד שֶׁיֵּעָשֶׂה גַּחֶלֶת וּמְכַבִּין אוֹתוֹ בְּמַיִם כְּדֵי לְחַסְּמוֹ. וְזֶהוּ לְצָרֵף שֶׁהָעוֹשֶׂה אוֹתוֹ חַיָּב וְהוּא תּוֹלֶדֶת מְכַבֶּה. וּמֻתָּר לְכַבּוֹת גַּחֶלֶת שֶׁל מַתֶּכֶת בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יִזּוֹקוּ בָּהּ רַבִּים. הַנּוֹתֵן שֶׁמֶן לְתוֹךְ הַנֵּר הַדּוֹלֵק חַיָּב מִשּׁוּם מַבְעִיר. וְהַמִּסְתַּפֵּק מִן הַשֶּׁמֶן שֶׁבַּנֵּר חַיָּב מִשּׁוּם מְכַבֶּה:

2 One who extinguishes a minimal amount is liable. It is the same whether one extinguishes a lamp or extinguishes a wood coal. But if one extinguishes a burning piece of metal, he is exempt. However if he intends to harden it, he is liable – as this is what metal smelters do: They heat up the metal until it becomes burning and [then] extinguish it in water in order to seal it. This is strengthening [metal], such that one who does it is liable; and it is a subcategory of extinguishing. But it is permissible to extinguish a burning piece of metal in a public domain in order that the public not be hurt by it. One who puts oil into a lit lamp is liable on account of burning. One who takes from the oil in the lamp is liable on account of extinguishing.

דְּלֵקָה שֶׁנָּפְלָה בְּשַׁבָּת הַמְכַבֶּה אוֹתָהּ מִפְּנֵי אִבּוּד מָמוֹן חַיָּב שֶׁאֵין אִבּוּד מָמוֹן דּוֹחֶה שַׁבָּת אֶלָּא אִבּוּד נְפָשׁוֹת. לְפִיכָךְ יֵצְאוּ בְּנֵי אָדָם כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יָמוּתוּ וְיַנִּיחוּ הָאֵשׁ תְּלַהֵט וַאֲפִלּוּ שׂוֹרֶפֶת כָּל דִּירָתוֹ כֻּלָּהּ:

3 [In a case of] a fire that broke out on Shabbat, one who extinguishes it on account of the loss of property is liable. For the loss of property does not override Shabbat, but rather [only] the loss of lives. Hence people leave the house in order that they not die and leave the fire burning – and even if it completely burns down his whole residence.

מֻתָּר לַעֲשׂוֹת מְחִצָּה בְּכָל הַכֵּלִים בֵּין מְלֵאִים בֵּין רֵיקָנִים כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא תַּעֲבֹר הַדְּלֵקָה. אֲפִלּוּ כְּלִי חֶרֶשׂ חֲדָשִׁים מְלֵאִים מַיִם עוֹשִׂין מֵהֶן מְחִצָּה אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁוַּדַּאי מִתְבַּקְּעִין וּמְכַבִּים. שֶׁגְּרַם כִּבּוּי מֻתָּר. וְכוֹפִין קְעָרָה עַל גַּבֵּי הַנֵּר בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁלֹּא תֵּאָחֵז בַּקּוֹרָה:

4 It is permissible to make a separation with any vessels – whether [they are] full or empty – in order for the fire not to spread. We may even make a separation from new clay pots full of water – even though they will definitely crack and extinguish [the fire]. For it is permissible to cause extinguishing (to do it indirectly). And we may cover a lamp with a bowl in order that the [ceiling] not catch.

תֵּבָה שִׁדָּה וּמִגְדָּל שֶׁאָחַז בָּהֶן הָאוּר מֵבִיא עוֹר גְּדִי וְכַיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ מִדְּבָרִים שֶׁאֵין הָאוּר מְלַהֶטֶת אוֹתָן וּפוֹרְשׂוֹ עַל הַקָּצֶה שֶׁעֲדַיִן לֹא נִשְׂרַף כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא תַּעֲבֹר שָׁם הָאֵשׁ:

5 [In the case of] a crate, a chest, or a closet that caught fire – one may bring and spread a goat’s hide, or something like it form the things that fire does not [easily] burn, over the end that did not yet burn so that the fire not spread there.

טַלִּית שֶׁאָחַז בָּהּ הָאוּר פּוֹשְׁטָהּ וּמִתְכַּסֶּה בָּהּ וְאִם כָּבְתָה כָּבְתָה. וְכֵן סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה שֶׁאָחַז בּוֹ הָאוּר פּוֹשְׁטוֹ וְקוֹרֵא בּוֹ וְאִם כָּבָה כָּבָה. וְנוֹתֵן מַיִם מִן הַצַּד שֶׁעֲדַיִן לֹא נִתְלָה בּוֹ הָאוּר וְאִם כָּבְתָה כָּבְתָה. שָׁכַח נֵר דָּלוּק עַל גַּבֵּי טַבְלָא מְנַעֵר אֶת הַטַּבְלָא וְהוּא נוֹפֵל וְאִם כָּבָה כָּבָה. אֲבָל הִנִּיחוֹ מִבָּעֶרֶב אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁכָּבָה אָסוּר לְטַלְטְלוֹ:

6 [In the case of] a cloak that caught fire, he may spread it out and cover himself with it – and if it is extinguished, it is extinguished (he is not legally responsible). Likewise [with] a Torah scroll that caught fire, he spreads it out and reads from it – and if it is extinguished, it is extinguished. And he puts water on the side that has not yet caught fire – and if it is extinguished, it is extinguished. If he forgot a lit lamp on top of a tray, he may shake the tray and [the lamp will] fall – and if it is extinguished, it is extinguished. But if he left if from the eve [of Shabbat], it is forbidden to move it – even though the lamp is extinguished.

נָכְרִי שֶׁבָּא לְכַבּוֹת אֵין אוֹמְרִים לוֹ כַּבֵּה וְאַל תְּכַבֶּה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאֵין שְׁבִיתָתוֹ עָלֵינוּ. אֲבָל קָטָן שֶׁבָּא לְכַבּוֹת אֵין שׁוֹמְעִין לוֹ. וְהוּא שֶׁיִּהְיֶה עוֹשֶׂה עַל דַּעַת אָבִיו. אֲבָל מִדַּעַת עַצְמוֹ אֵין בֵּית דִּין מְצֻוִּין לְהַפְרִישׁוֹ. וּבִדְלֵקָה הִתִּירוּ לוֹמַר כָּל הַמְכַבֶּה אֵינוֹ מַפְסִיד:

7 [In the case of] a gentile who comes to extinguish [a fire], we do not say to him, “Extinguish,” or “Do not extinguish” – as his rest is not [commanded] upon us. But we do not listen to a child that comes to extinguish [a fire]. And that is when he is doing [this] with the consent of his father. But [if it is] on his own initiative, the court is not commanded to stop him. And with a fire, they allowed [us] to say [to a gentile], “Whoever extinguishes [it], will not come to a loss.

הוֹצָאָה וְהַכְנָסָה מֵרְשׁוּת לִרְשׁוּת מְלָאכָה מֵאֲבוֹת מְלָאכוֹת הִיא. וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁדָּבָר זֶה עִם כָּל גּוּפֵי תּוֹרָה מִפִּי משֶׁה מִסִּינַי נֶאֶמְרוּ. הֲרֵי הוּא אוֹמֵר בַּתּוֹרָה (שמות לו ו) "אִישׁ וְאִשָּׁה אַל יַעֲשׂוּ עוֹד מְלָאכָה לִתְרוּמַת הַקֹּדֶשׁ וַיִּכָּלֵא הָעָם מֵהָבִיא". הָא לָמַדְתָּ שֶׁהַהֲבָאָה מְלָאכָה קוֹרֵא אוֹתָהּ. וְכֵן לָמְדוּ מִפִּי הַשְּׁמוּעָה שֶׁהַמַּעֲבִיר בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים מִתְּחִלַּת אַרְבַּע לְסוֹף אַרְבַּע הֲרֵי הוּא כְּמוֹצִיא מֵרְשׁוּת לִרְשׁוּת וְחַיָּב:

Transfer from one domain to another, in either direction, is one of the principal kinds of work [forbidden on the Sabbath].— — Also, it has been transmitted by tradition that if one carries an object in a public domain for a distance of four cubits (six feet) he is subject to punishment as if he transferred it from one domain to another.

אֵין הַמּוֹצִיא מֵרְשׁוּת לִרְשׁוּת חַיָּב עַד שֶׁיּוֹצִיא כַּשִּׁעוּר הַמּוֹעִיל. מֵרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד לִרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים אוֹ מֵרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים לִרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד. וְיַעֲקֹר מֵרְשׁוּת זוֹ וְיַנִּיחַ בִּרְשׁוּת שְׁנִיָּה. אֲבָל אִם עָקַר וְלֹא הִנִּיחַ אוֹ הִנִּיחַ וְלֹא עָקַר אוֹ שֶׁהוֹצִיא פָּחוֹת מִכַּשִּׁעוּר פָּטוּר. וְכֵן הַמַּעֲבִיר מִתְּחִלַּת אַרְבַּע לְסוֹף אַרְבַּע בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים אֵינוֹ חַיָּב עַד שֶׁיַּעֲקֹר כַּשִּׁעוּר מִצַּד זֶה וְיַנִּיחֶנּוּ מִצַּד אַחֶרֶת:

One is not subject to punishment for transfer from one domain to another unless he transfers an object sizable enough to be of use either from a private domain to a public domain or from a public domain to a private domain, by detaching the object from the one domain and depositing it in the other. If, however, one detaches the object but does not deposit it, or deposits it without having first detached it, or transfers an object of less than the minimum size, he is free from liability. Similarly, if one transports an object for a distance of four cubits in a public domain, he is not subject to punishment unless he detaches the minimum size at one end and deposits it at the other.

הַזּוֹרֵק מֵרְשׁוּת לִרְשׁוּת אוֹ הַמּוֹשִׁיט הֲרֵי זֶה תּוֹלֶדֶת מוֹצִיא וְחַיָּב. וְכֵן הַזּוֹרֵק אוֹ הַמּוֹשִׁיט בְּיָדוֹ מִתְּחִלַּת אַרְבַּע לְסוֹף אַרְבַּע הֲרֵי זֶה תּוֹלֶדֶת מוֹצִיא וְחַיָּב. וְהַזּוֹרֵק כִּלְאַחַר יָד פָּטוּר:

He who throws or passes an object from one domain to another domain commits an act secondary to that of carrying an object from one domain to another, and is liable. Similarly, he who throws or passes an object a distance of four cubits in a public domain commits an act secondary to that of carrying an object from one domain to another, and is liable.— —

הַמּוֹצִיא מִקְצָת הַחֵפֶץ מֵרְשׁוּת מִשְּׁתֵּי רְשׁוּיוֹת אֵלּוּ לִרְשׁוּת שְׁנִיָּה פָּטוּר. עַד שֶׁיּוֹצִיא אֶת כָּל הַחֵפֶץ כֻּלּוֹ מֵרְשׁוּת זוֹ לִרְשׁוּת זוֹ. קֻפָּה שֶׁהִיא מְלֵאָה חֲפָצִים אֲפִלּוּ מְלֵאָה חַרְדָּל וְהוֹצִיא רֻבָּהּ מֵרְשׁוּת זוֹ לִרְשׁוּת זוֹ פָּטוּר עַד שֶׁיּוֹצִיא אֶת כָּל הַקֻּפָּה וְכֵן כָּל הַדּוֹמֶה לָזֶה שֶׁהַכְּלִי מֵשִׂים כָּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ כְּחֵפֶץ אֶחָד:

11 One who carries part of an object from one of these domains to the other domain is exempt until he removes the whole entire object from this domain to that domain. [In the case of] a box full of items – even full of mustard seed – and he removed most of it from this domain to that domain, he is exempt until he removes the whole box. And likewise, anything that is similar to this. For the vessel makes it all to be like one object.

הַמּוֹצִיא בֵּין בִּימִינוֹ בֵּין בִּשְׂמֹאלוֹ בֵּין בְּתוֹךְ חֵיקוֹ אוֹ שֶׁיָּצָא בְּמָעוֹת צְרוּרִין לוֹ בִּסְדִינוֹ חַיָּב מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוֹצִיא כְּדֶרֶךְ הַמּוֹצִיאִין. וְכֵן הַמּוֹצִיא עַל כְּתֵפוֹ חַיָּב אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהַמַּשּׂאוֹי לְמַעְלָה מֵעֲשָׂרָה טְפָחִים בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים. שֶׁכֵּן הָיָה מַשָּׂא בְּנֵי קְהָת בַּמִּשְׁכָּן לְמַעְלָה מֵעֲשָׂרָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר ז ט) "בַּכָּתֵף יִשָּׂאוּ". וְכָל הַמְּלָאכוֹת מִמִּשְׁכָּן לוֹמְדִין אוֹתָן:

12 One who carries [an object] is liable – whether with his right [hand], with his left, in his lap, or [whether] he left with money tied in his sheet – since he carried [an object] in the way of those that carry. Likewise, one who carries [it] on his shoulder is liable – even though the load is above ten handbreadths in the public domain. As the load of the Sons of Kehat was likewise above ten in the Tabernacle, as it is stated (Num. 7:9), “they carried on the shoulder.” And we learn all of the forbidden types of work from the Tabernacle.

אֲבָל הַמּוֹצִיא לְאַחַר יָדוֹ בְּרַגְלוֹ בְּפִיו וּבְמַרְפֵּקוֹ בְּאָזְנוֹ וּבִשְׂעָרוֹ וּבְכִיס שֶׁתָּפוּר בְּבִגְדוֹ וּפִי הַכִּיס לְמַטָּה בֵּין בֶּגֶד לְבֶגֶד, בְּפִי בִּגְדוֹ בְּמִנְעָלוֹ וּבְסַנְדָּלוֹ פָּטוּר שֶׁלֹּא הוֹצִיא כְּדֶרֶךְ הַמּוֹצִיאִין:

13 But one who carries with the back of his hand, with his foot, with his mouth, with his elbow, in his ear, in his hair, in his pocket sowed to his garment and the opening of the pocket is downwards, between one garment and another, in the seam of his garment, in his shoe or in his sandal is exempt – since he did not carry [an object] in the way of those that carry.

הַמּוֹצִיא מַשּׂאוֹי עַל רֹאשׁוֹ. אִם הָיָה מַשּׂאוֹי כָּבֵד כְּגוֹן שַׂק מָלֵא אוֹ תֵּבָה וּמִגְדָּל וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּהֶן שֶׁהוּא מֵשִׂים עַל רֹאשׁוֹ וְתוֹפֵשׂ בְּיָדוֹ חַיָּב. שֶׁכֵּן דֶּרֶךְ הַמּוֹצִיאִין וְנִמְצָא כְּמוֹצִיא עַל כְּתֵפוֹ אוֹ בְּיָדוֹ. אֲבָל אִם לָקַח חֵפֶץ קַל כְּגוֹן שֶׁהִנִּיחַ בֶּגֶד אוֹ סֵפֶר אוֹ סַכִּין עַל רֹאשׁוֹ וְהוֹצִיאוֹ וְהוּא אֵינוֹ אוֹחֵז בְּיָדוֹ הֲרֵי זֶה פָּטוּר שֶׁלֹּא הוֹצִיא כְּדֶרֶךְ הַמּוֹצִיאִין. שֶׁאֵין דֶּרֶךְ רֹב הָעוֹלָם לְהוֹצִיא הַחֲפָצִין מֻנָּחִין עַל רָאשֵׁיהֶם. הַמַּעֲבִיר חֵפֶץ מִתְּחִלַּת אַרְבַּע לְסוֹף אַרְבַּע בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהֶעֱבִירוֹ לְמַעְלָה מֵרֹאשׁוֹ חַיָּב:

14 [In the case of] one who carries a load on his head – if the load was heavy, such as a full bag, a crate, a closet or that which is similar to them which he puts on his head and holds with his hand, he is liable. For this is the way of those that carry; and it comes out that he is like one who carried on his shoulder or in his hand. But if he took a light object such as a book or a knife on his head, and he carried it but does not hold it with his hand, he is surely exempt – since he did not carry [an object] in the way of those that carry. As it is not the way of most [people in] the world to carry objects that are laying on their heads. One who transports [an object] from the beginning of four ells to [their] end in a public domain is liable – even though he transported [it] above his head.

מֻתָּר לְאָדָם לְטַלְטֵל בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים בְּתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת עַל אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁהוּא עוֹמֵד בְּצִדָּן. וְיֵשׁ לוֹ לְטַלְטֵל בְּכָל הַמְרֻבָּע הַזֶּה. וּבְאַמָּה שֶׁלּוֹ מוֹדְדִין. וְאִם הָיָה נַנָּס בְּאֵיבָרָיו נוֹתְנִין לוֹ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת כְּבֵינוֹנִיּוֹת שֶׁל כָּל אָדָם. וּמִפִּי הַקַּבָּלָה אָמְרוּ שֶׁזֶּה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בַּתּוֹרָה (שמות טז כט) "שְׁבוּ אִישׁ תַּחְתָּיו" שֶׁלֹּא יְטַלְטֵל חוּץ לִמְרֻבָּע זֶה אֶלָּא בִּמְרֻבָּע זֶה שֶׁהוּא כְּמִדַּת אֹרֶךְ אָדָם כְּשֶׁיִּפְשֹׁט יָדָיו וְרַגְלָיו בּוֹ בִּלְבַד יֵשׁ לְטַלְטֵל:

15 It is permissible for a person to carry in the public domain within four by four ells to the side of where he stands. And he may carry in this whole square. And we measure according to his ell (the length from his elbow to the tip of his fingers.) But if his limbs are those of a dwarf, we give him four ells like the medium ones of all people. And they said from the tradition that that which is stated in the Torah (Exod. 16:29), “a man should sit below himself,” is [to mean] that a man should not carry out of this square, but rather in this square – which is like the measure of a man when he extends his hands and his feet. He may carry within it only.

הָיוּ שְׁנַיִם מִקְצָת אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁל זֶה לְתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁל זֶה מְבִיאִין וְאוֹכְלִין בָּאֶמְצַע. וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יוֹצִיא זֶה מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁלּוֹ לְתוֹךְ שֶׁל חֲבֵרוֹ. וְאִם הָיוּ שְׁלֹשָׁה וְהָאֶמְצָעִי מֻבְלָע בֵּינְתַיִם. הוּא מֻתָּר עִמָּהֶן וְהֵן מֻתָּרִין עִמּוֹ וּשְׁנַיִם הַחִיצוֹנִים אֲסוּרִים זֶה עִם זֶה:

16 [In a case of] two [people], the four ells of each of whom go into the four ells of the other, they can bring [food] and eat it in the intersection – so long as this one not carry from his [area that he does not share] into the [area] of his fellow [that he does not share]. And if there were three and the middle [person’s area] is absorbed by the intersection, he is permitted [to eat] with them and they are permitted with him. But the two outer ones are forbidden with each other.

לְפִיכָךְ מֻתָּר לְאָדָם לַעֲקֹר חֵפֶץ מֵרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים וְלִתְּנוֹ לַחֲבֵרוֹ שֶׁעִמּוֹ בְּתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת. וְכֵן חֲבֵרוֹ לַחֲבֵרוֹ הָאַחֵר שֶׁבְּצִדּוֹ אֲפִלּוּ הֵן מֵאָה. וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהַחֵפֶץ הוֹלֵךְ כַּמָּה מִילִין בְּשַׁבָּת מֻתָּר. מִפְּנֵי שֶׁכָּל אֶחָד מֵהֶן לֹא טִלְטֵל אֶלָּא בְּתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁלּוֹ:

17 Hence it is permissible for a person to pick up an object from the public domain and to give it to his fellow who is with him within four ells. And his fellow can likewise [give it] to his other fellow at his side [and so on], even if they are a hundred. And even though the object moves several mil on Shabbat, it is permissible – for each one only carried within his four ells.

הוֹאִיל וְיֵשׁ לוֹ לְאָדָם לְטַלְטֵל בְּכָל הַמְרֻבָּע שֶׁהוּא אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת עַל אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת נִמְצָא מְטַלְטֵל בְּאֹרֶךְ אֲלַכְסוֹנוֹ שֶׁל מְרֻבָּע זֶה חָמֵשׁ אַמּוֹת וּשְׁלֹשָׁה חֻמְשֵׁי אַמָּה. לְפִיכָךְ אֵין הַמַּעֲבִיר אוֹ הַזּוֹרֵק בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים חַיָּב עַד שֶׁיַּעֲבִיר חוּץ לְחָמֵשׁ אַמּוֹת וּשְׁלֹשָׁה חֻמְשֵׁי אַמָּה. וְכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁאָמַרְנוּ מִתְּחִלַּת אַרְבַּע לְסוֹף אַרְבַּע אוֹ הַמַּעֲבִיר אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת חַיָּב הוּא מִתְּחִלַּת הָאֲלַכְסוֹן שֶׁל אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת עַד סוֹפוֹ וְאִם הֶעֱבִיר פָּחוֹת מִזֶּה פָּטוּר:

18 Since a person can carry in all of the square – which is four by four ells – it comes out that the length of his diagonal is five ells and three fifths. Hence one who carries or throws [an object] in the public domain is not liable until he carries over five ells and three fifths. And every place that we have said, from the beginning of four ells to the end of four ells, or one who carries four ells is liable – that is from the beginning of the diagonal of four ells until its end. But if he carried less than that, he is exempt.

נִמְצָא כָּאן שָׁלֹשׁ מִדּוֹת. כֵּיצַד. הָעוֹקֵר חֵפֶץ מֵרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים מִמָּקוֹם זֶה וְהִנִּיחוֹ בְּמָקוֹם אַחֵר בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים אִם הָיָה בֵּין שְׁנֵי הַמְּקוֹמוֹת עַד אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת הֲרֵי זֶה מֻתָּר. הָיָה בֵּינֵיהֶן יֶתֶר מֵאַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת וַעֲדַיִן הֵן בְּתוֹךְ חָמֵשׁ אַמּוֹת וּשְׁלֹשָׁה חֻמְשֵׁי אַמָּה פָּטוּר. הָיָה בֵּינֵיהֶן חָמֵשׁ אַמּוֹת וּשְׁלֹשָׁה חֻמְשֵׁי אַמָּה בְּשָׁוֶה הֲרֵי זֶה חַיָּב שֶׁהֲרֵי הֶעֱבִיר הַחֵפֶץ חוּץ לַאֲלַכְסוֹנוֹ שֶׁל מְרֻבָּע:

19 It comes out that there are three measurements. How is this? One who picks up an object from the public domain from this place and put it down in another place in the public domain: If there was up to four ells between those places, it is permissible; if there was more than four ells but it was still within five ells and three fifths, he is exempt; if there was exactly five ells and three fifths, he is liable – as he surely moved an object beyond the diagonal of his square.