(21-23) And the explanation for anshei chayil is men who were fit to lead a great nation, for every collection and gathering is called chayil. And this is not only used for those who go out as an army for war...but also for money, as in "My strength and the power of my hand made this wealth/chayil for me" [Dvarim 8:17]...and for fruit, "Fig and vine have given their strength/cheilam" [Yoeil 2:22]. And here a man is called chayil in judgments--the sage, eager and just.  And in battle--the hero, eager and knowing the logistics of war. And the woman is also called thus eishet chayil [Mishlei 31:10], for her being eager and knowing the conduct of the household.

(22) "And purple". Dyed with red colour and its name is argaman, as in: "And blue and purple, etc. and fine linen, etc." [Shmot 25:4]

(5) This is whereof the text says "A woman of valour is the crown of her husband" [Mishlei 12:4]--This was Avraham lamenting over Sarah...Avraham began to weep over her and said: "A woman of valour, who can find! The heart of her husband relies upon her." [op. cit., 31:10,11] When? At the hour when he told her: "Say now that you are my sister." [Breishit 12:13] "She deals with him in goodness and not evil all the days of her life."

"She seeks out wool and flax" between Yitzchak and Yishmael, when she said: "Send away this handmaid and her son." [Breishit 21:10]

"She is like the merchant ships." "And the woman was taken to the house of Par'oh." [Breishit 12 :15] And further, "And Avimelech sent." [Breishit 20:2].

"She arises while it is yet night." When? "And Avraham rose early in the morning." [Breishit 22:3]...

(13) Another opinion:  Eishet chayil -- this is the Torah.  And "far from jewels" -- that it was in the innermost chamber [of heaven] and Moshe merited to bring it down to Israel.  And "He has no lack of booty" -- that there is nothing lacking in it...Another opinion: R. Yitzchak bar Nechemiah said: Just as the Holy One (blessed be He) gave the Torah to Israel with 22 letters, so He praises fine women with 22 letters.

(5)...Another interpretation: "A woman of valor who can find?" - this is [the meaning] of what the verse states (Psalms 92:15), "In old age they still produce fruit, etc." - corresponding to Avraham and Sarah who were of the same measure concerning charity and acts of kindness; they were a good omen for the world. In this way, He does not prevent proper women from the righteous ones, [but] matches them. As so [too] do we find with the wife of Noach that her actions and his actions were of the same measure - that is why she merited with him and was rescued from the waters of the flood. "Her husband puts his confidence in her" - this is Sarah, our mother, as Avaraham grew rich on her account, as it states (Genesis 12:16), "And he benefited Avraham for her sake." "She bestows good to him, and not bad" - this is Rivkah, our mother, who bestowed [good] to Yitzchak at the time that Sarah, his mother died. "She seeks wool and flax" - this is Leah, our mother, who received Yaakov with a pleasant countenance, as it is written (Genesis 30:16), "And Yaakov came from the field in the evening, and Leah went out to meet him and said, 'You are to sleep with me, for I have hired you, etc.'" Therefore she merited and kings and prophets came from her. "She is like a merchant fleet" - this is Rachel, our mother, who was embarrassed about [her lack of] children every day. Therefore she merited and a son came from her who was similar to a ship that is filled will all the good [found] in the world - so [was it with] Yosef, that the whole world survived from his merit and he supported the world in the years of famine. "She rises while it is still night" - this is Batya, the daughter of Pharaoh. She was a gentile and became a Jewess and they mentioned her name among the proper [women], since she took care of Moshe. Therefore she merited and entered the Garden of Eden in her lifetime. ...